ASTM C1753-15

Standard Practice for Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a means of assessing the relative early hydration performance of various test mixtures compared with control mixtures that are prepared in a similar manner.  
5.2 Thermal profiles are used to evaluate the hydration behavior of hydraulic cementitious mixtures after the addition of water. They may provide indications concerning setting characteristics, compatibility of different materials, sulfate balance, relative heat of hydration, and early strength development. They can be used to evaluate the effects of compositions, proportions, and time of addition of materials as well as the initial mixture and test temperatures. Thermal profile testing is an effective tool for identifying performance sensitivities or trends, and may help to reduce the number of concrete test mixtures required to develop and qualify mixtures, especially those to be subject to variable ambient environments. It may be used by concrete producers, materials suppliers, and other practitioners to support mixture development, selection of material types or sources, optimization of proportions, or troubleshooting of field problems.  
5.3 This practice can be used to understand concrete problems related to slump loss, setting, and early strength, but results may not predict field concrete performance. Performance verification with concrete is needed to quantify the trends identified using thermal testing.  
5.4 This practice can be used to evaluate the effects of chemical admixtures on the thermal profiles of cementitious mixtures. This can be especially useful in selecting dosages appropriate for different ambient conditions.  
5.5 Thermal measurement testing as described in this practice may have similar significance and use as isothermal calorimetry described by Practice C1679 or some types of near-adiabatic calorimetry. The selection of which practice or methods to use may depend on specific applications and circumstances. The thermal profiles obtained by this practic...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the apparatus and procedure for evaluating relative differences in early hydration of hydraulic cementitious mixtures such as paste, mortar, or concrete, including those containing chemical admixtures, various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and other finely divided materials, by measuring the temperature history of a specimen.  
1.2 Calorimetry is the measurement of heat lost or gained during a chemical reaction such as cement hydration; calorimetric measurements as a function of time can be used to describe and evaluate hydration and related early-age property development. Calorimetry may be performed under isothermal conditions (as described in Practice C1679) or under adiabatic or semi-adiabatic conditions. This practice cannot be described as calorimetry because no attempt is made to measure or compute the heat evolved from test specimens due to hydration, but it can in many cases be used for similar evaluations. Variables that should be considered in the application of this practice are discussed in the Appendix.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2015
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.48 - Performance of Cementitious Materials and Admixture Combinations

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1753 −15
StandardPractice for
Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious
1
Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1753; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged
1. Scope
2
exposure.
1.1 This practice describes the apparatus and procedure for
2. Referenced Documents
evaluating relative differences in early hydration of hydraulic
3
cementitious mixtures such as paste, mortar, or concrete, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C39/C39MTest Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
including those containing chemical admixtures, various
drical Concrete Specimens
supplementarycementitiousmaterials(SCMs),andotherfinely
C125Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
divided materials, by measuring the temperature history of a
gregates
specimen.
C172/C172MPractice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-
1.2 Calorimetry is the measurement of heat lost or gained
crete
during a chemical reaction such as cement hydration; calori-
C192/C192MPracticeforMakingandCuringConcreteTest
metric measurements as a function of time can be used to
Specimens in the Laboratory
describe and evaluate hydration and related early-age property
C219Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
development. Calorimetry may be performed under isothermal
C305Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
conditions (as described in Practice C1679) or under adiabatic
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
orsemi-adiabaticconditions.Thispracticecannotbedescribed
C403/C403MTest Method for Time of Setting of Concrete
as calorimetry because no attempt is made to measure or
Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
compute the heat evolved from test specimens due to
C494/C494MSpecification for Chemical Admixtures for
hydration, but it can in many cases be used for similar
Concrete
evaluations. Variables that should be considered in the appli- C1005Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
cation of this practice are discussed in the Appendix. Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
C1679Practice for Measuring Hydration Kinetics of Hy-
pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The
draulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Isothermal Calorim-
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
etry
therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
3. Terminology
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
conformancewiththestandard.SomevalueshaveonlySIunits
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
practice, refer to Terminology C125, Terminology C219, and
Practice C1679.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.2.1 adiabatic, adj—occurring without exchange of heat
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- with the environment.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2 exotherm, n—heat evolution during hydration as evi-
denced by an increase in measured specimen temperature
NOTE 1—Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
shown in the thermal profile.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.48on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Performance of Cementitious Materials and Admixture Combinations. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1753-15 the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1753−15
3.2.3 inert specimen, n—specimen placed within the same 3.2.9 test temperature, n—the temperature of the air or
thermal environment as the test specimen(s), made of a insulation, if any, surrounding the test specimen containers at
nonreactive material of similar heat capacity and the same
the start of temperature
...