ASTM D6241-04(2009)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for the Static Puncture Strength of Geotextiles and Geotextile-Related Products Using a 50-mm Probe
Standard Test Method for the Static Puncture Strength of Geotextiles and Geotextile-Related Products Using a 50-mm Probe
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for determining the puncture strength of geotextiles is to be used by the industry as an index of puncture strength. The use of this test method is to establish an index value by providing standard criteria and a basis for uniform reporting.
5.2 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of geotextiles.
5.3 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of the type in question. The test specimens then should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.
5.4 This test method is not applicable to materials that are manufactured in sizes that are too small to be placed into the test apparatus in accordance with the procedures in this test method. Furthermore, it is not appropriate to separate plies of a geosynthetic or geocomposite for use in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is an index test used to measure the force required to puncture a geotextile and geotextile-related products. The relatively large size of the plunger provides a multidirectional force on the geotextile.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D6241 − 04(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for the
Static Puncture Strength of Geotextiles and Geotextile-
Related Products Using a 50-mm Probe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6241; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Title was added to Table 1 and editorial changes were made throughout in February 2014.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other textile terms used
1.1 This test method is an index test used to measure the
in this test method, refer to Terminology D123. For definitions
force required to puncture a geotextile and geotextile-related
of other terms relating to geosynthetics used in this test
products. The relatively large size of the plunger provides a
method, refer to Terminology D4439.
multidirectional force on the geotextile.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2.1 atmoshere for testing geotextiles, n—air maintained at
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
a relative humidity of 50 to 70 % and a temperature of 21 6
only.
2°C (70 6 4°F).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 geotextile, n—a permeable geosynthetic composed
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
solely of textiles.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.3 puncture resistance, n—the inherent resisting mecha-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
nism of the test specimen to the failure by a penetrating or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
puncturing object.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 A test specimen is clamped without tension between
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
circular plates and secured in a tensile or compression testing
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
machine, or both. A force is exerted against the center of the
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
unsupported portion of the test specimen by a steel plunger
D1883 Test Method for CBR (California Bearing Ratio) of
attached to the load indicator until rupture occurs. The maxi-
Laboratory-Compacted Soils mum force is the value of puncture strength.
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled
5. Significance and Use
Erosion Control Products(RECPs) for Testing
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
5.1 This test method for determining the puncture strength
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
of geotextiles is to be used by the industry as an index of
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
puncture strength. The use of this test method is to establish an
index value by providing standard criteria and a basis for
NOTE 1—Test Method D1883 describes a mold (CBR mold) that can be
uniform reporting.
used for this test method.
5.2 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-
tance testing of commercial shipments of geotextiles.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
5.3 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported
Geosynthetics is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechanical
test results when using this test method for acceptance testing
Properties
of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2009.PublishedJuly2009.Originallyapproved
should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a
in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6241 – 04. DOI: 10.1520/
D6241-04R09E01.
statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
minimum, the two parties should take a group of test speci-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6241 − 04 (2009)
lot of the type in question. The test specimens then should be 6.3 Clamping Apparatus, consisting of concentric plates
randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for with an internal diameter of 150 mm (5.9 in.), capable of
testing.Theaverageresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbe
clamping the test specimen without slippage (limit slippage of
compared using Student’s t-test for unpaired data and an
test specimen to 5 mm). The external diameter is suggested to
acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before
be 250 mm (9.8 in.). The diameter of the holes used for
the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be
securing the ring clamp assemblage is suggested to be 11 mm
found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must
(7/16 in.) and equally spaced at a diameter of 220 mm (8.7 in.).
agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known
The surfaces of these plates can consist of grooves with rubber
bias.
O-rings or coarse sandpaper bonded onto opposing surfaces. It
5.4 This test method is not applicable to materials that are
is suggested that 9.5-mm (3/8-in.) bolts be welded to the
manufactured in sizes that are too small to be placed into the
bottom plate so that the top plate can be placed over the bolts
test apparatus in accordance with the procedures in this test
and nuts easily tightened. A guide block may be used to help
method. Furthermore, it is not appropriate to separate plies of
seat the material being clamped. Other clamps that eliminate
a geosynthetic or geocomposite for use in this test method.
slippage are acceptable. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
6. Apparatus NOTE 2—Plans for a hydraulic clamping apparatus are on file atASTM.
6.1 Testing Machine, must be constant-rate-of extension
7. Sampling
(CRE) type, with autographic recorder conforming to the
requirement of Specification D76.
7.1 Lot Sample—In the absence of other guidelines, divide
the product into lots and take lot samples as specified in
6.2 Plunger, with a flat diameter of 50 6 1 mm with a radial
edge of 2.5 6 0.5 mm. See Fig. 1. Practice D4354.
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimeters.
NOTE 2—This diagram is not to scale.
FIG. 1 Plunger
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D6241 − 04 (2009)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimeters.
NOTE 2—This diagram is not to scale.
FIG. 2 Typical Arrangement for Test on Tensile Testing Machine (Method A)
7.2 Laboratory Sample—Consider the units in the lot 7.3 Remove test specimens from the laboratory sample in a
sample as the units in the laboratory sample. For the laboratory randomlydistributedpatternacrossthewidthwithnospecimen
sample, take a full width sample of sufficient length along the
taken nearer the selvage of fabric edge than 1/20 of the fabric
selvage or edge of the roll so that the requirements of 7.3
width or 150 mm (6 in.), whichever is the smaller, unless
through 7.5.2 can be met. Exclude the inner and outer wraps of
otherwise specified.
therolloranymaterialcontainingfolds,crushedareas,orother
distort
...
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