ASTM E897-88(1998)

Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentage of gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, in the analysis sample which is released under specific conditions of the test. The knowledge of the volatile matter content assists in predicting burning characteristics of RDF.  
1.2 This test method may be applicable to any waste material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be prepared.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-1998
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM E897-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel (Withdrawn 2004)
• Effective Date: 25-Mar-1988
• Referred By: ASTM D5681-22e1 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM E1868-10(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Loss-On-Drying by Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 897 – 88 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived
Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 897; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope RDF–5—Combustible waste densified (compressed) into the
form of pellets, slugs, cubettes or briquettes.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the per-
RDF–6—Combustible waste processed into liquid fuel.
centage of gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, in
RDF–7—Combustible waste processed into gaseous fuel.
the analysis sample which is released under specific conditions
of the test. The knowledge of the volatile matter content assists
4. Summary of Test Method
in predicting burning characteristics of RDF.
4.1 Volatile matter is determined by establishing the loss in
1.2 This test method may be applicable to any waste
weight resulting from heating refuse-derived fuel under
material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be
rigidly-controlled conditions. The measured weight loss, cor-
prepared.
rected for moisture as determined in Test Method E 790,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
establishes the volatile matter content.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Platinum or Fused Quartz Crucible, with closely fitting
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cover. The crucible shall be of not less than 10 nor more than
20 mL capacity, not less than 25 nor more than 35 mm in
2. Referenced Documents
diameter, and not less than 30 nor more than 35 mm in height.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Vertical Electric Tube Furnace— It shall be regulated to
E 180 Practice for Determining the Precision Data of
maintain a temperature of 950 6 20°C in the crucible, as
ASTM Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial
2 measured by a thermocouple positioned in the furnace.
Chemicals
E 790 Test Method for Residual Moisture in a Refuse-
6. Hazards
Derived Fuel Analysis Sample
6.1 Due to the origins of RDF in municipal waste, common
E 829 Practice for Preparing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)
sense dictates that precautions should be observed when
Laboratory Samples for Analysis
conducting tests on the samples. Recommended hygienic
practices include use of gloves when handling RDF, wearing
3. Terminology
dust masks (NIOSH-approved type), especially while milling
3.1 Definition:
RDF samples, conducting tests under a negative-pressure hood
3.2 refuse-derived fuel (RDF):
when possible, and washing hands before eating or smoking.
RDF–1—Waste used as a fuel in as-discarded form.
RDF–2—Waste processed to coarse particle size with or
NOTE 1—Caution—Exercise care when placing the sample into the
without ferrous metal separation. volatile furnace. The possibility of an explosion always exists when
heating samples of unknown origin.
RDF–3—shredded fuel derived from municipal solid waste
(MSW) that has been processed to remove metal, glass, and
7. Procedure
other inorganics. This material has a particle size such that 95
7.1 Weigh to the nearest 0.1 mg about1gof thoroughly
weight % passes through a 2-in. square mesh screen.
mixed air-dried analysis RDF sample in a weighed crucible.
RDF–4—Combustible waste processed into powder
Close with a cover (Note 2), place on a platinum or Nichrome-
form—95 weight % passing a 10–mesh screen.
wire support and insert directly into the furnace chamber,
which shall be maintained at a temperatur
...