ASTM G131-96(2016)e1

Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is suitable for the removal of contaminants found on materials, parts, and components used in systems requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen. Parts shall have been precleaned to remove visible contaminants prior to using this procedure. Softgoods such as seals and valve seats may be cleaned without precleaning.  
5.2 This procedure may also be used as the cleanliness verification technique for coupons used during cleaning effectiveness tests as in Test Method G122.  
5.3 The cleaning efficiency has been shown to vary with the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. Low frequencies in the 20 to 25 kilohertz range have been found to damage soft metals such as aluminum and silver. Therefore, the specifications of the unit and the frequencies available must be considered in order to optimize the cleaning conditions without damaging the parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the cleaning of materials and components used in systems requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen, by ultrasonic techniques.  
1.2 This practice may be used for cleaning small parts, components, softgoods, etc.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2016
• ICS: 03.080.10 - Maintenance services. Facilities management
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: G131 − 96 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic
Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in May 2017.
1. Scope Cleaning Solvents Using the Solvent Purity Meter (With-
drawn 1987)
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the cleaning of
F331 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Ex-
materials and components used in systems requiring a high
tract from Aerospace Components (Using Flash Evapora-
level of cleanliness, such as oxygen, by ultrasonic techniques.
tor)
1.2 This practice may be used for cleaning small parts,
G121 Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Cou-
components, softgoods, etc.
pons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard. G122 Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of
Cleaning Agents
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 contaminant (contamination), n—unwanted molecular
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
and particulate matter that could affect or degrade the perfor-
tionary statements are given in Note 1.
mance of the components upon which they reside.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 contaminate, v—a process of applying a contaminant.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.3 control coupon (witness coupon), n—a coupon made
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
from the same material and prepared in exactly the same way
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
as the test coupons, which is used to verify the validity of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
method or part thereof.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—In this practice, the control coupon will
2. Referenced Documents
be contaminated in the same manner as the test coupons and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
will be subjected to the identical cleaning procedure.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.1.4 degas, v—the process of removing gases from a liquid.
E1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
3.1.5 nonvolatile residue (NVR), n—residual molecular and
volatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled
particulate matter remaining following the filtration and con-
Areas for Spacecraft
trolled evaporation of a solvent containing contaminants.
F311 Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for
Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Fil- 3.1.6 particle (particulate contaminant), n—a piece of mat-
ters ter in a solid state with observable length, width, and thickness.
F324 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Volatile 3.1.6.1 Discussion—The size of a particle is usually defined
by its greatest dimension and is specified in micrometres.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compat-
4. Summary of Practice
ibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the
4.1 A part, material or component is placed in a container
direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally
containing the cleaning agent. This container is then placed in
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as G131 – 96 (2008).
an ultrasonic cleaner and treated for a given period of time at
DOI: 10.1520/G0131-96R16E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
G131 − 96 (2016)
handling procedures, particularly in open tanks. Many solvents are not
the recommended temperature for the cleaning agent. This
considered to be compatible with oxygen and must be completely
results in a solution if the contaminant is soluble in the test
removed from cleaned components prior to the use of these components
fluid or a emulsion if the contaminant is not soluble in the test
in oxygen systems. The preferred method of removal shall be determined
fluid. The cleaning solution combined with the rinse solutions
by the user.
may then be analyzed for particulate, NVR, or total carbon
7.2 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
(TC).
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
4.1.1 In the case of aqueous-based agents, the parts are
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
rinsed after the removal from the cleaning bath and ultrasoni-
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
cally cleaned in reagent water to provide a solution for TC
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used,
analysis using G TC.
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
4.1.2 In the case of solvent-based agents, the parts are rinsed
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
with fresh solvent, which is collected and combined with the
the determination. Detergents used shall be identified by
solvent used in the cleaning process, and the NVR determined
manufacturer and name (registered trademark, if any).
using Test Method E1235, Test Method F324, or Test Method
7.3 Purity of Water—The water used shall meet the require-
F331, as appropriate.
ments of Specification D1193, Type II.
4.1.3 Particulate analyses may be performed by filtering the
final cleaning solution. The particles captured by the filter are
8. Procedure
then counted using Practice F311.
8.1 Sample Preparation:
5. Significance and Use 8.1.1 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on control
or test coupons, prepare the coupons in accordance with
5.1 This practice is suitable for the removal of contaminants
Practice G121.
found on materials, parts, and components used in systems
8.1.2 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on small
requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen. Parts
parts, measure the total surface area (S) in square centimetres
shall have been precleaned to remove visible contaminants
or the mass in grams, or both, as applicable, to the nearest tenth
prior to using this procedure. Softgoods such as seals and valve
of a milligram (M1). Record the surface area (S) and mass
seats may be cleaned without precleaning.
(M1).
5.2 This procedure may also be used as the cleanliness
8.2 Preliminary Procedure:
verification technique for coupons used during cleaning effec-
8.2.1 If a cleaning agent is being used that requires dilution
tiveness tests as in Test Method G122.
or special preparation, carefully follow the manufacturer’s
5.3 The cleaning efficiency has been shown to vary with the
instructions. Use Type II water to prepare the aqueous cleaning
frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. Low
agent solutions or as the actual cleaning agent.
frequencies in the 20 to 25 kilohertz range have been found to
NOTE 3—It has been found that many common hydrocarbon based
damage soft metals such as aluminum and silver. Therefore, the
lubricants are effectively removed to acceptable levels using Type II water
specifications of the unit and the frequencies available must be
at 50 to 55 °C. Contaminants more difficult to remove, such as fluorinated
considered in order to optimize the cleaning conditions without
or silicone based lubricants, have typically been found to require the use
damaging the parts.
of surface active agents. Use Test Method G122 to evaluate the cleaning
effectiveness of the proposed cleaning agent.
6. Apparatus
8.2.2 Fill the ultrasonic bath to the level specified by the
6.1 Ultrasonic Cleaner, with an operating frequency range
manufacturer with water. Place the support bracket in the
between 25 and 90 kHz, a typical power range between 10 and
ultrasonic bath, heat the ultrasonic bath to the desired
25 W/L, and a temperature-controlled bath capable of main-
temperature, and degas the water for 10 min.
taining a temperature between ambient and 70°C with an
8.2.3 Clean the stainless steel sample parts pan to be used.
accuracy of 2°C.
Conduct the sampling procedure using the selected cleaning
agent without parts to verify the cleanliness of the parts pan.
6.2 Parts Pans, stainless steel container with volumes
Use the same sampling and analysis procedures that will be
between 1 and 4 L.
used on the actual parts. Determine the contamination level of
6.3 Bracket, stainless steel device capable of supporting the
the parts pan, the blank value (B), which shall be less than the
parts pans in the ultrasonic bath.
allowable contamination level for the items being cleaned or
NOTE 1—The bracket should be designed to hang in the ultrasonic bath extracted. If the contamination level of the parts pan is greater
without contact with the bottom.
than that specified for the parts, reclean the parts pan until the
contamination level is less than the allowable contamination
7. Reagents
specified for the parts.
7.1 Solvents such as the following may be used: tetrachlo-
roethylene (perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, methylene
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
chloride, and perfluorinated carbon fluids. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
NOTE 2—Warning: Solvents such as tetrachloroethylene
Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
(perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, and methylene chloride have rela-
and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
tive low threshold limit values and the user should refer to appropriate safe MD.
´1
G131 − 96 (2016)
8.3 Cleaning Procedure: Test Method E1235, Test Methods F324, or F331. Ensure that
8.3.1 Place the material or part(s) being cleaned in the the reported NVR is adjusted to subtract the NVR of an
stainless steel parts pan. equivalent volume of “blank” solvent.
8.3.2 Pour a measured amount of the cleaning agent into the
8.5 Sampling Procedure for Aqueous Cleaned Materials
stainless steel cleaning pan sufficient to cover the parts. Cover
and Parts
the parts pan with aluminum foil or a stainless steel lid, place
8.5.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and
the parts pan in the bracket in the ultrasonic bath, adjust the
remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the Type II water.
water level in the bath such that it is above the cleaning agent
8.5.2 After swirling, quickly decant the Type II water from
level in the parts pan, and allow the cleaning agent and bath
the parts pan.
temperature to equilibrate to the desired cleaning temperature.
8.5.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of Type II
Alternatively, preheat the parts pan and cleaning agent prior to
water in three roughly equal portions and combine with the
the placement of the materials or parts into the parts pan. Then
Type II water from 8.5.2.
cover the parts pan with foil and place into the bracket in the
8.5.4 Use the combined volumes of water from 8.5.3 to
bath and allow the cleaning agent to equilibrate to the
determine the TC of the sample using G TC.
temperature of the bath.
8.3.2.1 Cleaning agent to parts surface area ratio shall not 9. Report
2 2
exceed 1000 mL/0.1 m ; the preferred ratio is 500 mL/0.1 m .
9.1 Report the following information:
8.3.3 Clean the parts in the ultrasonic bath for 10 min. If an
9.1.1 Identification of the part or material being cleaned
aqueous detergent or surfactant solution was used for cleaning,
(including tradename, part number, serial number, proper
thoroughly rinse the parts with Type II water and then perform
chemical name, ASTM designation, lot number, batch number,
the ultrasonic procedure with fresh Type II water. Perform the
and manufacturer),
sampling procedure as soon as possible within a maximum
9.1.2 Cleaning reagent;
time limit of 120 min after turning off the ultrasonic cleaner.
9.1.3 Cleaning time;
8.4 Sampling Procedure for Solvent Cleaned Parts: 9.1.4 Cleaning temperature;
8.4.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and
9.1.5 Frequency of the ultrasonic bath, kHz;
remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the solvent. 9.1.6 Power density of the ultrasonic cleaner, W/L;
8.4.2 After swirling, quickly decant the solvent from the 9.1.7 Volume of cleaning reagent used;
parts pan. 9.1.8 Mass (M1) of parts cleaned, g;
9.1.9 Surface area, cm ; and
8.4.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of fresh
solvent in three roughly equal portions and combine with the 9.1.10 Mass (M2) of thr NVR, g.
solvent decanted from 8.4.2. Determine the particulate con-
10. Keywords
tamination analysis using Practice F311. Use the filtrate from
the particulate analysis as the sample for NVR analysis.
10.1 cleaning; contamination; contaminant; nonvolatile
8.4.4 Determine and record the mass (M ) of the nonvolatile residue; NVR; oxygen systems; TC; total carbon; ultrasonic
residue in milligrams to the nearest tenth of a milligram using cleaning
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. SELECTION OF ULTRASONIC BATHS
X1.1 Introduction—This appendix describes technical in- X1.2.1.1 Volume—cubic measure or gallons.
formation useful in the selection of ultrasonic baths for
X1.2.1.2 Shape—length, width and depth.
aqueous extraction and cleaning applications. The following
X1.2.1.3 Internal Features—heaters, agitators, linings, sub-
information was graciously provided by Blackstone Ultrason-
mersible pumps, etc.
ics and is reprinted here with their permission.
X1.2.1.4 Cleaning Zone—parts placement and racking.
X1.2 Designing an immersible ultrasonic transducer system X1.2.2 The Parts Being Cleaned:
requires that several factors be taken into account. Each case is
X1.2.2.1 Size—physical dimensions.
unique. The
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: G131 − 96 (Reapproved 2016) G131 − 96 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic
Techniques
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G131; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in May 2017.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the cleaning of materials and components used in systems requiring a high level of
cleanliness, such as oxygen, by ultrasonic techniques.
1.2 This practice may be used for cleaning small parts, components, softgoods, etc.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled Areas for
Spacecraft
F311 Practice for Processing Aerospace Liquid Samples for Particulate Contamination Analysis Using Membrane Filters
F324 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Volatile Cleaning Solvents Using the Solvent Purity Meter (Withdrawn 1987)
F331 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Extract from Aerospace Components (Using Flash Evaporator)
G121 Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
G122 Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 contaminant (contamination), n—unwanted molecular and particulate matter that could affect or degrade the performance
of the components upon which they reside.
3.1.2 contaminate, v—a process of applying a contaminant.
3.1.3 control coupon (witness coupon), n—a coupon made from the same material and prepared in exactly the same way as the
test coupons, which is used to verify the validity of the method or part thereof.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as G131 – 96 (2008). DOI:
10.1520/G0131-96R16.10.1520/G0131-96R16E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
G131 − 96 (2016)
In this practice, the control coupon will be contaminated in the same manner as the test coupons and will be subjected to the
identical cleaning procedure.
3.1.4 degas, v—the process of removing gases from a liquid.
3.1.5 nonvolatile residue (NVR), n—residual molecular and particulate matter remaining following the filtration and controlled
evaporation of a solvent containing contaminants.
3.1.6 particle (particulate contaminant), n—a piece of matter in a solid state with observable length, width, and thickness.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—
The size of a particle is usually defined by its greatest dimension and is specified in micrometres.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 A part, material or component is placed in a container containing the cleaning agent. This container is then placed in an
ultrasonic cleaner and treated for a given period of time at the recommended temperature for the cleaning agent. This results in
a solution if the contaminant is soluble in the test fluid or a emulsion if the contaminant is not soluble in the test fluid. The cleaning
solution combined with the rinse solutions may then be analyzed for particulate, NVR, or total carbon (TC).
4.1.1 In the case of aqueous based aqueous-based agents, the parts are rinsed after the removal from the cleaning bath and
ultrasonically cleaned in reagent water to provide a solution for TC analysis using G TC.
4.1.2 In the case of solvent based solvent-based agents, the parts are rinsed with fresh solvent, which is collected and combined
with the solvent used in the cleaning process, and the NVR determined using Test Method E1235, Test Method F324, or Test
Method F331, as appropriate.
4.1.3 Particulate analyses may be performed by filtering the final cleaning solution. The particles captured by the filter are then
counted using Practice F311.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is suitable for the removal of contaminants found on materials, parts, and components used in systems
requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen. Parts shall have been precleaned to remove visible contaminants prior to
using this procedure. Softgoods such as seals and valve seats may be cleaned without precleaning.
5.2 This procedure may also be used as the cleanliness verification technique for coupons used during cleaning effectiveness
tests as in Test Method G122.
5.3 The cleaning efficiency has been shown to vary with the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. Low frequencies
in the 20 to 25 kilohertz range have been found to damage soft metals such as aluminum and silver. Therefore, the specifications
of the unit and the frequencies available must be considered in order to optimize the cleaning conditions without damaging the
parts.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Ultrasonic Cleaner, with an operating frequency range between 25 and 90 kHz, a typical power range between 10 and 25
W/L, and a temperature controlled temperature-controlled bath capable of maintaining a temperature between ambient and 70°C
with an accuracy of 2°C.
6.2 Parts Pans, stainless steel container with volumes between 1 and 4 L.
6.3 Bracket, stainless steel device capable of supporting the parts pans in the ultrasonic bath.
NOTE 1—The bracket should be designed to hang in the ultrasonic bath without contact with the bottom.
7. Reagents
7.1 Solvents such as the following may be used: tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, methylene chloride,
and perfluorinated carbon fluids.
NOTE 2—Warning: Solvents such as tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene), trichloroethylene, and methylene chloride have relative low threshold
limit values and the user should refer to appropriate safe handling procedures, particularly in open tanks. Many solvents are not considered to be
compatible with oxygen and must be completely removed from cleaned components prior to the use of these components in oxygen systems. The
preferred method of removal shall be determined by the user.
7.2 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
´1
G131 − 96 (2016)
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination. Detergents used shall be identified by manufacturer and name
(registered trademark, if any).
7.3 Purity of Water—The water used shall meet the requirements of Specification D1193, Type II.
8. Procedure
8.1 Sample Preparation:
8.1.1 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on control or test coupons, prepare the coupons in accordance with Practice
G121.
8.1.2 If cleanliness verification is to be performed on small parts, measure the total surface area (S) in square centimetres or the
mass in grams, or both, as applicable, to the nearest tenth of a milligram (M1). Record the surface area (S) and mass (M1).
8.2 Preliminary Procedure:
8.2.1 If a cleaning agent is being used that requires dilution or special preparation, carefully follow the manufacturer’s
instructions. Use Type II water to prepare the aqueous cleaning agent solutions or as the actual cleaning agent.
NOTE 3—It has been found that many common hydrocarbon based lubricants are effectively removed to acceptable levels using Type II water at 50
to 55 °C. More Contaminants more difficult to remove contaminants, remove, such as fluorinated or silicone based lubricants, have typically been found
to require the use of surface active agents. Use Test Method G122 to evaluate the cleaning effectiveness of the proposed cleaning agent.
8.2.2 Fill the ultrasonic bath to the level specified by the manufacturer with water. Place the support bracket in the ultrasonic
bath, heat the ultrasonic bath to the desired temperature, and degas the water for 10 min.
8.2.3 Clean the stainless steel sample parts pan to be used. Conduct the sampling procedure using the selected cleaning agent
without parts to verify the cleanliness of the parts pan. Use the same sampling and analysis procedures that will be used on the
actual parts. Determine the contamination level of the parts pan, the blank value (B), which shall be less than the allowable
contamination level for the items being cleaned or extracted. If the contamination level of the parts pan is greater than that specified
for the parts, reclean the parts pan until the contamination level is less than the allowable contamination specified for the parts.
8.3 Cleaning Procedure:
8.3.1 Place the material or part(s) being cleaned in the stainless steel parts pan.
8.3.2 Pour a measured amount of the cleaning agent into the stainless steel cleaning pan sufficient to cover the parts. Cover the
parts pan with aluminum foil or a stainless steel lid, place the parts pan in the bracket in the ultrasonic bath, adjust the water level
in the bath such that it is above the cleaning agent level in the parts pan, and allow the cleaning agent and bath temperature to
equilibrate to the desired cleaning temperature. Alternatively, preheat the parts pan and cleaning agent prior to the placement of
the materials or parts into the parts pan. Then cover the parts pan with foil and place into the bracket in the bath and allow the
cleaning agent to equilibrate to the temperature of the bath.
2 2
8.3.2.1 Cleaning agent to parts surface area ratio shall not exceed 1000 mL/0.1 m ; the preferred ratio is 500 mL/0.1 m .
8.3.3 Clean the parts in the ultrasonic bath for 10 min. If an aqueous detergent or surfactant solution was used for cleaning,
thoroughly rinse the parts with Type II water and then perform the ultrasonic procedure with fresh Type II water. Perform the
sampling procedure as soon as possible within a maximum time limit of 120 min after turning off the ultrasonic cleaner.
8.4 Sampling Procedure for Solvent Cleaned Parts:
8.4.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the solvent.
8.4.2 After swirling, quickly decant the solvent from the parts pan.
8.4.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of fresh solvent in three roughly equal portions and combine with the solvent
decanted from 8.4.2. Determine the particulate contamination analysis using Practice F311. Use the filtrate from the particulate
analysis as the sample for NVR analysis.
8.4.4 Determine and record the mass (M ) of the nonvolatile residue in milligrams to the nearest tenth of a milligram using Test
Method E1235, Test Methods F324, or F331. Ensure that the reported NVR is adjusted to subtract the NVR of an equivalent
volume of “blank” solvent.
8.5 Sampling procedure for aqueous cleaned materials and parts.Sampling Procedure for Aqueous Cleaned Materials and Parts
8.5.1 Remove the parts pan from the ultrasonic bath and remove the cover. Swirl the parts pan to mix the Type II water.
8.5.2 After swirling, quickly decant the Type II water from the parts pan.
8.5.3 Wash the parts pan and parts with 500 mL of Type II water in three roughly equal portions and combine with the Type
II water from 8.5.2.
8.5.4 Use the combined volumes of water from 8.5.3 to determine the TC of the sample using G TC.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
´1
G131 − 96 (2016)
9. Report
9.1 Report the following information:
9.1.1 Identification of the part or material being cleaned (including tradename, part number, serial number, proper chemical
name, ASTM designation, lot number, batch number, and manufacturer),
9.1.2 Cleaning reagent,reagent;
9.1.3 Cleaning time,time;
9.1.4 Cleaning temperature,temperature;
9.1.5 Frequency of the ultrasonic bath, kHz,kHz;
9.1.6 Power density of the ultrasonic cleaner, W/L,W/L;
9.1.7 Volume of cleaning reagent used,used;
9.1.8 Mass (M1) of parts cleaned, g, andg;
9.1.9 Surface area, cm ,; and
9.1.10 Mass (M2) of thr NVR, g.
10. Keywords
10.1 cleaning; contamination; contaminant; nonvolatile residue; NVR; oxygen systems; TC; total carbon; ultrasonic cleaning
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. SELECTION OF ULTRASONIC BATHS
X1.1 Introduction—This appendix describes technical information useful in the selection of ultrasonic baths for aqueous
extraction and cleaning applications. The following information was g
...