ASTM D4859-13

Standard Specification for Lubricants for Two-Stroke-Cycle Spark-Ignition Gasoline Engines-TC (Withdrawn 2022)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lubricants for two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines that are prone to ring sticking and damage caused by deposit-induced preignition, piston scuff, spark plug fouling, and piston varnish. The engine oils should be tested for performance, ring sticking and piston deposit, lubricity, and preignition.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines, typically other than outboard motors, that are particularly prone to ring sticking, but which are also liable to suffer damage arising from deposit induced preignition, piston scuff, spark plug fouling and piston varnish.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This specification covered lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines, typically other than outboard motors, that are particularly prone to ring sticking, but which are also liable to suffer damage arising from deposit induced preignition, piston scuff, spark plug fouling and piston varnish.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants, this specification was withdrawn in January 2022 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2013
• Withdrawal Date: 11-Jan-2022
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.B0 - Automotive Lubricants

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4859 −13
Standard Specification for
Lubricants for Two-Stroke-Cycle Spark-Ignition Gasoline
1
Engines-TC
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D4857 Test Method for Determination of the Ability of
LubricantstoMinimizeRingStickingandPistonDeposits
1.1 This specification covers lubricants intended for use in
in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines Other Than Out-
two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines, typically
boards
other than outboard motors, that are particularly prone to ring
D4858 Test Method for Determination of the Tendency of
sticking, but which are also liable to suffer damage arising
Lubricants to Promote Preignition in Two-Stroke-Cycle
from deposit induced preignition, piston scuff, spark plug
Gasoline Engines
fouling and piston varnish.
D4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2.2 Coordinating European Council (CEC) Standard:
standard.
CEC L-19-T-77 The Evaluation of the Lubricity of Two-
3
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
Stroke Engine Oils
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1 cold sticking—of piston rings,aconditioninwhichthe
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ring is free in its groove while the engine is running but stuck
when the piston is cold, normally indicated by the absence of
2. Referenced Documents
varnish or other deposits on the outer face of the ring and of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
signs of blowby on the piston skirt. D4857
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
3.1.2 combustion chamber—in reciprocating internal com-
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
bustion engines, the volume bounded by the piston crown and
ity)
any portion of the cylinder walls extending above the piston
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
crown when in the top dead center position, and the inner
by Potentiometric Titration
surface of the cylinder head including any spark plugs and
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
other inserted components. D4858
and Additives
3.1.3 hot sticking—of piston rings, a condition in which the
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
ringisstuckinitsgroovewhiletheengineisrunning,normally
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
indicated by varnish or other deposits on the outer face of the
D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products
ring, by signs of blowby on the piston skirt, or both. D4857
by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
3.1.4 lubricity—a qualitative term describing the ability of a
lubricant to minimize friction between and damage to surfaces
1 in relative motion under load. D4863
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
3.1.5 preignition—in a spark-ignition engine,ignitionofthe
Subcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber before the
Current edition approved June 15, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally
passage of the spark. D4858
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4859 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/D4859-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Order from the Coordinating European Council, 61 New Cavendish Street,
the ASTM website. London, W1M 8AR, England.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4859−13
3.1.6 scuff, scuffıng—in lubrication, damage caused by in- that of the benchmark reference oil when run under the
stantaneous localized welding between surfaces in relative conditions required by this specification and by Test Method
motion which does not result in immobilization of the pa
...