ASTM D6822-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Density and API gravity are used in custody transfer quantity calculations and to satisfy transportation, storage, and regulatory requirements. Accurate determination of density or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperatures of 15°C or 60°F.
Density and API gravity are also factors that indicate the quality of crude petroleum. Crude petroleum prices are frequently posted against values in kg/m3 or in degrees API. However, this property of petroleum is an uncertain indication of its quality unless correlated with other properties.
Field of Application—Because the thermohydrometer incorporates both the hydrometer and thermometer in one device, it is more applicable in field operations for determining density or API gravity of crude petroleum and other liquid petroleum products. The procedure is convenient for gathering main trunk pipelines and other field applications where limited laboratory facilities are available. The thermohydrometer method may have limitations in some petroleum density determinations. When this is the case, other methods such as Test Method (API MPMS Chapter 9.1) may be used.
This procedure is suitable for determining the density, relative density, or API gravity of low viscosity, transparent or opaque liquids, or both. This procedure, when used for opaque liquids, requires the use of a meniscus correction (see 7.2). Additionally for both transparent and opaque fluids the readings shall be corrected for the thermal glass expansion effect and alternate calibration temperature effects before correcting to the reference temperature. This procedure can also be used for viscous liquids by allowing sufficient time for the thermohydrometer to reach temperature equilibrium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less. Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures or Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in Section 7 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section 8 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibi...
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API Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Designation:D6822–12
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or
base prover volume determination).
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass
1.5 AnnexA1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify-
thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations,
ing the equipment of this test method.
of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having
only.
a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Valuesaredeterminedatexistingtemperaturesandcorrectedto
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
international standard tables.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measure-
ments. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either
2. Referenced Documents
the reference temperature or at another convenient tempera-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ture, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the
D1250 GuideforUseofthePetroleumMeasurementTables
thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration tempera-
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
ture effects and to the reference temperature by means of
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
calculations and Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method (API MPMS
Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
Chapter 9.1)
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, orAPI
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconver-
Lubricants
sion Procedures or Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or
3
2.2 API Standards:
both, or tables as applicable.
MPMS Chapter 9.1 Hydrometer Test Method for Density,
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) or API Gravity of
before performing any calculations. The calculations required
Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products (ASTM
in Section 7 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer
Test Method D1298)
reading with observations and results reported as required by
MPMS Chapter 11.1–2004, including Addendum
Section 8 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure
1–2007 Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and theAPI Committee on Petroleum Measure- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ment, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02.09 on Density contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Determination (API MPMS Chapter 9.0). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approvedin2002.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asD6822-02(2008).DOI: Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-
10.1520/D6822-12. ington, DC 20005-4070, www.api.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D6822–12
Factors f
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
API Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Designation:D6822–02 (Reapproved 2008)
Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Designation:D6822–12
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer, of the density, relative density (specific gravity),
or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products with Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of international standard tables.
1.2The values stated in either SI units or inch pound-units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3*
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of
the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum
products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.Values are determined
at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements.
Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and
readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to
the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
(API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, orAPI gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or
alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures or Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum
Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in
Section 7 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section
8 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover
volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measurement, and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02.09 on Density Determination (API MPMS Chapter 9.0).
Current edition approved Feb.April 1, 2008.2012. Published April 2008.August 2012. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
D6822-02(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D6822-02R08.10.1520/D6822-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM Internatio
...
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