ASTM D4539-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels by Low-Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)
Standard Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels by Low-Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The Low Temperature Flow Test results are indicative of the low temperature flow performance of the test fuel in some diesel vehicles (according to CRC Report No. 528). The test method is especially useful for the evaluation of fuels containing flow improver additives.
5.2 The test method can be used to supplement other measurements of diesel fuel low temperature behavior (in accordance with Test Methods D97, D2500, and D3117).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers estimating the filterability of diesel fuels in some automotive equipment at low temperatures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.3, 9.1, 9.2.1, 9.3, 9.5, and Annex A1.
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Designation: D4539 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Filterability of Diesel Fuels by Low-Temperature Flow Test
1
(LTFT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4539; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3117Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate
3
Fuels (Withdrawn 2010)
1.1 This test method covers estimating the filterability of
D3699Specification for Kerosine
diesel fuels in some automotive equipment at low tempera-
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
tures.
Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Petroleum Products
standard.
D7962Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measure-
ment Drift
many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E1137SpecificationforIndustrialPlatinumResistanceTher-
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand mometers
E2251Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E2877Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
(http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional informa-
tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-
2.2 Coordinating Research Council, Inc.
containingproducts,orboth,inyourstatemaybeprohibitedby
CRC Report No. 528Diesel Fuel Low-Temperature Oper-
4
state law.
ability Field Test
2.3 Canadian General Standards Board:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the CAN/CGSB-3.0,No. 14.01-M86, Low Temperature Flow
5
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Test (LTFT) for Diesel Fuels
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 1—CAN/CGSB-3.0, No. 140.1-M86 is essentially equivalent to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
Test Method D4539, but the differences in apparatus and procedures may
warningstatements,see1.3,9.1,9.2.1,9.3,9.5,andAnnexA1.
or may not yield different results.
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions:
D97Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
3.1.1 digital contact thermometer (DCT), n—an electronic
D975Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
device consisting of a digital display and associated tempera-
D1655Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
ture sensing probe.
D2500Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This device consists of a temperature
and Liquid Fuels
sensor connected to a measuring instrument; this instrument
measures the temperature-dependent quantity of the sensor,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum
computes the temperature from the measured quantity, and
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
provides a digital output. This digital output goes to a digital
mittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4539–10. DOI:
3
10.1520/D4539-16. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Coordinating Research Council, Inc., 219 Perimeter Center
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30346.
5
the ASTM website. Available from CGSB Sales Centre, Ottawa, Canada K1A 1G6.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4539 − 16
FIG. 1 LTFT Sample Filtration Assembly
displayand/orrecordingdevicethatmaybeinternalorexternal 200mL 6 10 mL and 50mm to 60 mm ID or clear, heat
to the device. These devices are sometimes referred to as a resistant, tall form beakers with no pour spouts and equivalent
“digital thermometer.” dimensi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4539 − 10 D4539 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Filterability of Diesel Fuels by Low-Temperature Flow Test
1
(LTFT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4539; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers estimating the filterability of diesel fuels in some automotive equipment at low temperatures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.3, 8.19.1, 8.2.19.2.1, 8.39.3, 8.59.5, and Annex A1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
3
D3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate Fuels (Withdrawn 2010)
D3699 Specification for Kerosine
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measurement Drift
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
2.2 Coordinating Research Council, Inc.
4
CRC Report No. 528 Diesel Fuel Low-Temperature Operability Field Test
2.3 Canadian General Standards Board:
5
CAN/CGSB-3.0, No. 14.01-M86, Low Temperature Flow Test (LTFT) for Diesel Fuels
NOTE 1—CAN/CGSB-3.0, No. 140.1-M86 is essentially equivalent to Test Method D4539, but the differences in apparatus and procedures may or may
not yield different results.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07
on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2016. Published November 2010January 2017. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20092010
as D4539D4539 – 10.–09. DOI: 10.1520/D4539-10.10.1520/D4539-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from Coordinating Research Council, Inc., 219 Perimeter Center Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30346.
5
Available from CGSB Sales Centre, Ottawa, Canada K1A 1G6.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4539 − 16
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 digital contact thermometer (DCT), n—an electronic device consisting of a digital display and associated temperature
sensing probe.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
This device consists of a temperature sensor connected to a measuring instrument; this instrument measures the temperature-
dependent quantity of the sensor, computes the temperature from
...
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