ASTM C611-98(2010)e1

Standard Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles at Room Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a means of determining the electrical resistivity of carbon or graphite specimens. The use of specimens that do not conform to the specimen size limitations described in the test method may result in an alteration of test method accuracy.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical resistivity of manufactured carbon and graphite articles at room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2010
• ICS: 71.100.99 - Other products of the chemical industry
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.F0 - Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C611-98(2005)e1 - Standard Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles at Room Temperature
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7775-21 - Standard Guide for Measurements on Small Graphite Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1783-15 - Standard Guide for Development of Specifications for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures for Nuclear Applications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C783-85(2020) - Standard Practice for Core Sampling of Graphite Electrodes
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6354-23 - Standard Guide for Sampling Plan and Core Sampling of Carbon Cathode Blocks Used in Aluminum Production
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1793-15 - Standard Guide for Development of Specifications for Fiber Reinforced Silicon Carbide-Silicon Carbide Composite Structures for Nuclear Applications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C781-20 - Standard Practice for Testing Graphite Materials for Gas-Cooled Nuclear Reactor Components
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6120-97(2017)e1 - Standard Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Anode and Cathode Carbon Material at Room Temperature
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: C611 − 98(Reapproved 2010) AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Electrical Resistivity of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
Articles at Room Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C611; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Updated units throughout editorially in May 2010.
1. Scope 4. Apparatus
4.1 The means for applying current and potential terminals
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elec-
to the specimen is specified in 5.2.3.1. A typical specimen
tricalresistivityofmanufacturedcarbonandgraphitearticlesat
holder is shown in Fig. 1.
room temperature.
4.2 Bridge, Potentiometer, or Suitable Digital Voltmeter,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
with necessary accessories for making resistance measure-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
ments with a limit of error of less than 0.5 %. Fig. 2
standard.
schematically depicts two wiring diagrams that have been
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
found satisfactory for this purpose.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 The means for measuring the dimensions of the speci-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
men should be adequate to determine its gage length and its
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mean area of cross section, each within 0.5 %.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Test Specimen
2. Terminology
5.1 Thetestspecimenmaybeintheformofastrip,rod,bar,
2.1 Definitions:
or tube.
2.1.1 resistivity—the property of a material that determines
5.2 In order to determine the resistivity, each specimen shall
its resistance to the flow of an electrical current. It is defined as
conform to the following:
the value of ρ, in milliohm metres, as follows:
5.2.1 The cross-sectional area shall be uniform within
ρ 5 R·A /L
~ !
0.75 %.Ingeneral,thediameterofcircularcrosssection,orthe
thickness and width of a strip specimen shall be determined by
where:
micrometer measurements, and a sufficient number of mea-
R = resistanceofaspecimenofthematerialofuniformcross
surements shall be made to obtain a mean cross-sectional area
section, ohms,
to within 0.5 %. The test specimen shall be machined to yield
A = uniform cross section, mm , and
planar and parallel end faces. These faces shall be perpendicu-
L = distance between potential contacts, mm.
lar to the specimen length to within 0.001 mm/mm. All
surfaces shall have a surface finish visually comparable to
3. Significance and Use
0.8 µm rms. Reasonable care should be exercised to assure that
3.1 This test method provides a means of determining the
all edges are sharp and without chips or other flaws.
electrical resistivity of carbon or graphite specimens. The use
5.2.2 The test specimen shall show no defects observable
of specimens that do not conform to the specimen size
with normal vision and shall be free of surface deposits.
limitations described in the test method may result in an
5.2.3 The minimum ratio of specimen length to maximum
alteration of test method accuracy.
cross-sectional dimension (width or diameter) shall be 6 : 1.
5.2.3.1 The gage length may be measured by any scale that
will give an accuracy of 60.5 % in the length measured. In the
direction of the length of the specimen, the dimension of each
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
potential contact shall be not more than 0.5 % of the distance
D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
betweenthepotentialcontacts.Theminimumdistancebetween
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally
ε1
each potential contact and the adjacent current contact shall be
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C611-98(2005) .
DOI:10.1520/C0611-98R10E01. the maximum cross-sectional dimension (width or diameter) of
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
´1
C611 − 98 (2010)
1—Base block 12—Wire gauze holder
2—Pivot block 13—Pivot red
3—Current block adjustable 14—Screw: sockethead
4—Current block stationary 15—Roundhead screw
5—Clamp block 16—Roundhead screw
6—Clamp screw 17—Roundhead screw
7—Brush holder 18—Screw, sockethead
8—Contacts 19—Set screw
9—Current block support 20—Neoprene
10—Current block guide 21—Wire gauze
11—Pivot bracket 22—Set screw
NOTE 1—Contacts for the voltage and current probes may be made through channels drilled in the brush holders (7) and the current blocks (3 and 4),
respectively.
FIG. 1 Typical Test Apparatus
the specimen. If knife edges are used, they shall be parallel to measure the voltage. Take four measurements, on each side of
each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of a rectangular specimen, or at 90° (π/2 radians) apart on a round
the sample. The minimum ratio of gage length to maximum
specimen. Reverse the current direction and take four measure-
cross-sectional dimension (width or diameter) shall be 4 : 1.
ments again. Remove the specimen from the test apparatus,
5.2.4 No dimension shall be smaller than five times the
turn it end for end, replace it in the apparatus, and repeat the
length of the largest visible particle.
measurements. The total of 16 measurements is recommended
5.2.5 No joints or splices are permissible, unless this is the
to minimize errors due to contact potential and forward and
variable under study.
reverse currents. Average all individual values of measured
resistance and use this value to calculate the resistivity.
6. Conditioning
7.2 Heating of Specimen—In all resistance measurements,
6.1 The
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
AnAmerican National Standard
Designation:C611–98 (Reapproved 2010)
Designation:C611–98 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Electrical Resistivity of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
Articles at Room Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C611; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made to Figure 3 in May 2005.
—Updated units throughout the standard editorially May 2010.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical resistivity of manufactured carbon and graphite articles at room
temperature.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definition:
2.1.1 resistivity—the property of a material that determines its resistance to the flow of an electrical current. It is defined as the
value of r, in milliohm metres, as follows:
r5 ~R·A!/L
where:
R = resistance of a specimen of the material of uniform cross section, ohms,
A = uniform cross section, mm , and
L = distance between potential contacts, mm.
2.1.1.1In cases where resistivity is requested in ohm-inches, multiply r in milliohm metres by 0.03937.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method provides a means of determining the electrical resistivity of carbon or graphite specimens. The use of
specimens that do not conform to the specimen size limitations described in the test method may result in an alteration of test
method accuracy.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The means for applying current and potential terminals to the specimen is specified in 5.2.3.1. A typical specimen holder
is shown in Fig. 1.
4.2 Bridge, Potentiometer,or Suitable Digital Voltmeter, with necessary accessories for making resistance measurements with
a limit of error of less than 0.5 %. Fig. 2 schematically depicts two wiring diagrams that have been found satisfactory for this
purpose.
4.3 The means for measuring the dimensions of the specimen should be adequate to determine its gage length and its mean area
of cross section, each within 0.5 %.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.F0 on
Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products .
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C611–98. DOI:
10.1520/C0611-98R05E01.on Petroleum Products and Lubricants .
e1
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C611 – 98 (2005) . DOI:
10.1520/C0611-98R10E01.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
´1
C611–98 (2010)
C611–98 (2005)
1—Base block 12—Wire gauze holder
2—Pivot block 13—Pivot red
3—Current block adjustable 14—Screw: sockethead
4—Current block stationary 15—Roundhead screw
5—Clamp block 16—Roundhead screw
6—Clamp screw 17—Roundhead screw
7—Brush holder 18—Screw, sockethead
8—Contacts 19—Set screw
9—Current block support 20—Neoprene
10—Current block guide 21—Wire gauze
11—Pivot bracket 22—Set screw
NOTE—Contacts for the voltage and current probes may be made through channels drilled in the brush holders (7) and the current blocks (3 and 4),
respectively.
FIG. 1 Typical Test Apparatus
5. Test Specimen
5.1 The test specimen may be in the form of a strip, rod, bar, or tube.
5.2 In order to determine the resistivity, each specimen shall conform to the following:
5.2.1 The cross-sectional area shall be uniform within 0.75 %. In general, the diameter of circular cross section, or the thickness
and width of a strip specimen shall be determined by micrometer measurements, and a sufficient number of measurements shall
be made to obtain a mean cross-sectional area to within 0.5 %. The test specimen shall be machined to yield planar and parallel
end faces. These faces shall be perpendicular to the specimen length to within 0.001 mm/mm. All surfaces shall have a surface
finish visually comparable to 0.8 µm (32 µin.) rms. Reasonable care should be exercised to assure that all edges are sharp and
without chips or other flaws.
5.2.2 The test specimen shall show no defects observable with normal vision and shall be free of surface deposits.
5.2.3 The minimum ratio of specimen length to maximum cross-sectional dimension (width or diameter) shall be 6 : 1.
5.2.3.1 The gage length may be measured by any scale that will give an accuracy of 60.5 % in the length measured. In the
direction of the length of the specimen, the dimension of each potential contact shall be not more than 0.5 % of the distance
between the potential contacts. The minimum distance between each potential contact and the adjacent current contact shall be the
maximum cross-sectional dimension (width or diameter) of the specimen. If knife edges are used, they shall be parallel to each
other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sample.The minimum ratio of gage length to maximum cross-sectional
dimension (width or diameter) shall be 4 : 1.
5.2.4 No dimension shall be smaller than five times the length of the largest visible particle.
5.2.5 No joints or splices are permissible, unless this is the variable under study.
6. Conditioning
6.1 The specimen shall be dried for a minimum of2hat110°C, cooled to room temperature in a desiccator, and stored in a
desiccator until tested.
7. Procedure
7.1 Resistance Measurement—Measure resistan
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