ASTM A596/A596M-14

Standard Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and Ring Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Test methods using suitable ring-type specimens4 are the preferred methods of determining the basic magnetic properties of a material caused by the absence of demagnetizing effects and are well suited for specification acceptance, service evaluation, and research and development.  
3.2 Provided the test specimen is representative of the bulk material as is usually the case for thin strip and wire, this test is also suitable for design purposes.  
3.3 When the test specimen is not necessarily representative of the bulk material such as a ring machined from a large forging or casting, the results of this test method may not be an accurate indicator of the magnetic properties of the bulk material. In such instances, the test results when viewed in context of past performance history will be useful for judging the suitability of the current material for the intended application.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers dc ballistic testing for the determination of basic magnetic properties of materials in the form of ring, toroidal, link, double-lapped Epstein cores, or other standard shapes which may be cut, stamped, machined, or ground from cast, compacted, sintered, forged, or rolled materials. It includes tests for normal induction and hysteresis taken under conditions of steep wavefront reversals of the direct-current magnetic field strength.  
1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A34/A34M.  
1.3 This test method is suitable for a testing range from very low magnetic field strength up to 200 or more Oe [15.9 or more kA/m]. The lower limit is determined by integrator sensitivity and the upper limit by heat generation in the magnetizing winding. Special techniques and short duration testing may extend the upper limit of magnetic field strength.  
1.4 Testing under this test method is inherently more accurate than other methods. When specified dimensional or shape requirements are observed, the measurements are a good approximation to absolute properties. Test accuracy available is primarily limited by the accuracy of instrumentation. In most cases, equivalent results may be obtained using Test Method A773/A773M or the test methods of IEC Publication 60404-4.  
1.5 This test method permits a choice of test specimen to permit measurement of properties in any desired direction relative to the direction of crystallographic orientation without interference from external yoke systems.  
1.6 The symbols and abbreviated definitions used in this test method appear in Fig. 1 and Sections 5, 6, 9, and 10. For the official definitions see Terminology A340. Note that the term flux density used in this document is synonymous with the term magnetic induction.  
1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm ) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.8 The values stated in either customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this test method, the SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this method.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is th...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2014
• ICS: 29.030 - Magnetic materials
• ICS: 29.100.10 - Magnetic components
• Technical Committee: A06 - Magnetic Properties
• Drafting Committee: A06.01 - Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A596/A596M − 14
Standard Test Method for
Direct-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the
1
Ballistic Method and Ring Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA596/A596M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and
many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
1.1 This test method covers dc ballistic testing for the
central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or
determination of basic magnetic properties of materials in the
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
form of ring, toroidal, link, double-lapped Epstein cores, or
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
other standard shapes which may be cut, stamped, machined,
mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
or ground from cast, compacted, sintered, forged, or rolled
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website
materials. It includes tests for normal induction and hysteresis
(http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm)foradditionalinforma-
taken under conditions of steep wavefront reversals of the
tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-
direct-current magnetic field strength.
containingproducts,orboth,inyourstatemaybeprohibitedby
1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with
state law.
Practice A34/A34M.
1.8 The values stated in either customary (cgs-emu and
1.3 Thistestmethodissuitableforatestingrangefromvery
inch-pound) units or SI units are to be regarded separately as
lowmagneticfieldstrengthupto200ormoreOe[15.9ormore standard. Within this test method, the SI units are shown in
kA/m]. The lower limit is determined by integrator sensitivity
brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where
and the upper limit by heat generation in the magnetizing there are separate sections for the respective unit systems. The
winding. Special techniques and short duration testing may
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;
extend the upper limit of magnetic field strength. therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnoncon-
1.4 Testing under this test method is inherently more accu-
formance with this method.
rate than other methods. When specified dimensional or shape
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
requirements are observed, the measurements are a good
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
approximationtoabsoluteproperties.Testaccuracyavailableis
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
primarily limited by the accuracy of instrumentation. In most
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
cases, equivalent results may be obtained using Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
A773/A773M or the test methods of IEC Publication 60404-4.
1.5 This test method permits a choice of test specimen to
2. Referenced Documents
permit measurement of properties in any desired direction
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
relative to the direction of crystallographic orientation without
A34/A34MPractice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
interference from external yoke systems.
of Magnetic Materials
1.6 Thesymbolsandabbreviateddefinitionsusedinthistest
A340Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
method appear in Fig. 1 and Sections 5, 6, 9, and 10. For the
Magnetic Testing
official definitions see Terminology A340. Note that the term
A341/A341MTest Method for Direct Current Magnetic
fluxdensityusedinthisdocumentissynonymouswiththeterm
Properties of Materials Using D-C Permeameters and the
magnetic induction.
Ballistic Test Methods
A343/A343MTest Method for Alternating-Current Mag-
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
MagneticPropertiesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA06.01onTest
2
Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published June 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A596/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ε1
A596M–95(2009) . DOI: 10.1520/A0596_A0596M-14. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: A596/A596M − 95 (Reapproved 2009) A596/A596M − 14
Standard Test Method for
Direct-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the
1
Ballistic Method and Ring Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A596/A596M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Updated IEC information editorially in November 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers dc ballistic testing for the determination of basic magnetic properties of materials in the form of
ring, toroidal, link, double-lapped Epstein cores, or other standard shapes which may be cut, stamped, machined, or ground from
cast, compacted, sintered, forged, or rolled materials. It includes tests for normal induction and hysteresis taken under conditions
of steep wavefront reversals of the direct-current magnetic field strength.
1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A34/A34M.
1.3 This test method is suitable for a testing range from very low magnetic field strength up to 200 or more Oe [15.9 or more
kA/m]. The lower limit is determined by integrator sensitivity and the upper limit by heat generation in the magnetizing winding.
Special techniques and short duration testing may extend the upper limit of magnetic field strength.
1.4 Testing under this test method is inherently more accurate than other methods. When specified dimensional or shape
requirements are observed, the measurements are a good approximation to absolute properties. Test accuracy available is primarily
limited by the accuracy of instrumentation. In most cases, equivalent results may be obtained using Test Method A773/A773M or
the test methods of IEC Publication 60404-4.
1.5 This test method permits a choice of test specimen to permit measurement of properties in any desired direction relative to
the direction of crystallographic orientation without interference from external yoke systems.
1.6 The symbols and abbreviated definitions used in this test method appear in Fig. 1 and Sections 5, 6, 9, and 10. For the official
definitions see Terminology A340. Note that the term flux density used in this document is synonymous with the term magnetic
induction.
1.7 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm ) for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.8 The values stated in either customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard.
Within this test method, the SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are separate
sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this method.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009May 1, 2014. Published January 2010June 2014. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as
ε1
A596/A596M–95(2004)A596/A596M–95(2009) . DOI: 10.1520/A0596_A0596M-95R09E01. 10.1520/A0596_A0596M-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, r
...