ASTM D2454-95

Standard Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the time-temperature effect of overbaking on the physical and chemical properties of organic coatings.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-1995
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.27 - Accelerated Testing

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D2454-95(2002) - Standard Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3322-23 - Standard Practice for Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed Metal
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2454 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Practice for
Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2454; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip Aluminum
Surfaces for Painting
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the time-
D 2092 Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized)
temperature effect of overbaking on the physical and chemical
Steel Surfaces for Painting
properties of organic coatings.
D 2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Scrape Adhesion
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint, and Related
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
Coating Products
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D 2244 Test Method for Calculation of Color Differences
Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
From Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
2. Referenced Documents D 2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to
the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape
D 522 Test Method for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached
Test
Organic Coatings
D 3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
D 523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
E 805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of
D 609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
Color or Color-Difference, Measurement of Materials
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
Related Coating Products
3. Terminology
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
3.1 Definition:
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
3.1.1 overbaking—an exposure of the coating to a moder-
D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
ately higher temperature or to a longer period of baking, or
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
both, than recommended by the manufacturer of the coating for
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
normal curing. This condition is in contrast to “heat resistance”
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
2 which is a parameter relating to the service life of a coating.
a Ferrous Base
D 1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on
4. Summary of Practice
Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes
4.1 Four panels are prepared and baked at the schedule
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
normally recommended for the coating. Two of the panels are
Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to
2 then removed and the remaining two are subjected to an
a Nonferrous Metal Base
additional overbake in which the time and temperature are
D 1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Forma-
2 mutually agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
tion of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature
The sets of panels, after a suitable conditioning interval, are
D 1729 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Color Differences
2 then evaluated for the properties that are compatible with the
of Opaque Materials
substrate. Among these are gloss, color, flexibility, adhesion,
D 1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
4 impact resistance, and resistance to reagents. Note that glass
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
substrates should not be tested for impact, and zinc-coated
substrates can influence both flexibility and impact.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint and
5. Significance and Use
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
5.1 Most coatings are designed for a specific baking time
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1995. Published January 1996. Originally
and temperature. For a variety of reasons (line stoppages,
published as D 2454 – 66 T. Last previous edition D 2454 – 91.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
rerouting back through ovens, oven overheating, etc.) the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
prescribed time or temperature, or both, of the bake is often
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
D 2454
exceeded. This practice has been found to be useful in recommended for the development of optimum film properties,
evaluating the effects of overbakes on coatings. and
8.2.1.2 Overbaking Cycle—This cycle shall be within prac-
6. Materials
tical limits in order to simulate conditions that might be
encountered in actual production where baking oven or con-
6.1 Standard Baking-Type Coating mutually agreed upon
veyor lines, or both might malfunction temporarily due to
between the purchaser and the seller.
mechanical or electrical failure.
7. Hazards 8.3 Prepare four panels of each coating or coating system
and bake them at the schedule normally recommended to
7.1 The flash points of most solvents used in many organic
obtain optimum properties. Conduct the baking of these panels
coatings and related products are low enough that adequate
in a mechanical recirculating air oven set to 62°F (61°C) of
ventilation is needed to avoid exceeding 25 % of the lower
the specified baking temperature. At the end of the specified
explosive limits of the solvents when test panels are being
time remove two p
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