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ASTM E3261-21

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Odor Evaluation of Products and Materials Under Controlled Conditions With Trained Panel

Standard Guide for Odor Evaluation of Products and Materials Under Controlled Conditions With Trained Panel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides general guidelines and recommendations for presenting product and material samples to assessors for evaluation of odor attributes under controlled conditions. Specific situations may require variations to these guidelines.  
5.2 This guide is designed for use in assessing odor of products and materials for such applications as, but not limited to, development, reformulation, complaint investigation, quality control, and stability/shelf-life.  
5.3 Elements of this guide may also be utilized for assessor training programs involving odor evaluation tasks.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for odor evaluation of products and materials under controlled conditions with a trained panel.  
1.2 This guide addresses odor, aroma, malodor and fragrance (see Terminology E253).  
1.3 This guide addresses assessor selection and training, sample preparation, and test procedures specific to odor evaluations.  
1.4 This guide does not address odor of any specific category of products.  
1.5 This guide does not recommend a specific testing method. The user is responsible for identifying the most appropriate test design and analysis tools to address the research questions.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Sep-2021
ICS
13.040.99 - Other standards related to air quality
Technical Committee
E18 - Sensory Evaluation
Drafting Committee
E18.07 - Personal Care and Household Evaluation
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM E3261-21 - Standard Guide for Odor Evaluation of Products and Materials Under Controlled Conditions With Trained PanelASTM E3261-21 - Standard Guide for Odor Evaluation of Products and Materials Under Controlled Conditions With Trained Panel
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ASTM E3261-21 - Standard Guide for Odor Evaluation of Products and Materials Under Controlled Conditions With Trained Panel
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3261 − 21
Standard Guide for
Odor Evaluation of Products and Materials Under Controlled
1
Conditions With Trained Panel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3261; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for odor evaluation of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
products and materials under controlled conditions with a E253Terminology Relating to Sensory Evaluation of Mate-
trained panel. rials and Products
E544Practice for Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Inten-
1.2 This guide addresses odor, aroma, malodor and fra-
sity
grance (see Terminology E253).
E619Practice for Evaluating Foreign Odors and/or Flavors
1.3 This guide addresses assessor selection and training,
from Paper Packaging
sample preparation, and test procedures specific to odor evalu-
E1593Guide forAssessing the Efficacy of Consumer Prod-
ations.
ucts in Reducing the Perception of Malodor
1.4 This guide does not address odor of any specific E1885Test Method for Sensory Analysis—Triangle Test
E2139Test Method for Same-Different Test
category of products.
E2164Test Method for Directional Difference Test
1.5 This guide does not recommend a specific testing
E3000Guide for Measuring and Tracking Performance of
method. The user is responsible for identifying the most
Assessors on a Descriptive Sensory Panel
appropriate test design and analysis tools to address the
E3009Test Method for Sensory Analysis—Tetrad Test
research questions.
E3041Guide for Selecting and Using Scales for Sensory
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Evaluation
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
3. Terminology
standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 See Terminology E253 for sensory evaluation terminol-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the ogy.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Guide
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Odor testing has many unique requirements for sensory
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
assessment. This guide outlines proper assessor selection,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
training, protocols for odor testing including sample collection
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and preparation, and presentation methods spanning assess-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mentsfromsmalljarstolargechambersaswellasolfactometer
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
equipmentanddirectsniffing.Projectgoalsandobjectiveswill
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
dictate the evaluation method or methods. A complete report
will outline choices made in the final project protocol.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E18 on Sensory
2
Evaluation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E18.07 on Personal For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Care and Household Evaluation. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2021. DOI: 10.1520/E3261-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3261 − 21
5. Significance and Use 7.1.3 Internal employees allow for assessors to be on site
and for control of proprietary information. However, this may
5.1 This guide provides general guidelines and recommen-
cause resource and schedule conflicts since evaluations may
dations for presenting product and material samples to asses-
not be the employees’primary job function.
sors for evaluation of odor attributes under controlled condi-
7.1.4 Care must be taken to ensure that employees with
tions. Specific situations may require variations to these
technicalknowledgeofaprojectareexcludedfromevaluations
guidelines.
to avoid significant biases.
5.2 This guide is designed for use in assessing odor of
7.1.5 Assessorsmustalsobewillingtoobserverulessuchas
productsandmaterialsforsuchapplicationsas,butnotlimited
not e
...

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SCOPE
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ASTM E2913/E2913M-21(Practice)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.  
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5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.
Note 1: Each combination of wipes (two wipes, three wipes, and four wipes) constitutes a different matrix and must be separately validated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is similar to Practice E1644 and covers the hot, nitric acid digestion of lead (Pb) from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.  
1.2 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the practice.  
1.3 This practice should be used by analysts experienced in digestion techniques such as hot blocks. Like all procedures used in an analytical laboratory, this practice needs to be validated for use and shown to produce acceptable results before being applied to client samples.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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ASTM E2914/E2914M-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Extraction of Lead from Composited Wipe Samples

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples collected from equally-sized areas in the same space combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.  
5.2 This practice assumes use of wipes that meet Specification E1792 and should not be used unless the wipes meet Specification E1792.  
5.3 This practice is capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within paint dust.  
5.4 This practice may not be capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within silica or silicate matrices, or within matrices not soluble in nitric acid.  
5.5 Adjustment of the nitric acid concentration or acid strength, or both, of the final extract solution may be necessary for compatibility with the instrumental analysis method to be used for lead quantification.  
5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.
Note 1: Each combination of wipes (two wipes, three wipes, and four wipes) constitutes a different matrix and must be separately validated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the extraction of lead (Pb) using ultrasonication, heat and nitric acid from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.  
1.2 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the practice.  
1.3 This practice should be used by analysts experienced in digestion techniques such as hot blocks. Like all procedures used in an analytical laboratory, this practice needs to be validated for use and shown to produce acceptable results before being applied to client samples.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E1644-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Hot Plate Digestion of Dust Wipe Samples for the Determination of Lead

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for the digestion of lead in dust wipe samples collected during various lead hazard activities performed in and around buildings and related structures.  
5.2 This practice is also intended for the digestion of lead in dust wipe samples collected during and after building renovations.  
5.3 This practice is applicable to the digestion of dust wipe samples that have or have not been collected in accordance with Practice E1728/E1728M using wipes that may or may not conform to Specification E1792.  
5.4 This practice is applicable to the digestion of dust wipe samples that were placed in either hard-walled, rigid containers such as 50-mL centrifuge tubes or flexible plastic bags.
Note 2: Due to the difficulty in performing quantitative transfers of some samples from plastic bags, hard-walled rigid containers such as 50-mL plastic centrifuge tubes are recommended in Practice E1728/E1728M for sample collection.  
5.5 Digestates prepared according to this practice are intended to be analyzed for lead concentration using spectrometric techniques such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) (see Test Methods E1613, E3193, and E3203), or using electrochemical techniques such as anodic stripping voltammetry (see Practice E2051).  
5.6 This practice is not capable of determining lead bound within matrices, such as silica, that are not soluble in nitric acid.  
5.7 This practice is capable of determining lead bound within paint.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the acid digestion of surface dust samples (collected using wipe sampling practices) and associated quality control (QC) samples for the determination of lead.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Informational inch-pound units are provided in Note 3.  
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ASTM D6330-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (Excluding Formaldehyde) Emissions from Wood-Based Panels Using Small Environmental Chambers Under Defined Test Conditions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The effects of VOC sources on the indoor air quality in buildings have not been well established. One basic requirement that has emerged from indoor air quality studies is the need for well-characterized test data on the emission factors of VOCs from building materials. Standard test method and procedure are a requirement for the comparison of emission factor data from different products.  
4.2 This practice describes a procedure for using a small environmental test chamber to determine the emission factors of VOCs from wood-based panels over a specified period of time. A pre-screening analysis procedure is also provided to identify the VOCs emitted from the products, to determine the appropriate GC-MS or GC-FID analytical procedure, and to estimate required sampling volume for the subsequent environmental chamber testing.  
4.3 Test results obtained using this practice provide a basis for comparing the VOC emission characteristics of different wood-based panel products. The emission data can be used to inform manufacturers of the VOC emissions from their products. The data can also be used to identify building materials with reduced VOC emissions over the time interval of the test.  
4.4 While emission factors determined by using this practice can be used to compare different products, the concentrations measured in the chamber shall not be considered as the resultant concentrations in an actual indoor environment.
SCOPE
1.1 The practice measures the volatile organic compounds (VOC), excluding formaldehyde, emitted from manufactured wood-based panels. A pre-screening analysis is used to identify the VOCs emitted from the panel. Emission factors (that is, emission rates per unit surface area) for the VOCs of interest are then determined by measuring the concentrations in a small environmental test chamber containing a specimen. The test chamber is ventilated at a constant air change rate under the standard environmental conditions. For formaldehyde determination, see Test Method D6007.  
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1.3 VOC concentrations in the environmental test chamber are determined by adsorption on an appropriate single adsorbent tube or multi-adsorbent tube, followed by thermal desorption and combined gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or gas chromatograph/flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The air sampling procedure and the analytical method recommended in this practice are generally valid for the identification and quantification of VOCs with saturation vapor pressure between 500 and 0.01 kPa at 25°C, depending on the selection of adsorbent(s).
Note 1: VOCs being captured by an adsorbent tube depend on the adsorbent(s) and sampling procedure selected (see Practice D6196). The user should have a thorough understanding of the limitations of each adsorbent used. Although canisters can be used to sample VOCs, this standard is limited to sampling VOCs from the chamber air using adsorbent tubes.  
1.4 The emission factors determined using the above procedure describe the emission characteristics of the specimen under the standard test condition. These data can be used directly to compare the emission characteristics of different products and to estimate the emission rates up to one month after the production. They shall not be used to predict the emission rates over longer periods of time (that is, more than one month) or under different environmental conditions.  
1.5 Emission data from chamber tests can be used for predicting the impact of wood-based panels on the VOC concentrations...

  • Standard
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  • Standard
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    English language
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