ASTM D6822-12a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Density and API gravity are used in custody transfer quantity calculations and to satisfy transportation, storage, and regulatory requirements. Accurate determination of density or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperatures of 15°C or 60°F.
Density and API gravity are also factors that indicate the quality of crude petroleum. Crude petroleum prices are frequently posted against values in kg/m3 or in degrees API. However, this property of petroleum is an uncertain indication of its quality unless correlated with other properties.
Field of Application—Because the thermohydrometer incorporates both the hydrometer and thermometer in one device, it is more applicable in field operations for determining density or API gravity of crude petroleum and other liquid petroleum products. The procedure is convenient for gathering main trunk pipelines and other field applications where limited laboratory facilities are available. The thermohydrometer method may have limitations in some petroleum density determinations. When this is the case, other methods such as Test Method (API MPMS Chapter 9.1) may be used.
This procedure is suitable for determining the density, relative density, or API gravity of low viscosity, transparent or opaque liquids, or both. This procedure, when used for opaque liquids, requires the use of a meniscus correction (see 9.2). Additionally for both transparent and opaque fluids the readings shall be corrected for the thermal glass expansion effect and alternate calibration temperature effects before correcting to the reference temperature. This procedure can also be used for viscous liquids by allowing sufficient time for the thermohydrometer to reach temperature equilibrium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less. Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures or Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsib...
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API Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Designation:D6822–12a
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass
only.
thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations,
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Valuesaredeterminedatexistingtemperaturesandcorrectedto
15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and
2. Referenced Documents
international standard tables.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are
D1250 GuideforUseofthePetroleumMeasurementTables
uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measure-
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
ments. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
the reference temperature or at another convenient tempera-
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method (API MPMS
ture, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the
Chapter 9.1)
thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration tempera-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
ture effects and to the reference temperature by means of
Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)
calculations and Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2)
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, orAPI
D5854 PracticeforMixingandHandlingofLiquidSamples
gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units
ofPetroleumandPetroleumProducts(API MPMSChapter
or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconver-
8.3)
sion Procedures or Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
both, or tables as applicable.
Lubricants
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
before performing any calculations. The calculations required
3
2.2 API Standards:
in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer
MPMS Chapter 8.1 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petro-
reading with observations and results reported as required by
leum and Petroleum Products
Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure
MPMS Chapter 8.2 Practice for Automatic Sampling of
(measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or
Petroleum and Petroleum Products
base prover volume determination).
MPMS Chapter 8.3 Practice for Mixing and Handling of
1.5 AnnexA1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify-
Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ing the equipment of this test method.
(ASTM Practice D5854)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and theAPI Committee on Petroleum Measure- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ment, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02.09 on Density contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Determination (API MPMS Chapter 9.0). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 15, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6822-12. DOI: Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-
10.1520/D6822-12A. ington, DC 20005-4070, www.api.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbo
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
API Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Designation:D6822–12 Designation:D6822–12a
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of
the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum
products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.Values are determined
at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements.
Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and
readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to
the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
(API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, orAPI gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or
alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures or Adjunct to D1250, Guide for Use of the Petroleum
Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in
Section 7 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section
8 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover
volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), orAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum
Products by Hydrometer Method (API MPMS Chapter 9.1)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2)
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.3)
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
3
2.2 API Standards:
MPMS Chapter 8.1 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
MPMS Chapter 8.2 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measurement, and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02.09 on Density Determination (API MPMS Chapter 9.0).
Current edition approved April 1,May 15, 2012. Published AugustOctober 2012. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20082012 as
D6822-02(2008).D6822-12. DOI: 10.1520/D6822-12A.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
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