ASTM D7095-04(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip
Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most of which are removed during refining. However, of the sulfur compounds remaining in the petroleum product, some can have a corroding action on various metals, including copper, and this corrosivity is not necessarily related to the total sulfur content. The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur compounds present. This copper foil strip corrosion test is designed to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleum product towards copper and copper-containing alloys using a shorter test duration than that specified in Test Method D130.
Some sulfur species may become corrosive to copper only at higher temperatures. Thus, higher test temperatures, particularly 100°C (212°F), may be used to test some products by the pressure vessel procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corrosiveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel, automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, or other hydrocarbons having a vapor pressure no greater than 124 kPa (18 psi), cleaners (for example, Stoddard solvent), kerosine, diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and other petroleum products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1, 10.1.1, and Annex A2.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D7095 − 04(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from
Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7095; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is similar in nature to theTest Method D130 test method, but involves three major
differences. Firstly, a single-use copper foil strip is used in place of the Test Method D130 multi-use
copper strip. Secondly, a different polishing technique is used in preparing the copper foil strip, which
uses a commercially available scouring-pad in place of the initial and final polishing techniques
described in Test Method D130. Thirdly, this test method involves a shorter analysis time of 45
minutes for all product types as compared to the Test Method D130 method requirements, which are
longer; for example, two or three hours.
1. Scope leum Products by Copper Strip Test
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corro-
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
siveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel,
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, or other hydrocarbons
D1838 TestMethodforCopperStripCorrosionbyLiquefied
having a vapor pressure no greater than 124 kPa (18 psi),
Petroleum (LP) Gases
cleaners (for example, Stoddard solvent), kerosine, diesel fuel,
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and other petroleum products.
Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
Petroleum Products
tion only.
D6615 Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Fuel
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3. Summary of Test Method
warning statements, see 6.1, 10.1.1, and Annex A2.
3.1 A polished copper foil strip is immersed in a specific
2. Referenced Documents
volume of the sample being tested and heated under conditions
oftemperatureandtimethatarespecifictotheclassofmaterial
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, being tested. At the end of the heating period, the copper foil
strip is removed, washed, and the color and tarnish level
and Rolled Bar
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro- assessed against the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.
4. Significance and Use
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
4.1 Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most of
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
which are removed during refining. However, of the sulfur
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
compoundsremaininginthepetroleumproduct,somecanhave
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published February 2010. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D7095-04. DOI:
10.1520/D7095-04R09.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request Adjunct No.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained from
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London,WIM 8AR, United Kingdom. One
the ASTM website. Master Standard is held at Energy Institute for reference.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7095 − 04 (2009)
acorrodingactiononvariousmetals,includingcopper,andthis
corrosivity is not necessarily related to the total sulfur content.
The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur
compounds present. This copper foil strip corrosion test is
designed to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a
petroleum product towards copper and copper-containing al-
loys using a shorter test duration than that specified in Test
Method D130.
4.2 Some sulfur species may become corrosive to copper
only at higher temperatures. Thus, higher test temperatures,
particularly 100°C (212°F), may be used to test some products
by the pressure vessel procedure.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Copper Foil Strip Corrosion Test Pressure Vessel, con-
structed from stainless steel according to the dimensions given
in Fig. 1. The vessel shall be capable of withstanding a test
pressure of 700 kPa gage (100 psi).Alternative designs for the
vessel’s cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used provided
that the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as those
shown in Fig. 1.The internal dimensions of the pressure vessel
are such that a nominal 25 by 150 mm (1 by 6 in.) test tube can
be placed inside the pressure vessel.
5.2 Test Tubes, of borosilicate glass with nominal dimen-
sions of 25 by 150 mm (1 by 6 in.). The internal dimensions
shall be checked as acceptable by use of a copper foil strip (see
6.3). When 30 mL of liquid is added to the test tube with the
copper foil strip in it, a minimum of 5 mm of liquid shall be
above the top surface of the copper foil strip.
5.3 Test Baths:
5.3.1 General—All test baths, whether liquid or solid block,
shall be capable of maintaining the test temperature to within
6 1°C (2°F) of the required test temperature, for the entire
duration of the test.
5.3.2 Bath(s) Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)—
Bath(s)shallbedeepenoughtosubmergeoneormorepressure
vessels (see 5.1) completely during the test. It shall be fitted
with suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel in a vertical
position when submerged.
5.3.3 Bath(s) Used for Test Tubes—Bath(s) shall be fitted
with suitable supports to hold each test tube (see 5.2)ina
vertical position to a depth of about 100 mm (4 in.) as
NOTE 1—Material: stainless steel; welded construction; maximum test
measured from the bottom of the test tube to the bath surface.
gage pressure: 700 kPa
As a liquid bath medium, water and oil have been found
NOTE 2—Key:
satisfactory and controllable at the specified test temperature
1 Lifting eye
2 Wide groove for pressure relief
and duration required by the test procedure. Solid block baths
3 Knurled cap
shall meet the test temperature control, test duration, and
4 Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equivalent
immersion conditions required by the test procedure, and shall
5 Camber inside cap to protect “O” ring when closing pressure vessel
be checked for temperature measurement (heat transfer) for
6 Synthetic rubber “O” ring without free sulfur
each product class by running tests on tubes filled with 30 mL 7 Seamless tube
NOTE 3—Dimensions in millimetres.
of product plus a copper foil strip of the given nominal
NOTE 4—All dimensions without tolerance limits are nominal values.
dimensions, plus a temperature sensor.
FIG. 1 Pressure Vessel for the Copper Foil Strip Corrosion Test
5.4 Temperature Sensing and Monitoring Device (TSMD),
capable of sensing and monitoring the desired test temperature
in the bath to within an accuracy of 6 1°C (2°F) or better. The test. If used, no more than 10 mm (0.4 in.) of the mercury
ASTM 12C (12F) (see Specification E1) or IP64C (64F) total should extend above the surface of the bath at the test
immersion thermometer has been found suitable for use in the temperature.
D7095 − 04 (2009)
5.5 Timing Device, electronic or manual, capable of accu- 6.4 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves or Forceps
rately measuring the test duration within the allowable toler- (with either Stainless Steel or Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE))
ance. Tips, for use in protecting the copper foil strip from coming in
contact with the individual during handling or polishing, or
5.6 Forceps, with either stainless steel or polytetrafluoro-
both.
ethylene (PTFE) tips, have been found suitable for use in
handling the copper foil strips.
7. Corrosion Standards
5.7 Optional Equipment:
7.1 ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards consist of
5.7.1 Polishing Vise, for holding the copper foil strip firmly
reproductions in color of typical test strips representing in-
without marring the edges while polishing. Any convenient
creasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion, the reproductions
typeofholder(seeX1.2)maybeused,providedthatthecopper
beingencasedforprotectioninplasticandmadeupintheform
foil strip is held tightly and that the surface of the copper foil
of a plaque.
strip being polished is supported above the surface of the
7.1.1 Keep the plastic-encased ASTM Copper Strip Corro-
holder.
sion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibility of
5.7.2 Viewing Tubes, flat glass test tubes, are convenient for
fading. Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,
protecting corroded copper foil strips for close inspection or
one of which has been carefully protected from light (for
storage (see X1.1 for the description of a flat-glass viewing
example, new plaque). Observe both sets in diffused daylight
tube).Theviewingtubeshallbeofsuchdimensionsastoallow
(or equivalent) first from a point directly above and then from
the introduction of a copper foil strip (see 6.3) and made of
an angle of 45°. If any evidence of fading is observed,
glass free of striae or similar defects.
particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque, it is suggested
6. Reagents and Materials
that the one that is the more faded with respect to the other be
6.1 Wash Solvent—Any volatile, less than 5 mg/kg sulfur
discarded.
hydrocarbon solvent may be used, provided that it shows no
7.1.1.1 Alternatively,placeasuitablysizedopaquestrip(for
tarnish at all when tested for3hat 50°C (122°F). 2,2,4- 3
example, 20 mm ( ⁄4 in.) black electrical tape) across the top of
trimethylpentane(isooctane)ofminimum99.75 %purityisthe
the colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased. At
referee solvent and should be used in case of dispute.
intervals remove the opaque strip and observe. When there is
(Warning—Extremely flammable; see A2.1).
any evidence of fading of the exposed portion, the standards
shall be replaced.
6.2 Surface Preparation / Polishing Materials—Scouring-
7.1.1.2 These plaques are full-color reproductions of typical
pad made of polyester material that is free of detergents or
spongy material, containing aluminum oxide as a scouring-aid. strips. They have been printed on aluminum sheets by a
4,5
four-color process and are encased in plastic for protection.
3M Scotch Brite 86 (3M No. 05509), approximately 400-
grit, green-colored, heavy-duty, hand-pad, has been found Directions for their use are given on the reverse side of each
plaque.
suitable for use. Other commercially available 400-grit pads
may be used, provided those are also made of polyester 7.1.2 If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessive
scratching, it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.
material, free of detergents or spongy material, containing
aluminum oxide as a scouring-aid.
NOTE 1—3M Scotch Brite 86 pads are generally available in the form
8. Samples
of 229 by 152 by 9.5 mm (9 by 6 by ⁄8 in.) thick pads. For ease of
8.1 In accordance with Practice D4057 or Practice D4177,
handling and polishing, it is recommended that the pads be cut so that the
dimensions of the scouring-pads are about 114 by 38 by 9.5 mm (4- ⁄2 by or both, it is particularly important that all types of fuel
1 3
1- ⁄2 by ⁄8 in.).
samples that pass a low-tarnish strip classification, be collected
6.3 Copper Foil Strips—Use copper foil strips approxi- in clean, dark glass bottles, plastic bottles, or other suitable
mately 12.5 mm ( ⁄2 in.) wide, and 0.526 to 0.541 mm (0.0207 containers that will not affect the corrosive properties of the
to 0.0213 in.) thick. Cut, straight and smooth, using a sharp fuel. Avoid the use of tin-plate containers for collection of
5,6
tin-snip or any other metal-cutting device approximately 75
samples, since experience has shown that they can contribute
mm (3 in.) long strips, from a 30.5 m (100 ft) roll of to the corrosiveness of the sample.
soft-temper, commercial gradeAlloy 110, composed of 99.9 %
8.2 Fill the containers as completely as possible and close
5,7
copper, meeting Specification B152/B152M specifications.
themimmediatelyaftertakingthesample.Adequateheadspace
Discard copper foil strip after each single use.
in the container is necessary to provide room for possible
thermal expansion during transport. It is recommended that
The sole source of supply of the apparatus, Cat. No. 19-047-249, known to the
volatile samples be filled between 70 and 80 % of the contain-
committee at this time is Fisher Scientific Co., USA (www.fishersci.com).
er’s capacity. Exercise care during sampling to protect the
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
samples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffused
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
daylight. Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt in
The sole source of supply of the heavy-duty 6 in. shear, Part No. 82818, known
the laboratory and immediately after opening the container.
to the committee at this time is Micro-mark, 340 SnyderAve., Berkeley Heights, NJ
07922-1595, USA.
8.3 If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in the
The sole source of supply of the apparatus, Part No. 9053K21, known to the
sample, dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample through
committeeatthistimeisMcMaster-CarrSupplyCompany,P.O.Box4355,Chicago,
IL 60680-4355, USA. a medium rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, dry
D7095 − 04 (2009)
test tube. Carry out this operation in a darkened room or under samples,suchasthosewithvaporpressures>80kPaat37.8°C
a light-protected shield. (100°F) (see 10.3.1.2).
8.3.1 Contact of the coppe
...
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