ASTM E2058-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Synthetic Polymer Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Synthetic Polymer Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are an integral part of existing test standards for cable fire propagation and clean room material flammability, as well as, in an approval standard for conveyor belting (1-3). Refs (1-3) use these test methods because fire-test-response results obtained from the test methods correlate with fire behavior during real-scale fire propagation tests, as discussed in X1.4
The Ignition, Combustion, or Fire Propagation test method, or a combination thereof, have been performed with materials and products containing a wide range of polymer compositions and structures, as described in X1.7.
The Fire Propagation test method is different from the test methods in the ASTM standards listed in 2.1 by virtue of producing laboratory measurements of the chemical heat release rate during upward fire propagation and burning on a vertical test specimen in normal air, oxygen-enriched air, or in oxygen-vitiated air. Test methods from other standards, for example, Test Method E 1321, which yields measurements during lateral/horizontal or downward flame spread on materials and Test Methods E 906, E 1354, and E 1623, which yield measurements of the rate of heat release from materials fully involved in flaming combustion, generally use an external radiant flux, rather than the flames from the burning material itself, to characterize fire behavior.
These test methods are not intended to be routine quality control tests. They are intended for evaluation of specific flammability characteristics of materials. Materials to be analyzed consist of specimens from an end-use product or the various components used in the end-use product. Results from the laboratory procedures provide input to fire propagation and fire growth models, risk analysis studies, building and product designs, and materials research and development.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines and quantifies synthetic polymer material flammability characteristics, related to the propensity of materials to support fire propagation, by means of a fire propagation apparatus (FPA). Material flammability characteristics that are quantified include time to ignition (tign), chemical ( ˙Qchem), and convective ( ˙Qc) heat release rates, mass loss rate ( ˙m) and effective heat of combustion (EHC).
1.2 The following test methods, capable of being performed separately and independently, are included herein:
1.2.1 Ignition Test, to determine tign for a horizontal specimen;
1.2.2 Combustion Test, to determine ˙Qchem, ˙Qc, ˙m, and EHC from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,
1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test, to determine ˙Qchem from burning of a vertical specimen.
1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten-quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up to 65 kW/m2 to the test specimen, which remains constant whether the surface regresses or expands; provision for combustion or upward fire propagation in prescribed flows of normal air, air enriched with up to 40 % oxygen, air oxygen vitiated, pure nitrogen or mixtures of gaseous suppression agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of measuring heat release rates and exhaust product flows generated during upward fire propagation on a vertical test specimen 0.305 m high.
1.4 The FPA is used to evaluate the flammability of synthetic polymer materials and products. It is also designed to obtain the transient response of such materials and products to prescribed heat fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environments and to obtain laboratory measurements of generation rates of fire products (CO2, CO, and, if desired, gaseous hydrocarbons) for use in fire safety engineering.
1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.
1.6 The Fire Propagation test of vertical specimens is not suitable for materials that, on heating, melt sufficiently to form a l...
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Designation: E2058 − 09 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Synthetic Polymer Material Flammability
1
Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at
a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.
1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines and quanti-
fies synthetic polymer material flammability characteristics, 1.6 The Fire Propagation test of vertical specimens is not
related to the propensity of materials to support fire suitable for materials that, on heating, melt sufficiently to form
propagation, by means of a fire propagation apparatus (FPA). a liquid pool.
Materialflammabilitycharacteristicsthatarequantifiedinclude
1.7 Values stated are in SI units. Values in parentheses are
˙ ˙
time to ignition (t ), chemical (Q ), and convective (Q )
ign chem c
for information only.
heat release rates, mass loss rate (m˙) and effective heat of
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the
combustion (EHC).
responseofmaterials,products,orassembliestoheatandflame
1.2 Thefollowingtestmethods,capableofbeingperformed
under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate
separately and independently, are included herein:
allfactorsrequiredforfirehazardorfireriskassessmentofthe
1.2.1 Ignition Test, to determine t for a horizontal speci-
ign
materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
men;
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
˙ ˙
1.2.2 Combustion Test,todetermine Q , Q , m˙,andEHC
chem c
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
˙
1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test, to determine Q from burn-
chem
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ing of a vertical specimen.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten-
statements, see Section 7.
quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up
2
2. Referenced Documents
to 65 kW/m to the test specimen, which remains constant
whether the surface regresses or expands; provision for com- 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bustion or upward fire propagation in prescribed flows of
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
normal air, air enriched with up to 40% oxygen, air oxygen
E906Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
vitiated, pure nitrogen or mixtures of gaseous suppression
Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile
agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of
Method
measuring heat release rates and exhaust product flows gener-
E1321Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and
atedduringupwardfirepropagationonaverticaltestspecimen
Flame Spread Properties
0.305 m high.
E1354Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
1.4 The FPA is used to evaluate the flammability of syn- Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-
sumption Calorimeter
thetic polymer materials and products. It is also designed to
obtain the transient response of such materials and products to E1623Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal
Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an
prescribed heat fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environ-
ments and to obtain laboratory measurements of generation Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)
rates of fire products (CO , CO, and, if desired, gaseous
2
3. Terminology
hydrocarbons) for use in fire safety engineering.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
methods, refer to Terminology E176.
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE05onFire
Standards and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on Surface
2
Burning. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E2058–06. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2058-09. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2058 − 09
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: flame as a function of the magnitude of a
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:E2058–06 Designation: E 2058 – 09
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Synthetic Polymer Material Flammability
1
Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisfire-test-responsestandarddeterminesandquantifiessyntheticpolymermaterialflammabilitycharacteristics,relatedto
the propensity of materials to support fire propagation, by means of a fire propagation apparatus (FPA). Material flammability
˙ ˙
characteristics that are quantified include time to ignition (t ), chemical ( Q ), and convective ( Q ) heat release rates, mass
ign chem c
loss rate ( m˙) and effective heat of combustion (EHC).
1.2 The following test methods, capable of being performed separately and independently, are included herein:
1.2.1 Ignition Test, to determine t for a horizontal specimen;
ign
˙ ˙
1.2.2 Combustion Test, to determine Q , Q , m˙, and EHC from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,
chem c
˙
1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test, to determine Q from burning of a vertical specimen.
chem
1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten-quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up to 65
2
kW/m tothetestspecimen,whichremainsconstantwhetherthesurfaceregressesorexpands;provisionforcombustionorupward
fire propagation in prescribed flows of normal air, air enriched with up to 40% oxygen, air oxygen vitiated, pure nitrogen or
mixtures of gaseous suppression agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of measuring heat release rates and
exhaust product flows generated during upward fire propagation on a vertical test specimen 0.305 m high.
1.4 The FPAis used to evaluate the flammability of synthetic polymer materials and products. It is also designed to obtain the
transient response of such materials and products to prescribed heat fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environments and to
obtain laboratory measurements of generation rates of fire products (CO , CO, and, if desired, gaseous hydrocarbons) for use in
2
fire safety engineering.
1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.
1.6 TheFirePropagationtestofverticalspecimensisnotsuitableformaterialsthat,onheating,meltsufficientlytoformaliquid
pool.
1.7 Values stated are in SI units. Values in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method
E1321 Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and Flame Spread Properties
E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption
Calorimeter
E1623 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an
Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on Surface Burning.
Current edition approved Oct.April 1, 2006.2009. Published November 2006.May 2009. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20032006 as
E2058–036.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Unit
...
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