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ASTM D7719-14a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel

Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a high octane unleaded test fuel under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies for testing purposes. This specification also defines a specific type of high octane unleaded test fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel. A new high-octane unleaded test fuel has been developed, which maintains the key performance parameters of existing reciprocating aircraft engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies.2  
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel. It does not include all fuels satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.  
1.3 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded fuel at the time and place of delivery.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2014
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.J0 - Aviation Fuels
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7719-14 - Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
Effective Date
01-Jun-2014
Replaced By
ASTM D7719-14b - Standard Specification for High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
Effective Date
01-Oct-2014
Referred By
ASTM D7826-23a - Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives
Effective Date
01-Jun-2014
Referred By
ASTM D7960-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
Effective Date
01-Jun-2014

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7719 −14a
StandardSpecification for
1
High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* (Potential Residue Method)
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
purchases of a high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel under con-
2
Method)
tract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies.
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of high-octane
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
(MON) unleaded fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel.
ucts by Hydrometer Method
It does not include all fuels satisfactory for reciprocating
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
than is shown by this specification.
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
1.3 Thisspecification,unlessotherwiseprovided,prescribes
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
therequiredpropertiesofunleadedfuelatthetimeandplaceof
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity ofAviation
delivery.
and Distillate Fuels
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Ignition Engine Fuel
standard.
D3237 TestMethodforLeadinGasolinebyAtomicAbsorp-
tion Spectroscopy
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Petroleum Products
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
2. Referenced Documents
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: Petroleum Products
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
Atmospheric Pressure
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
D4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision
D323 Test Method forVapor Pressure of Petroleum Products
Method)
(Reid Method)
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels
Fuel
D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing
Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spec-
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
troscopy
Subcommittee D02.J0 on Aviation Fuels.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7719 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/
ucts (Mini Method)
D7719-14A.
2 D6733 Test Method for Determination of Individual Com-
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1721.
ponents in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 50-Metre
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Capillary High Resolution Gas Chromatography
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Determine Conformance with Specifications
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7719−14a
3. Terminology 6.2 Additives—These can be added to each grade of high-
octane unleaded aviation fuel in the amount, and of the
3.1 Definitions:
composition, specified in the following
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7719 − 14 D7719 − 14a
Standard Specification for
1
High-Octane Unleaded Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel under contract and
2
is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies.
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of high-octane (MON) unleaded fuel for use as an aviation spark-ignition fuel. It
does not include all fuels satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a
wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.3 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded fuel at the time and place of
delivery.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.02D02.J0 on J2 Spark and Compression Ignition Aviation Engine Aviation Fuels.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014June 1, 2014. Published May 2014July 2014. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 as
D7719 – 13.D7719 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D7719-14.10.1520/D7719-14A.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1721.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7719 − 14a
D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spectroscopy
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
D6733 Tes
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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5.1 This guide is intended for the developers or sponsors of new aviation gasolines or additives to describe the data requirements necessary to support the development of specifications for these new products by ASTM members. The ultimate goal of the data generated in accordance with this guide is to provide an understanding of the performance of the new fuel or additive within the property constraints and compositional bounds of the proposed specification criteria.  
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1.1 This guide provides procedures to develop data for use in research reports for new aviation gasolines or new aviation gasoline additives.  
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1.3 These research reports are intended to support the development and issuance of new specifications or specification revisions for these products. Guidance to develop ASTM International standard specifications for aviation gasoline is provided in Subcommittee J on Aviation Fuels Operating Procedures, Annex A6, “Guidelines for the Development and Acceptance of a New Aviation Fuel Specification for Spark-Ignition Reciprocating Engines.”  
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5.1 Some acids can be present in aviation turbine fuels due either to the acid treatment during the refining process or to naturally occurring organic acids. Significant acid contamination is not likely to be present because of the many check tests made during the various stages of refining. However, trace amounts of acid can be present and are undesirable because of the consequent tendencies of the fuel to corrode metals that it contacts or to impair the water separation characteristics of the aviation turbine fuel.  
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5.1 The hydrogen content represents a fundamental quality of a petroleum product that has been correlated with many of the performance characteristics of that product.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7398-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of FAMES provides an insight into the composition of product related to the transesterification process. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Biodiesel (FAMES) exhibits a boiling point rather than a distillation curve. The fatty acid chains in the raw oils and fats from which biodiesel is produced are mainly comprised of straight chain hydrocarbons with 16 to 18 carbons that have similar boiling temperatures. The atmospheric boiling point of biodiesel generally ranges from 330 °C to 357 °C. The Specification D6751 value of 360 °C max at 90 % off by Test Method D1160 was incorporated as a precaution to ensure the fuel has not been adulterated with high boiling contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). This test method is applicable to FAMES (biodiesel, B100) having an initial boiling point greater than 100 °C and a final boiling point less than 615 °C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method.  
1.2 The test method can also be applicable to blends of diesel and biodiesel (B1 through B100), however precision for these samples types has not been evaluated.  
1.3 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils).  
1.4 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillation such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160, especially the initial and final boiling points.  
1.5 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. See Test Methods D2887, D6352, and D7213.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7484-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.  
5.2 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, shall be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.  
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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