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ASTM D2534-88(2012)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The coefficient of friction is related to the slip properties of many commercial articles that have been coated with petroleum wax (for example, butter cartons and wax-impregnated or hot melt coated corrugated board).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the coefficient of kinetic friction for a petroleum wax coating or wax-based hot melt coating when sliding over itself.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2012
ICS
75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.10.0A - Physical/Chemical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2534-88(2007) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Referred By
ASTM G115-10(2018) - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012

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ASTM D2534-88(2012) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax CoatingsASTM D2534-88(2012) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
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ASTM D2534-88(2012) - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2534 − 88 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
Coefficient of Kinetic Friction for Wax Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A coated surface under load is pulled at a uniform rate
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the coef-
over a second coated surface. The force required to move the
ficient of kinetic friction for a petroleum wax coating or
load is measured, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is
wax-based hot melt coating when sliding over itself.
calculated.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 The coefficient of friction is related to the slip properties
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of many commercial articles that have been coated with
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
petroleum wax (for example, butter cartons and wax-
impregnated or hot melt coated corrugated board).
2. Referenced Documents
6. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1 Sled Assembly, as shown in Fig. 1, weighing 180 61g,
D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot of
Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product and consisting of the following parts:
6.1.1 Brass Block, 25 mm (1 in.) wide by 13 mm ( ⁄2 in.)
(Withdrawn 2010)
D1465 Test Method for Blocking and Picking Points of thick by 75 mm (3 in.) long,
6.1.2 Microscope Slide, cemented to one surface, 25 mm (1
Petroleum Wax
in.) by 75 mm (3 in.), and
3. Terminology 6.1.3 Detachable Handle, using 1.5 mm ( ⁄16 in.) weld rod.
6.2 Horizontal Plane Assembly and Pulling Device, consist-
3.1 Definitions:
ing of a metal or wood sheet covered by a smooth, flat piece of
3.1.1 friction, n—the resistance to sliding exhibited by two
glass approximately 150 by 300 mm (6 by 12 in.). The plane
surfaces in contact with each other. Basically there are two
shall be supported by two 250 by 300-mm (10 by 12 in.)
frictional properties exhibited by any surface; static friction
diagonal shelf-brackets. A board attached across the brackets
and kinetic friction.
shall be clamped in the jaws of the lower crosshead of an
3.1.2 kinetic friction, n—the force that resists motion when
electronic load cell-type tension tester. Adjust the assembly so
a surface is moving with a uniform velocity; it is, therefore,
thattheglasssurfaceislevel.Attachalow-frictionpulleyatthe
equal and opposite to the force required to maintain sliding of
edge of the plane with the outer side centered directly beneath
the surface with a uniform velocity.
the load cell of the testing machine and the bottom side level
with the sled handle. Connect the sled handle to the load cell of
the tester by a light, flexible metal cable or polyester cord
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
passing around the pulley.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.10.0A on Physical/Chemical Properties.
6.3 Low-Friction Pulley, consisting of a pulley mounted in
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally
hardened steel cone bearings on a metal fork. The pulley
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2534–88(2007).
should be constructed from materials having hardness and
DOI: 10.1520/D2534-88R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
durability equivalent to phenolic-type materials.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
7. Materials
the ASTM website.
3 7.1 Scissors or Cutter, suitable for cutting waxed specimen
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. to the desired dimensions.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2534 − 88 (2012)
FIG. 1 Coefficient of Kinetic Friction Sled Assembly
7.2 Adhesive Tapes, single-faced and double-faced, 13 to 20 10.2 Attach the 250 by 130-mm specimen to the double-
1 3
mm ( ⁄2 to ⁄4 in.) in width. faced tape on the horizontal plane.
8. Sampling and Test Specimens NOTE 2—For wax-coated paper, make the attachment so that the
specimen is free of wrinkles.
8.1 Test specimens may be flexible, such as wax-coated
10.2.1 For wax-coated paper, tape the ends of the 120 by 25
paper, or rigid, such as wax-coated paperboard or corrugated
mm (5 by 1 in.) specimen to the top of the sled, pulling the
(Note 1). From each test unit obtained in accordance with
specimen tightly across the sliding surface to eliminate
Pract
...

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