ASTM F144-80(2010)

Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The term “reference” as employed in this practice implies that either the glass or the metal of the reference glass-metal seal will be a “standard reference material” such as those supplied for other physical tests by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or a secondary reference material whose sealing characteristics have been determined by seals to a standard reference material (see NBS Special Publication 260). Until standard reference materials for seals are established by the NIST, secondary reference materials may be agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and testing of a reference glass-metal sandwich seal for determining stress in the glass or for determining the degree of thermal expansion (or contraction) mismatch between the glass and metal. Tests are in accordance with Test Method F218 (Section 2).
1.2 This practice applies to all glass and metal (or alloy) combinations normally sealed together in the production of electronic components.
1.3 The practical limit of the test in deriving mismatch is approximately 300 ppm, above which the glass is likely to fracture.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2010
• ICS: 21.140 - Seals, glands
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.04 - Physical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F144-80(2005) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM F144-80(2015) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 01-May-2015
• Referred By: ASTM F15-04(2022) - Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F105-72(2019) - Standard Specification for Type 58 Borosilicate Sealing Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F79-69(2019) - Standard Specification for Type 101 Sealing Glass
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F256-05(2020) - Standard Specification for Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloys with 18 or 28 Percent Chromium (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F30-96(2017) - Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel Sealing Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F31-21 - Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F144 −80(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Practice for
Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing
1
for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF144;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 18 or 28 Percent Chromium
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and testing of a
3. Summary of Practice
reference glass-metal sandwich seal for determining stress in
3.1 Seals of a standard configuration are prepared from
the glass or for determining the degree of thermal expansion
representative specimens of the glass and metal to be tested.
(or contraction) mismatch between the glass and metal. Tests
The glass and metal are cleaned, treated, and sized to specified
are in accordance with Test Method F218 (Section 2).
proportions. Plane-interfaced seals are formed, annealed, and
1.2 This practice applies to all glass and metal (or alloy)
measured for residual optical retardation. The stress parallel to
combinations normally sealed together in the production of
the interface in each seal is calculated from the optical
electronic components.
retardation, and the average stress and thermal expansion
1.3 The practical limit of the test in deriving mismatch is mismatch are computed for the sample.
approximately 300 ppm, above which the glass is likely to
4. Significance and Use
fracture.
4.1 The term “reference” as employed in this practice
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
implies that either the glass or the metal of the reference
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
glass-metal seal will be a “standard reference material” such as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
those supplied for other physical tests by the National Institute
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ofStandardsandTechnology,orasecondaryreferencematerial
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
whose sealing characteristics have been determined by seals to
a standard reference material (see NBS Special Publication
2. Referenced Documents
2 260). Until standard reference materials for seals are estab-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lished by the NIST, secondary reference materials may be
F15 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing Alloy
agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
F30 Specification for Iron-Nickel Sealing Alloys
F31 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron SealingAlloys
5. Apparatus
F47 Test Method for Crystallographic Perfection of Silicon
3
5.1 Polarimeter, as specified in Test Method F218 for
by Preferential Etch Techniques (Withdrawn 1998)
measuring optical retardation and analyzing stress in glass.
F79 Specification for Type 101 Sealing Glass
F105 Specification for Type 58 Borosilicate Sealing Glass 5.2 Cut-Off Saw, with diamond-impregnated wheel and No.
F218 Test Method for Measuring Optical Retardation and 180 grit abrasive blade under flowing coolant for cutting and
Analyzing Stress in Glass fine-grinding glass rod.
F256 Specification for Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloys with
5.3 Glass Polisher, buffing wheel with cerium oxide polish-
ing powder or laboratory-type equipment with fine-grinding
and polishing laps.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and
Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.04 on Physical
5.4 Heat-Treating and Oxidizing Furnaces, with suitable
and Mechanical Properties.
controls and with provisions for appropriate atmospheres
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
(Annex A1) for preconditioning metal, if required.
approved in 1971T. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F144 – 80 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/F0144-80R10.
5.5 Sealing Furnace, radiant tube, muffle or r-f induction
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
with suitable controls and provision for use with inert atmo-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on sphere.
the ASTM website.
3
5.6 Annealing Furnace, with capability of controlled cool-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. ing.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F144−80 (2010)
5.7 Ultrasonic Cleaner, optional.
5.8 Fixture for Furnace Sealing, design as suggested in
Annex A2.
FIG. 2 General Seal Configuration.
5.9 M
...