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ASTM D7746-11

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests

Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Test Methods E119, E1529, and other standard fire resistance test methods specify that throughout the fire-resistance test, a constant superimposed load shall be applied to a load-bearing test specimen to simulate a maximum load condition. This superimposed load shall be the maximum load allowed by design under nationally recognized structural design criteria for the tested floor configuration (that is, joist selection, spacing, and span).  
For this Practice, the nationally recognized structural design criteria to be used to determine the maximum load condition are those for allowable stress design in the NDS (National Design Specification for Wood Construction).
Alternatively, the standard fire resistance test methods shall be permitted to be conducted by applying a load less than the maximum allowable load in 4.1.1 for the tested configuration; however, these tests shall be identified in the test report as being conducted under restricted loading conditions.
This practice describes procedures for calculating the superimposed load to be applied in standard fire resistance tests of wood floor-ceiling assemblies. Practice D6513 provides a similar methodology for calculating the superimposed load on wood-frame walls.
Statements in either the fire resistance test method standard or the nationally recognized structural design standard supersede any procedures described by this practice.  
The NDS shall be reviewed to ensure calculations are in compliance with all applicable provisions of that standard.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating the superimposed load required to be applied to load-bearing wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies throughout standard fire-resistance tests.
1.2 These calculations determine the maximum superimposed load to be applied to the floor-ceiling assembly during the fire resistance test. The maximum superimposed load, calculated in accordance with nationally-recognized structural design criteria, shall be designed to induce the maximum allowable stress in the wood floor-ceiling fire test configuration being tested.
1.3 This practice is only applicable to those wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies for which the nationally recognized structural design criteria are the NDS (National Design Specification for Wood Construction).
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Nov-2011
ICS
13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
79.080 - Semi-manufactures of timber
Technical Committee
D07 - Wood
Drafting Committee
D07.05 - Wood Assemblies
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D7746-11 - Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance TestsASTM D7746-11 - Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests
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ASTM D7746-11 - Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7746 − 11
StandardPractice for
Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-
Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7746; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6513Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on
Wood-frame Walls for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating the
E119Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
superimposed load required to be applied to load-bearing
and Materials
wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies throughout standard fire-
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
resistance tests.
E1529Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Hy-
1.2 These calculations determine the maximum superim-
drocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assem-
posed load to be applied to the floor-ceiling assembly during
blies
the fire resistance test. The maximum superimposed load,
2.2 Other Standards:
calculated in accordance with nationally-recognized structural
NDSNational Design Specification for Wood Construction
design criteria, shall be designed to induce the maximum
NDS SupplementDesign Values for Wood Construction
allowablestressinthewoodfloor-ceilingfiretestconfiguration
being tested.
3. Terminology
1.3 This practice is only applicable to those wood-frame
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used in this practice are in
floor-ceiling assemblies for which the nationally recognized
accordance with Terminology D9 and Terminology E176,
structural design criteria are the NDS (National Design Speci-
unless otherwise indicated.
fication for Wood Construction).
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
3.2.1 gross area, n—section area calculated from overall
whichprovideexplanatorymaterial.Thesenotesandfootnotes
actual dimensions of member.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
3.2.2 net section area, n—sectionareacalculatedbydeduct-
as requirements of the standard.
ing from the gross section area the projected area of all
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
materials removed by boring, grooving, dapping, notching, or
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
other means.
standard.
3.2.3 superimposed load, n—the additional external load
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
needed to be applied to the assembly to result in the calculated
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
stresses within the assembly when any dead load of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
assembly itself is accounted for in the calculations.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Test Methods E119, E1529, and other standard fire
resistance test methods specify that throughout the fire-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
resistancetest,aconstantsuperimposedloadshallbeappliedto
D9Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
a load-bearing test specimen to simulate a maximum load
ucts
condition. This superimposed load shall be the maximum load
allowed by design under nationally recognized structural
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood and
design criteria for the tested floor configuration (that is, joist
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.05 on Wood Assemblies.
selection, spacing, and span).
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2011. Published March 2012. DOI: 10.1520/
D7746–11.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmericanWood Council (AWC), 803 Sycolin Road, Suite 201,
the ASTM website. Leesburg, VA 20175, http://www.awc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7746 − 11
4.1.1 For this Practice, the nationally recognized structural Reference design values: M, V, R , E, EI , and K for I-joists
r I min
design criteria to be used to determine the maximum load are given in the product literature, or code evaluation report.
condition are those for allowable stress design in the NDS
6.2 Design Value Adjustments—Reference design values
(National Design Specification for Wood Construction).
shall be multiplied by all applicable adjustment factors to
4.1.2 Alternatively,thestandardfireresistancetestmethods
determine the adjusted design values. Additional adjustments
shallbepermittedtobeconductedbyapplyingaloadlessthan
may be required to address special design considerations for
the maximum allowable load in 4.1.1 for the tested configura-
the specific member type. Not all factors may be applicable to
tion;however,thesetestsshallbeidentifiedinthetestreportas
all product types.
being conducted under restricted loading conditions.
6.2.1 Bending—F for rectangular sections and M for
b
4.2 This practice describes procedures for calculating the I-joists shall be multiplied by all applicable NDS adjustment
superimposedloadtobeappliedinstandardfireresistancetests factors including: C , C , C, C , C , C , C , C, C , C .
D M t L F V fu i r c
of wood floor-ceiling assemblies. Practice D6513 provides a 6.2.2 Compression parallel to the grain, F , shall be multi-
c
similar methodology for calculating the superimposed load on plied by all applicable NDS adjustment factors including: C ,
D
wood-frame walls. C , C, C , C, and C .
M t F i P
6.2.3 Shear parallel to grain—F for rectangular sections
v
4.3 Statements in either the fire resistance test method
and V for I-joists shall be multiplied by all applicable NDS
standardorthenationallyrecognizedstructuraldesignstandard
adjustment factors including: C , C , C, C.
D M t i
supersede any procedures described by this practice.
6.2.4 Tension parallel to grain, F, shall be multiplied by all
t
4.4 TheNDSshallbereviewedtoensurecalculationsarein
applicable NDS adjustment factors including: C , C , C, C ,
D M t F
compliance with all applicable provisions of that standard.
C.
i
6.2.5 Bearing:
5. Test Assumptions
6.2.5.1 Compression perpendicular-to-grain—F for rect-
c'
5.1 Floor Assembly—For design considerations, wood-
angular sections shall be multiplied by all applicable NDS
frame floor-ceiling assemblies consist of horizontal structural
adjustment factors including: C , C, C, C .
M t i b
members(thatis,joists),thefloordeckingorsheathing,andthe
6.2.5.2 I-joist Reference Design Reaction—R ,shallbemul-
r
perimeter rim boards.
tipliedbyallapplicableNDSadjustmentfactorsincluding: C ,
D
C , C.
5.2 Loading Conditions—Horizontal framing members sup-
M t
6.2.6 Modulus of elasticity—E or E for rectangular sec-
port a vertical load that is uniformly distributed on the floor
min
tions and E and EI for I-joists shall be multiplied by all
assembly.Itisassumedthatloadapplicationsystemforthetest
I min
applicable NDS adjustment factors including: C , C, C, C .
distributes load between and along framing members in a
M t i T
manner consistent with a uniform load assumption and pro-
6.3 Adjustment Factors for Design Values—The following
vides load distribution to members that is representative of the
adjustment factors are to be assumed by default. If values less
end-use application.
thanthoselistedbelowareemployed,thentheappropriateload
restrictionshallbereportedinthetestreportandusedtoadjust
NOTE 1—The calculation procedure in this standard is not appropriate
the design bending and shear capacity in application:
for a test that uses a load application system that incorporates discrete
point load distribution beams or frames with spanning capabilities that
6.3.1 Load duration factor, C , is 1.0.
D
servetoartificiallyre-distributeloadfromafailingmembertotheadjacent
6.3.2 Wet service factor, C , is 1.0.
M
framing. Such a system would require a higher load to be applied that
6.3.3 Temperature factor, C, is 1.0.
t
considers the enhanced load-sharing between members provided by the
6.3.4 Beam stability factor, C , is 1.0 for a single span,
load frame and the departure from a uniform load condition.An example
L
of a system that conforms to the calculation assumption would be one in sheathed fire test assembly.
which each discrete load element (that is, dead weight pack, water barrel,
6.3.5 Size factor, C , is the value taken from tables in the
F
hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, etc.) is applied to the floor at not
NDS Supplement for the sawn lumber joist material in the test
more than two locations along the length of the framing by distribution
assembly.
beams that span across not more than three framing members.
6.3.6 Volume factor, C , per NDS provisions for glued-
V
5.3 Lateral or torsional end support, including but not
laminated timber members. The value of C for structural
v
limited to bridging, blocking, or bracing, shall be provided at
composite lumber shall be defined by the product literature or
pointsofbearingtopreventrotation.Whenadditionallateralor
code evaluation report.The value of C used shall be the value
v
torsional support is used away from the ends to enhance
for the joist material in the test assembly.
performance of the
...

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Standard Practice for Calculating the Superimposed Load on Wood-frame Floor-Ceiling Assemblies for Standard Fire-Resistance Tests

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Test Methods E119, E1529, and other standard fire resistance test methods specify that throughout the fire-resistance test, a constant superimposed load shall be applied to a load-bearing test specimen to simulate a maximum allowable load condition. This superimposed load shall be the maximum load allowed by design under nationally recognized structural design criteria for the tested floor configuration (that is, joist selection, spacing, and span).  
4.1.1 For this practice, the nationally recognized structural design criteria to be used to determine the maximum load condition are those for the allowable stress design (ASD) method in the NDS (National Design Specification for Wood Construction).
Note 1: The NDS should be used to ensure calculation of the superimposed load is in compliance with all applicable provisions of that standard. Appendix X1 describes how to calculate the superimposed load in accordance with the NDS.  
4.1.2 Alternatively, the standard fire resistance test methods shall be permitted to be conducted by applying a load less than the maximum allowable load in 4.1.1 for the tested configuration; however, these tests shall be identified in the test report as being conducted under restricted loading conditions.  
4.2 This practice describes procedures for calculating the superimposed load to be applied in standard fire resistance tests of wood floor-ceiling assemblies. Practice D6513 provides a similar methodology for calculating the superimposed load on wood-frame walls.  
4.3 Statements in either the fire resistance test method standard or the nationally recognized structural design standard supersede any procedures described by this practice.
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1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating the superimposed load required to be applied to load-bearing wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies throughout standard fire-resistance tests.  
1.2 These calculations determine the maximum superimposed load to be applied to the floor-ceiling assembly during the fire resistance test. The maximum superimposed load, calculated in accordance with nationally-recognized structural design criteria, shall be designed to induce the maximum allowable stress in the wood floor-ceiling fire test configuration being tested.  
1.3 This practice is only applicable to those wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies for which the nationally recognized structural design criteria are contained in the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS).  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Test Methods E119, E1529, and other standard fire resistance test methods specify that throughout the fire-resistance test, a constant superimposed load shall be applied to a load-bearing test specimen to simulate a maximum allowable load condition. This superimposed load shall be the maximum load allowed by design under nationally recognized structural design criteria for the tested floor configuration (that is, joist selection, spacing, and span).  
4.1.1 For this practice, the nationally recognized structural design criteria to be used to determine the maximum load condition are those for the allowable stress design (ASD) method in the NDS (National Design Specification for Wood Construction).
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4.1.2 Alternatively, the standard fire resistance test methods shall be permitted to be conducted by applying a load less than the maximum allowable load in 4.1.1 for the tested configuration; however, these tests shall be identified in the test report as being conducted under restricted loading conditions.  
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Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D5643/D5643M-06(2024)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Coal Tar Roof Cement, Asbestos Free

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems. The chemical composition of coal tar roof cement shall conform to the requirements prescribed. The water, non-volatile matter, insoluble matter, behaviour at 60 deg. C, adhesion to wet surfaces, and flash point shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6152/D6152M-12(2024)(Specification)
Standard Specification for SEBS-Modified Mopping Asphalt Used in Roofing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene)-modified mopping asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roofing systems. This specification is intended as a material specification and issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope. The specified tests and property values are intended to establish minimum properties. In place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification. The base asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum and the SEBS-modified asphalt shall incorporate sufficient SEBS as the primary polymeric modifier. The SEBS modified asphalt shall be homogeneous and free of water and shall conform to the prescribed physical properties including (1) softening point before and after heat exposure, (2) softening point change, (3) flash point, (4) penetration before and after heat exposure, (5) penetration change, (6) solubility in trichloroethylene, (7) tensile elongation, (8) elastic recovery, and (9) low temperature flexibility. The sampling and test methods to determine compliance with the specified physical properties, as well as the evaluation for stability during heat exposure are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene)-modified asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems.  
1.2 This specification is intended as a material specification. Issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope.  
1.3 The specified tests and property values used to characterize SEBS-modified asphalt are intended to establish minimum properties. In-place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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