iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM C559-16(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles

Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Bulk density as determined by this test method is a basic material property of importance in manufacturing and application of carbon and graphite.  
4.2 This test method can be used for quality and process control, material characterization and description, and other purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bulk density of manufactured articles of carbon and graphite of at least 500 mm3 volume. The bulk density is calculated to an accuracy of 0.25 %, using measurements of mass and dimensions in air at 25 °C ± 5 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2020
ICS
71.100.99 - Other products of the chemical industry
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.F0 - Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C559-16 - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7775-21 - Standard Guide for Measurements on Small Graphite Specimens
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7219-19 - Standard Specification for Isotropic and Near-isotropic Nuclear Graphites
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D5502-21 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Anode and Cathode Carbon Used by the Aluminum Industry
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM F2168-13(2019) - Standard Specification for Packing Material, Graphitic, Corrugated Ribbon or Textured Tape, and Die-Formed Ring
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C781-20 - Standard Practice for Testing Graphite Materials for Gas-Cooled Nuclear Reactor Components
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D8255-19 - Standard Guide for Work of Fracture Measurements on Small Nuclear Graphite Specimens
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C1076-09(2022) - Standard Specification for Nuclear Grade Hafnium Oxide Pellets
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D8356-20 - Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured Carbons and Graphite Materials for use in Obtaining Approximate Elastic Constants: Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C751-20 - Standard Specification for Nuclear-Grade Boron Carbide Pellets
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C838-16 - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Shapes
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C1835-16(2023) - Standard Classification for Fiber Reinforced Silicon Carbide-Silicon Carbide (SiC-SiC) Composite Structures
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7972-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles Using Three-Point Loading at Room Temperature
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C747-16 - Standard Test Method for Moduli of Elasticity and Fundamental Frequencies of Carbon and Graphite Materials by Sonic Resonance
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C783-85(2020) - Standard Practice for Core Sampling of Graphite Electrodes
Effective Date
01-May-2020

Buy Standard

ASTM C559-16(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite ArticlesASTM C559-16(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM C559-16(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
English language
3 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C559 − 16 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured
Carbon and Graphite Articles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bulk 4.1 Bulk density as determined by this test method is a basic
density of manufactured articles of carbon and graphite of at material property of importance in manufacturing and applica-
least 500 mm volume. The bulk density is calculated to an tion of carbon and graphite.
accuracy of 0.25 %, using measurements of mass and dimen-
4.2 This test method can be used for quality and process
sions in air at 25 °C 6 5 °C.
control, material characterization and description, and other
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as purposes.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5. Preparation of Test Specimens
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5.1 Machine test specimens from the manufactured article
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped or a right circular
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- cylinder. The minimum mass of the specimen shall be 2000
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- timesthesensitivityofthebalanceusedtoweighthespecimen,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. andthevolumeofthespecimenshallnotbelessthan500 mm .
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- Theminimumdimensionofthespecimenshallbethelargerof:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 5.1.1 Ten times the length of the largest visible particle, and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 5.1.2 2000 times the resolution of the device used for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- measuring the dimension.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.2 Duringthemachiningoperation,usenolubricanthaving
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
a boiling point above 100 °C. All corners, edges, and faces of
the specimen should be free of chips or gouges. Ensure that the
2. Referenced Documents
specimen is free of any residue from the machining operation.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Dry the specimen for a minimum of 2 h at 110 °C, and then
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International
allow it to cool to 25 °C 6 5 °C in a desiccator. The specimen
System of Units (SI) (the Modern Metric System)
shall not be removed from the desiccator until immediately
prior to weighing.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
6. Procedure
3.1.1 bulk density, n—in carbon and graphite technology,
6.1 Weigh the specimen to an accuracy of 0.05 % using a
themassofaunitvolumeofmaterialincludingbothpermeable
balance or scale. During the weighing operation, handle the
and impermeable voids (and boron compounds in the case of
specimen with soft-tipped tongs.
boronated carbon or boronated graphite) present in the material
at room temperature.
6.2 Measure each dimension of the test specimen to an
accuracy of 0.05 %.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.2.1 If the specimen is a rectangular parallelepiped, make
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
four measurements of the length (longest dimension). Take
Subcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
each measurement along the center of each of the four long
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
faces of the specimen. Measure the width and thickness at each
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C559 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/C0559-16R20.
end and at two intermediate points along the length of the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
specimen. Determine the mean of each dimension.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2.2 Ifthespecimenisarightcircularcylinder,measurethe
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. length at four points, 90° apart on the periphery of the circular
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C559 − 16 (2020)
end faces. Make two sets of diameter measurements. Each set 9.1.1 All measuring devices (calipers, scales, and balances)
shall consist of four measurements, one at each end and two a
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM C886-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Scleroscope Hardness Testing of Carbon and Graphite Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The scleroscope is a rebound hardness tester with a scale divided into 140 equal parts. For carbon and graphite materials, there is no established correlation between the Scleroscope hardness scale and other hardness scales. The test is useful in the evaluation and the manufacturing control of carbon and graphite materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the apparatus and procedure for determining the hardness of carbon and graphite materials using the Model C-2 scleroscope2 with the hammer calibrated for use on carbon and graphite materials with particles smaller than 0.8 mm.3  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C611-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles at Room Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides a means of determining the electrical resistivity of carbon or graphite specimens. The use of specimens that do not conform to the specimen size limitations described in the test method may result in an alteration of test method accuracy.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical resistivity of manufactured carbon and graphite articles at room temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6743-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Organic Heat Transfer Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Heat transfer fluids degrade when exposed to sufficiently high temperatures. The amount of degradation increases as the temperature increases or the length of exposure increases, or both. Due to reactions and rearrangement, degradation products can be formed. Degradation products include high and low boiling components, gaseous decomposition products, and products that cannot be evaporated. The type and content of degradation products produced will change the performance characteristics of a heat transfer fluid. In order to evaluate thermal stability, it is necessary to quantitatively determine the mass percentages of high and low boiling components, as well as gaseous decomposition products and those that cannot be vaporized, in the thermally stressed heat transfer fluid.  
5.2 This test method differentiates the relative stability of organic heat transfer fluids at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen and water under the conditions of the test.  
5.3 The user shall determine to his own satisfaction whether the results of this test method correlate to field performance. Heat transfer fluids in industrial plants are exposed to a variety of additional influencing variables. Interaction with the plant's materials, impurities, heat build-up during impaired flow conditions, the temperature distribution in the heat transfer fluid circuit, and other factors can also lead to changes in the heat transfer fluid. The test method provides an indication of the relative thermal stability of a heat transfer fluid, and can be considered as one factor in the decision-making process for selection of a fluid.  
5.4 The accuracy of the results depends very strongly on how closely the test conditions are followed.  
5.5 This test method does not possess the capability to quantify or otherwise assess the formation and nature of thermal decomposition products within the unstressed fluid boiling range. Decomposition products within the unstressed fluid boiling range may ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thermal stability of unused organic heat transfer fluids. The procedure is applicable to fluids used for the transfer of heat at temperatures both above and below their boiling point (refers to normal boiling point throughout the text unless otherwise stated). It is applicable to fluids with maximum bulk operating temperature between 260 °C (500 °F) and 454 °C (850 °F). The procedure shall not be used to test a fluid above its critical temperature. In this test method, the volatile decomposition products are in continuous contact with the fluid during the test. This test method will not measure the thermal stability threshold (the temperature at which volatile oil fragments begin to form), but instead will indicate bulk fragmentation occurring for a specified temperature and testing period. Because potential decomposition and generation of high pressure gas may occur at temperatures above 260 °C (500 °F), do not use this test method for aqueous fluids or other fluids which generate high-pressure gas at these temperatures.  
1.2 DIN Norm 51528 and GB/T 23800 cover other test methods that are similar to this test method.  
1.3 The applicability of this test method to siloxane-based heat transfer fluids has not been determined.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2, 8.8, 8.9, and 8.10.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Prin...

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1039-85(2020)e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Graphite Electrodes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The results of these test methods can be used as a quality control or quality assurance check of electrodes either during their manufacture or at the user's location. The results of these methods tend to be operator-sensitive; therefore, care must be taken in the execution of the test in order to obtain reproducible results.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of apparent porosity, apparent specific gravity, and bulk density of cores taken from graphite electrodes manufactured for use in electric arc furnaces. (See also C559 and C838.)  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C769-15(2020)e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Materials for Use in Obtaining an Approximate Value of Young's Modulus

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sonic velocity measurements are useful for comparing materials with similar elastic properties, dimensions, and microstructure.  
5.2 Eq 1 provides an accurate value of Young’s modulus only for isotropic, non-attenuative, and non-dispersive materials of infinite dimensions. For non-isotropic graphite, Eq 1 can be modified to take into account the Poisson’s ratios in all directions. As graphite is a strongly attenuative material, the value of Young’s modulus obtained with Eq 1 will be dependent on specimen length. If the specimen lateral dimensions are not large compared to the wavelength of the propagated pulse, then the value of Young’s modulus obtained with Eq 1 will be dependent on the specimen lateral dimensions. The accuracy of the Young's modulus calculated from Eq 1 will also depend upon the uncertainty in Poisson's ratio and its impact on the evaluation of the Poisson's factor in Eq 2. However, a value for Young's modulus can be obtained for many applications, which is often in good agreement with the value obtained by other more accurate methods, such as in Test Method C747. The technical issues and typical values of corresponding uncertainties are discussed in detail in STP 1578.5  
5.3 If the grain size of the carbon or graphite is greater than or about equal to the wavelength of the sonic pulse, the method may not be providing a value of Young’s modulus representative of the bulk material. Therefore, it would be recommended to test a lower frequency (longer wavelength) to demonstrate that the range of obtained velocity values are within an acceptable level of accuracy. Significant signal attenuation should be expected when the grain size of the material is greater than or about equal to the wavelength of the transmitted sonic pulse or the material is more porous than would be expected for an as-manufactured graphite.
Note 1: Due to frequency dependent attenuation in graphite, the wavelength of the sonic pulse through the test specimen is not nec...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the sonic velocity in manufactured carbon and graphite which can be used to obtain an approximate value of Young's modulus.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8356-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured Carbons and Graphite Materials for use in Obtaining Approximate Elastic Constants: Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sonic velocity measurements are useful for comparing materials with similar elastic properties, dimensions, and microstructure.  
5.2 Eq 1 provides an accurate value of Young’s modulus only for isotropic, non-attenuative, non-dispersive materials of infinite dimensions. For non-isotropic graphite Eq 1 can be modified to take into account the Poisson’s ratios in all directions. As graphite is a strongly attenuative material, the value of Young’s modulus obtained with Eq 1 will be dependent on specimen length. If the specimen lateral dimensions are not large compared with the wavelength of the propagated pulse, then the value of Young’s modulus obtained with Eq 1 will be dependent on the specimen lateral dimensions. The accuracy of the Young’s modulus calculated from Eq 1 will also depend upon uncertainty in Poisson’s ratio and its impact on the evaluation of the Poisson’s factor in Eq 2. However, a value for Young’s modulus Eq 1 or Eq 7) can be obtained for many applications, which is often in good agreement with the value obtained by other more accurate methods, such as in Test Method C747. The technical issues and typical values of corresponding uncertainties are discussed in detail in STP 1578.6  
5.3 If the grain size of the carbon or graphite is greater than or about equal to the wavelength of the sonic pulse, the method may not provide a value of the Young’s modulus representative of the bulk material. Therefore it would be desirable to test a lower frequency (longer wavelength) to demonstrate that the range of obtained velocity values are within acceptable levels of accuracy. Significant signal attenuation should be expected when grain size of the material is greater than or about equal to the wavelength of the transmitted sonic pulse or the material is more porous than would be expected for as-manufactured graphite.
Note 1: Due to frequency dependent attenuation in graphite, the wavelength of the sonic pulse through the test specimen is not necessaril...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the longitudinal and transverse (shear) sonic velocities in manufactured carbon and graphite which can be used to obtain approximate values for the elastic constants: Young’s modulus (E), the shear modulus (G), and Poisson’s ratio (v).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C651-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles Using Four-Point Loading at Room Temperature

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedures for determining the flexural strength of manufactured carbon and graphite articles using a simple beam in four-point loading at room temperature. The four-point loading fixture shall consist of spherical bearing blocks of hardened steel or its equivalent to ensure that forces applied to the beam are normal only and without eccentricity, and distortion of the loading member is prevented. Judicious use of linkages, rocker bearings, and flexure plates may maintain the parallel direction of loads and reactions. The test specimens shall be prepared to yield a parallelepiped with cross sections that are rectangular, faces that are parallel and flat, and edges that are free from visible flaws and chips.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used for material development, quality control, characterization, and design data generation purposes.  
4.2 This test method determines the maximum loading on a graphite specimen with simple beam geometry in 4-point bending, and it provides a means for the calculation of flexural strength at ambient temperature and environmental conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of manufactured carbon and graphite articles using a simple beam in four-point loading at room temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C783-85(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Core Sampling of Graphite Electrodes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Core sampling is an acceptable way of obtaining a test specimen without destroying the usefulness of the electrode.  
4.1.1 Test specimens obtained by this practice can be used by producers and users of graphite electrodes for the purpose of conducting the tests in Note 1 to obtain comparative physical properties.  
4.2 This practice may not provide a test specimen of the appropriate size (with respect to particle size/sample dimension ratios) to allow the determination of absolute property values.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice was developed for electric-arc furnace graphite electrodes, and covers a procedure and equipment for obtaining core samples from electrodes in a manner that does not destroy the electrode nor prevent its subsequent use as originally intended. However, the minimum electrode diameter, for which extraction of a core sample using this practice does not influence subsequent use, is influenced by the particular application and must be determined by the user. Graphite electrodes for use in electric arc furnaces are usually solid cylinders of graphite with threaded sockets machined in each end.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: The following ASTM standards are noted as sources of useful information: Test Methods C559, C611, C651, C747, C1025, and C1039.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7972-14(2020)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles Using Three-Point Loading at Room Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a framework for material development, quality control, characterization, and design data generation purposes. The user needs to assess the applicability of the method on the specific material and for the intended use, as shown by the interlaboratory study.  
4.2 This test method determines the maximum loading on a graphite specimen with simple beam geometry in three–point bending, and it provides a means for the calculation of flexural strength at ambient temperature and environmental conditions.  
4.3 The flexure stress is computed based on simple beam theory with assumptions that the material is isotropic and homogeneous, the moduli of elasticity in tension and compression are identical, and the material is linearly elastic. For materials with large grains, the minimum specimen dimension should be significantly larger than the maximum grain size (see Guide D7775).  
4.4 Flexural strength of a group of test specimens is influenced by several parameters associated with the test procedure. Such factors include the loading rate, test environment, specimen size, specimen preparation, and test fixtures. Specimen sizes and fixtures should be chosen to reduce errors due to material variability or testing parameters, such as friction and non-parallelism of specimen surfaces.  
4.5 The flexural strength of a manufactured graphite or carbon material is dependent on both its inherent resistance to fracture and the size and severity of flaws. Variations in these cause a natural scatter in test results for a sample of test specimens. Fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces, although beyond the scope of this standard, is highly recommended for all purposes, especially if the data will be used for design as discussed in Practices C1239 and C1322.  
4.6 The three-point test configuration exposes only a very small portion of the specimen to the maximum stress. Therefore, three-point flexural strengths are likely to be much greater than four-po...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of manufactured carbon and graphite articles using a square, rectangular or cylindrical beam in three-point loading at room temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1025-15(2020)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Modulus of Rupture in Bending of Electrode Graphite

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means for determining the modulus of rupture of a square cross section graphite specimen machined from the electrode core sample obtained according to Practice C783, with a minimum core diameter of 57 mm. This test method is recommended for quality control or quality assurance purposes, but should not be relied upon to compare materials of radically different particle sizes or orientational characteristics. For these reasons as well as those discussed in 4.2 an absolute value of flexural strength may not be obtained.  
4.2 Specimen Size—The maximum particle size and maximum pore size vary greatly for manufactured graphite electrodes, generally increasing with electrode diameter. The test is on a rather short stubby beam, therefore the shear stress is not insignificant compared to the flexural stress, and the test results may not agree when a different ratio or specimen size is used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the modulus of rupture in bending of specimens cut from graphite electrodes using a simple square cross section beam in four-point loading at room temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off