ASTM E711-23e1

Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The calorific value, or heat of combustion, is a measure of the energy available from a fuel. Knowledge of this value is essential in assessing the commercial worth of the fuel and to provide the basis of contract between producer and user.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gross calorific value of a prepared analysis sample of solid forms of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) by the bomb calorimeter method.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific cautionary and precautionary statements, see 6.9 and Section 8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2023
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.01 - Monitoring and Characterization

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: E711 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb
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Calorimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in April 2023.
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1. Scope cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
E775 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gross
of Refuse-Derived Fuel
calorific value of a prepared analysis sample of solid forms of
E790 Test Method for Residual Moisture in Refuse-Derived
refuse-derived fuel (RDF) by the bomb calorimeter method.
Fuel Analysis Samples
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as E829 Practice for Preparing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
Laboratory Samples for Analysis
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 For definitions of general terms used in D34 Waste
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Management standards, refer to Terminology D5681.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 calorific value—the heat of combustion of a unit
For specific cautionary and precautionary statements, see 6.9 quantity of a substance. It may be expressed in joules per gram
and Section 8.
(J/g), British thermal units per pound (Btu/lb), or calories per
gram (cal/g) when required.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The unit equivalents are as follows:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1 Btu (International Table) = 1055.06 absolute joules
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1 Calorie (International Table) = 4.1868 absolute joules
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1 Btu/lb = 2.326 J/g
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.8 Btu/lb = 1.0 cal/g
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.2 calorimeter—describes the bomb, the vessel with
2. Referenced Documents
stirrer, and the water in which the bomb is immersed.
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3.2.3 energy equivalent—the energy required to raise the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature (see 3.2.3.1) of the calorimeter system 1 °C (or
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1 °F) per gram of sample. This is the number that is multiplied
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
by the corrected temperature rise in degrees and divided by the
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
sample weight in grams to give the gross calorific value after
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
thermochemical corrections have been applied.
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Temperature change is measured in
thermal units. Temperature changes may also be recorded in
electromotive force, ohms, or other units when other types of
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
temperature sensors are used. Consistent units must be used in
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01 on Monitor-
ing and Characterization. both the standardization and actual calorific determination.
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally
Time is expressed in minutes. Weights are measured in grams.
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E711 – 87 (2004),
3.2.4 gross calorific value—the heat produced by combus-
which was withdrawn July 2011 and reinstated in April 2023. DOI: 10.1520/E0711-
23E01.
tion of a unit quantity of solid fuel, at constant volume, in an
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
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