ASTM B893-98(2003)
(Specification)Specification for Hard-Coat Anodizing of Magnesium for Engineering Applications
Specification for Hard-Coat Anodizing of Magnesium for Engineering Applications
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for electrolytically formed oxide coatings on magnesium and magnesium alloy parts where appearance, abrasion resistance, and protection against corrosion are important.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B 893 – 98 (Reapproved 2003)
Specification for
Hard-Coat Anodizing of Magnesium for Engineering
Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 893; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
Coatings by the Taber Abraser
1.1 This specification covers requirements for electrolyti-
2.2 ISO Standard:
cally formed oxide coatings on magnesium and magnesium
ISO 2080 Electroplating and Related Processes - Vocabu-
alloy parts where appearance, abrasion resistance, and protec-
lary
tion against corrosion are important.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to this
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
specification see Terminology B 374.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 anodizing—an electrolytic oxidation process in which
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the surface of a metal, when anodic, is converted to a coating
2. Referenced Documents having desirable protective or functional properties.
3.1.2 hard coat—in anodizing magnesium, an anodic oxide
2.1 ASTM Standards:
coating on magnesium with a higher apparent density and
B 117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
thickness, and a greater resistance to wear than the base metal.
B 244 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of An-
odic Coatings on Aluminum and of Other Nonconductive
4. Classification
Coatings on Nonmagnetic Basis Metals with Eddy-Current
3 4.1 Coating Designation—Thickness.
Instruments
4.1.1 Minimum Thickness of 20 µm.
B 322 Practice for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
3 4.2 TYPE - Post Treatments.
B 374 Terminology Relating to Electroplating
4.2.1 TYPE A—no post treatment.
B 487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
4.2.2 TYPE B—Purchaser Specified.
Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examination of a
Cross Section
5. Ordering Information (to be supplied by the purchaser
B 537 Practice for Rating of Electroplated Panels Subjected
to the producer.)
to Atmospheric Exposure
5.1 Alloy Designation—When ordering articles anodized in
B 602 Test Method for Attribute Sampling of Metallic and
3 accordancewiththisspecification,thepurchasershallstate,the
Inorganic Coatings
alloy designation number.
B 697 Guide for Selection of Sampling Plans for Inspection
3 5.2 Appearance—Unless otherwise specified by the pur-
of Electrodeposited Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
chaser, an off-white color shall be acceptable for TYPE A
B 762 Test Method of Variables Sampling of Metallic and
3 coating. The purchaser shall specify the color and surface
Inorganic Coatings
4 appearancerequiredforTYPEBcoatings.Allcoatingsshallbe
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
uniform in color and free from stains. Alternatively, samples
showing the required finish, or range of finishes, shall be
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on supplied or approved by the purchaser. When required, the
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
basis material may be subjected to such mechanical polishing
B08.07 on Chromate Conversion Coatings.
as may be required to yield the desired final surface character-
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originally
istics.
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as B 893 – 98.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 03.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 02.05.
4 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 15.09. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 06.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 893 – 98 (2003)
performance of the article.
5.3 Significant Surface—The areas of the article covered by
the coating, for which the coating is essential for service or
7.1.2 Thickness
appearance or both.
7.1.2.1 CoatingThicknessforSC20—Theanodicfilmthick-
5.3.1 Contact Marks—Contact marks will occur. The Pur-
nessshallbeaminimumof20umandnotexceed30umonthe
chaser shall specify where contact marks are unacceptable.
significant surface.
5.4 Tolerances—Dimensional build-up is approximately
7.1.2.2 Test—Hard-coating thickness shall be evaluated by
one-half of anodic film thickness. The order document shall
one or more of the following test methods in Section 8.
include any coating thickness tolerances and shall not exceed
7.2 Qualification Tests—The process shall be evaluated
any applicable drawing dimensions.
monthly or more frequently if required by the purchaser using
5.5 Thepurchasershallprovidethenumberforthisstandard
the following test methods on panels that are of the same alloy
TYPE.
of the parts coated with TYPE A hard coat.
5.6 The purchaser shall state any special post treatments.
7.2.1 Corrosion Test—Use method described in 8.1
(see 4.2 and 5.2)
7.2.2 Abrasion Resistance Test—Use the TaberAbraser test
5.7 Test Methods—The purchaser shall state the test meth-
method in Annex A1 of this specification.
od(s) by which the coated article will be evaluated (see Section
8).
8. Test Methods
5.8 Sampling Plan—see Section 9.
5.9 Any requirement for certification (see Section 11). 8.1 Corrosion Test—Panel(s) shall be subjected to a 5
5.10 Any requirement for packaging (see Section 12). percent salt spray (fog) test in accordance with Practice B 117
for 336 h. The panel(s) shall be prepared and evaluated in
6. Materials and Process
accordance with Practice B 537. A Protective Rating of 6 or
less is considered a failure.
6.1 Process
8.2 Abrasion Resistance Test—Test panels in accordance
6.1.1 Basis Metal—This standard does not specify require-
with Annex A1. The acceptance criteria shall be as follows.
ments for the surface condition of the basis metal before
8.2.1 Abrasive Wheel No. CS-10—A wear index of more
anodizing, but agreement should preferably be reached be-
than 7 mg/1000 cycles or less than 10 000 wear cycles shall be
tweenthepurchaserandtheproducerthatthesurfacecondition
considered a failure.
of the basis metal is satisfactory.
8.2.2 Abrasive Wheel No. CS-17—A wear index of more
6.1.2 Surface Preparation—Preparatory procedures and
cleaning of the basis material may be necessary, see Practice than 20 mg/1000 cycles or less than 5 000 wear cycles shall be
considered a failure.
B 322.
6.1.3 Hard-Coating—Following the preparatory operations, 8.3 Thickness Tests:
the articles are introduced into the solution for a period of time 8.3.1 Eddy-Current Method (Test Method B 244)
at the current density and temperature required to produce the
8.3.2 Microscopical Cross Section Method (Test Method
hard-coated surface.
B 487).
NOTE 1—Hard-Coatingsolutionsandoperatingconditionsarecommer-
9. Sampling
cially available. The appropriate operating instructions should be fol-
lowed.
9.1 The purchaser and producer are urged to employ statis-
NOTE 2—Intricately shaped articles may not receive the same thickness
tical process control in the coating process. Properly per-
of coating in recessed areas due to lower current densities. Auxiliary
formed, statistical process control will assure coated products
cathodes, may be used to improve anodize thickness in these areas.
of satisfactory quality and will reduce the amount of accep-
6.2 Post Treatments:
tance inspection. The sampling plan used for the in
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