ASTM C830-00(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Liquid Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Refractory Shapes by Vacuum Pressure
Standard Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Liquid Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Refractory Shapes by Vacuum Pressure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Apparent porosity, water absorption, apparent specific gravity, and bulk density are primary properties of refractory shapes. These properties are widely used in the evaluation and comparison of product quality and as part of the criteria for selection and use of refractory products in a variety of industrial applications. These test methods are used for determining any or all of these properties and are particularly useful for testing hydratable products.
3.2 These test methods are primary standard methods that are suitable for use in quality control, research and development, establishing criteria for and evaluating compliance with specifications, and providing data for design purposes.
3.3 Fundamental assumptions inherent in these test methods are:
3.3.1 The test specimens conform to the requirements for size, configuration, and original faces,
3.3.2 The open pores of the test specimens are fully impregnated with liquid during the vacuum-pressure treatment, and
3.3.3 The blotting of the saturated test specimens is performed as specified in a consistent and uniform manner to avoid withdrawing liquid from the pores.
3.3.4 Deviation from any of these assumptions adversely affects the test results.
3.4 In laboratory studies involving castable specimen, a bias was noted between formed 2 in. by 2 in. by 2 in. (50 mm by 50 mm by 50 mm) and specimens quartered from larger 9 in. by 4.5 in. by 2.5 in. (228 mm by 114 mm by 64 mm) cast specimens. Additionally, an error in the apparent porosity determination was found on castables whenever the specimens were heated to 1500 °F (816 °C) and then exposed to water as a saturation media. The error was attributed to reactivity of cement with water and subsequent re-hydration of cement phases. The higher the cement level of the castable, the greater the error noted. It was concluded that an error in porosity values could occur for refractory materials having a potential to form hydrated species with water. T...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the following properties of refractory shapes:
1.1.1 Apparent porosity,
1.1.2 Liquid absorption,
1.1.3 Apparent specific gravity, and
1.1.4 Bulk density.
1.2 These test methods are applicable to all refractory shapes except those that chemically react with both water and mineral spirits. When testing a material capable of hydration or other chemical reaction with water but which does not chemically react with mineral spirits, mineral spirits is substituted for water and appropriate corrections for the density differences are applied when making calculations.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The apparatus used in this standard is only available in SI units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Test Methods C20 cover procedures for testing properties of refractories that are not attacked by water.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C830 − 00 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Methods for
Apparent Porosity, Liquid Absorption, Apparent Specific
Gravity, and Bulk Density of Refractory Shapes by Vacuum
1
Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C830; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
following properties of refractory shapes: C20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption,
1.1.1 Apparent porosity, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned
1.1.2 Liquid absorption, Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
1.1.3 Apparent specific gravity, and C134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
1.1.4 Bulk density. and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
Firebrick
1.2 These test methods are applicable to all refractory
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
shapes except those that chemically react with both water and
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
mineral spirits. When testing a material capable of hydration or
other chemical reaction with water but which does not chemi-
3. Significance and Use
cally react with mineral spirits, mineral spirits is substituted for
3.1 Apparent porosity, water absorption, apparent specific
water and appropriate corrections for the density differences
gravity, and bulk density are primary properties of refractory
are applied when making calculations.
shapes. These properties are widely used in the evaluation and
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
comparison of product quality and as part of the criteria for
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
selection and use of refractory products in a variety of
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
industrial applications. These test methods are used for deter-
information only and are not considered standard.
mining any or all of these properties and are particularly useful
1.3.1 Exception—The apparatus used in this standard is only
for testing hydratable products.
available in SI units.
3.2 These test methods are primary standard methods that
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
are suitable for use in quality control, research and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
development, establishing criteria for and evaluating compli-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ance with specifications, and providing data for design pur-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
poses.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.3 Fundamental assumptions inherent in these test methods
NOTE 1—Test Methods C20 cover procedures for testing properties of
are:
refractories that are not attacked by water.
3.3.1 The test specimens conform to the requirements for
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
size, configuration, and original faces,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.3.2 The open pores of the test specimens are fully impreg-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
nated with liquid during the vacuum-pressure treatment, and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.3.3 The blotting of the saturated test specimens is per-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
formed as specified in a consistent and uniform manner to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
avoid withdrawing liquid from the pores.
3.3.4 Deviation from any of these assumptions adversely
affects the test results.
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
Refractories and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on Physical
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Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C830 – 00 (2016). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C0830-00R23. the ASTM website.
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C830 − 00 (2023)
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