ASTM D3147-21

Standard Test Method for Testing Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The screening procedures simulate the conditions of temperature, pressure, and circulation encountered in service. This test method will indicate whether a product is suitable for further evaluation in vehicles.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for use in engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred to X1.2.21 in Specification D4485 for additional information.)  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 10.1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2021
• ICS: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
• Technical Committee: D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Drafting Committee: D15.09 - Simulated Service Tests

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D1176-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Refers: ASTM D4485-18 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018
• Refers: ASTM D4485-16 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2016
• Refers: ASTM D4485-15a - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2015
• Refers: ASTM D4485-15 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015
• Refers: ASTM D4485-14 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Refers: ASTM D1176-14 - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014
• Refers: ASTM E11-13 - Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2013
• Refers: ASTM D4725-13 - Standard Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2013
• Refers: ASTM D4485-11b - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2011
• Refers: ASTM D4485-11a - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Refers: ASTM D4725-11 - Standard Terminology for Engine Coolants
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Refers: ASTM D4485-11 - Standard Specification for Performance of Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011
• Refers: ASTM D4485-10a - Standard Specification for Performance of Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Refers: ASTM D4485-10 - Standard Specification for Performance of Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010

Overview

ASTM D3147-21 is the internationally recognized standard test method developed by ASTM International for the preliminary evaluation of stop-leak additives intended for use in engine coolants. This standard provides precise guidance for simulating service conditions to assess the ability of stop-leak materials to seal leaks in automotive and industrial engine cooling systems. The methodology replicates typical operational conditions, including temperature, pressure, and fluid circulation, ensuring that only suitable products proceed to further vehicle testing.

The test is essential in maintaining the integrity and performance of engine cooling systems by providing an objective criterion for screening stop-leak additives. It supports manufacturers, laboratories, and regulatory agencies in making informed decisions regarding the safety and effectiveness of these additives.

Key Topics

• Screening Procedures: ASTM D3147-21 outlines specific tests to simulate real-world conditions, including the use of heated, pressurized coolant solutions circulated through engineered test assemblies that contain simulated leaks.

• Leak Sealing Assessment: The effectiveness of stop-leak additives is measured based on their ability to plug holes and slits of varying sizes under controlled temperature and pressure.

• Particle and Gelling Examination: The method includes screening for large particles or signs of gumming/gelling, which may indicate potential for clogging cooling system passages. Solutions are sieved both before and after the test.

• Safety and Compliance: Users are reminded to observe appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, referencing applicable regulations and ASTM protocols.

• Precision and Reporting: The standard provides clear definitions for repeatability and reproducibility, and specifies detailed reporting requirements for the largest sealed leak, quality of seal, and volume of coolant lost.

Applications

ASTM D3147-21 is critical for:

• Product Qualification: Used by manufacturers and developers of stop-leak additives to demonstrate compliance with industry requirements before advancing products to field trials or market release.
• Quality Control: Applied in laboratory environments to ensure ongoing consistency and performance of stop-leak additives.
• Performance Benchmarking: Serves as a benchmark for comparative testing of various stop-leak products under standardized conditions.
• Regulatory Compliance: Recognized by agencies, such as the U.S. Department of Defense, for ensuring that stop-leak additives meet rigorously defined standards, contributing to reliability and safety in fleet and heavy-duty applications.
• Research and Development: Utilized in R&D to innovate new formulations and enhance the performance of engine coolant additives.

Related Standards

To achieve comprehensive results and maintain best practices, ASTM D3147-21 should be used in conjunction with the following related ASTM standards:

• ASTM D1176 - Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• ASTM D4485 - Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils (for additional requirements for heavy-duty users)
• ASTM D4725 - Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• ASTM E11 - Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves

Adhering to ASTM D3147-21 ensures that stop-leak additives for engine coolants are tested in a reliable and standardized manner, supporting product safety, regulatory compliance, and high-performance cooling system operation.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3147 − 21
Standard Test Method for Testing
Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.1 leaking—frequent drops forming (more than 5 drops/
min).
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the
3.1.2 sealed—completely plugged with no leaking or seep-
preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for
ing.
use in engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred
to X1.2.21 in Specification D4485 for additional information.)
3.1.3 seeping—occasional drops forming (fewer than
5 drops⁄min).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.2 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Terminology D4725.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Aheated test solution is circulated through a pressurized
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
cubical metal reservoir which contains a slit and holes to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
simulate leaks in an engine cooling system. The effectiveness
Specific warning statements are given in 10.1.
of the stop-leak material is measured by its ability to seal the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
leaks under the prescribed conditions of flow rate, temperature,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
pressure, and time.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 The presence of particles in the test material that are
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
larger than 0.84 mm (0.033 in.) or the presence of gumming or
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
gelling in stop-leak additives is determined by screening a test
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
solution through a 850 µm (U.S. No. 20) standard sieve. The
screening is done both before and after the circulating test.
2. Referenced Documents
Particles that remain on the sieve may be too large to pass
2.1 ASTM Standards:
through some passages of the cooling system.
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts forTesting Purposes
5. Significance and Use
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service
5.1 The screening procedures simulate the conditions of
Category Engine Oils
temperature, pressure, and circulation encountered in service.
D4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
This test method will indicate whether a product is suitable for
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
further evaluation in vehicles.
Sieves
3. Terminology
6. Apparatus (See Fig. 1)
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1 Reservoir:
6.1.1 The reservoir shall be constructed of stainless steel,
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
aluminum, or brass, 260 mm by 175 mm by 260 mm (10 in. by
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
7 in. by 10 in.) high, and the total capacity of the assembled
D15.09 on Simulated Service Tests.
unit shall be between 12 L and 13.5 L (3.2 gal to 3.6 gal). The
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published April 2021. Originally
reservoir shall have a 20 mm ( ⁄4 in.) flange at the top, to which
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3147 – 06 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/D3147-21.
a cover plate is fitted.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.2 The reservoir and cover shall have a minimum thick-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
ness of 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) in order to withstand a pressure of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 140 kPa (20 psi).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3147 − 21
A,B,C,D—Sides of reservoir R—Regulated air, 103 kPa (15 psi)
G—Pressure gauge, 0–210 kPa, (0–30 psi) vent valve T—Thermocouple foil, temperature controller, and well
H—Brass test section, holes V—Fill opening (ball valve)
S—Brass test section, slit W—Pressure relief valve, 137 kPa (20 psi)
FIG. 1 Leak Test Apparatus
6.1.3 A drain shall be located either on one side or the 6.1.6 A liquid collection pan or pans shall be placed under
bottom of the reservoir to facilitate drainage of the test
the reservoir in a position that will allow collection of coolant
solution. The reservoir outlet to the circulating pump (suction
that has leaked from test openings during operation of the
side) shall be located near the bottom of Side C. The reservoir
apparatus. A transparent safety shield shall enclose the reser-
inlet from the circulating pump (discharge side) shall be
voir fully.This shield will be arranged to deflect any spray into
located near the top of Side D.A13 mm ( ⁄2 in.) elbow shall be
the collection pans.The safety shield must be in place any time
welded to the reservoir inlet opening (inner surface of Side D)
the reservoir is hot or pressurized, or both.
so that the liquid flow is directed towards Side A.
6.2 Circulation Pump, capable of circulating a minimum of
6.1.4 The cover plate of the reservoir shall be attached with
30 L (8 gal) of water per minute against zero head pressure,
bolts and sealed with neoprene gasket material. Openings
shall be used.The packing seal of the pump shall be capable of
accommodate a pressure gauge (0 kPa to 10 kPa (0 psi to 30
psi) minimum)/vent valve assembly. withstanding 140 kPa (20 psi) and 104 °C (220 °F). Inlet and
1 1 1
6.1.5 Openings, 64 mm by 64 mm (2 ⁄2 in. by 2 ⁄2 in.), outlet connections shall be not less than ⁄2 in. (12 mm)
centered on Side A and Side B accommodate test plates (as
standard water pipe.
described in Section 7).An inlet for regulated air at 103 kPa 6
14 kPa (15 psi 6 2 psi) and a thermocouple probe are shown
in Side C.
D3147 − 21
6.3 Heating Element, shall be of the immersion cartridge 7.1 The test plates shall be constructed of solid brass plates,
type and shall have a power rating of approximately 1500 W. 102 mm by 102 mm by 0.20 mm to 0.25 mm (4 in. by 4 in. by
It shall be installed above the suction pipe of the circulation
0.008 in. to 0.010 in.), with bolt holes for attachment to the
pump and shall be capable of heating the filled system to 88 °C
reservoir. Neoprene gasket material shall be used to seal the
(190 °F). A temperature controller shall be used with the
plates.Acomplete set shall consist of fifteen plates: two plates
thermocouple to control power to the heating element and
without test holes or slits, six plates with one slit each
coolant temperature. An electrical pressure switch should also
[12.7 mm long by 0.127 mm, 0.254 mm, 0.381 mm,
beusedtointerruptpowertotheheater,intheeventthatexcess
0.508 mm, 0.635 mm and 0.762 mm wide, respectively (0.5 in.
pressure is generated.
long by 0.005 in., 0.010 in., 0.015 in., 0.020 in., 0.025 in. and
6.4 The reservoir should be equipped with a suitable pres- 0.030 in.) (Note 1)], six plates with three holes each of the
sure relief valve to prevent an over-pressure in the event of a
same size [0.127 mm, 0.254 mm, 0.381 mm, 0.508 mm,
problem with the regulated air source.
0.635 mm, and 0.762 mm (0.005 in., 0.010 in., 0.015 in.,
0.020 in., 0.025 in., and 0.030 in.) in diameter], and one plate
6.5 Ameans of interrupting power to the heater in the event
with nine holes [three holes 0.254 mm (0.010 in.) diameter,
of excessive fluid loss or overheating is necessary.
three holes 0.508 mm (0.020 in.) diameter, and three holes
6.6 U.S.A. Standard Testing Sieve, in accordance with
0.762 mm (0.030 in.) diameter], bored on a diagonal across the
Specification E11–95, 850 µm in an 8 in. (203 mm) or 10 in.
plate so that drainage from one hole will not flow across
(254 mm) FH frame.
another hole.
7. Test Plates (See Fig. 2)
A—3 holes of appropriate diameter
B—One 12.7 mm ( ⁄8 in.) slit of appropriate width
C—9 holes—3 each 0.254 mm, 0.508 mm, and 0.762 mm (0.010 in., 0.020 in., and 0.030 in.) in diameter (bored on a diagonal) so that
drainage from one hole will not flow across another hole
D—Solid
FIG. 2 Brass Test Panels
D3147 − 21
NOTE 1—Alternatively, a single plate may be used with provision for
10.3.1.4 Turnoffthecirculationpumpandairregulator.Use
varying the slit size with a shim arrangement.
the vent valve to
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3147 − 06 (Reapproved 2013) D3147 − 21
Standard Test Method for Testing
Stop-Leak Additives for Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers screening procedures for the preliminary evaluation of leak-stopping materials intended for use in
engine cooling systems. (Heavy-duty users are referred to X1.2.21 in Specification D4485 for additional information.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. after
SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 10.1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
D4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 leaking—frequent drops forming (more than 5 drops/min).
3.1.2 sealed—completely plugged with no leaking or seeping.
3.1.3 seeping—occasional drops forming (fewer than 5 5 drops drops/min).⁄min).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.09 on
Simulated Service Tests.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013April 1, 2021. Published June 2013April 2021. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 20062013 as
D3147 – 06.D3147 – 06 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/D3147-06R13.10.1520/D3147-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3147 − 21
3.2 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4725.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A heated test solution is circulated through a pressurized cubical metal reservoir which contains a slit and holes to simulate
leaks in an engine cooling system. The effectiveness of the stop-leak material is measured by its ability to seal the leaks under the
prescribed conditions of flow rate, temperature, pressure, and time.
4.2 The presence of particles in the test material that are larger than 0.84 mm (0.033 in.) or the presence of gumming or gelling
in stop-leak additives is determined by screening a test solution through a 850-μm850 μm (U.S. No. 20) standard sieve. The
screening is done both before and after the circulating test. Particles that remain on the sieve may be too large to pass through some
passages of the cooling system.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The screening procedures simulate the conditions of temperature, pressure, and circulation encountered in service. This test
method will indicate whether a product is suitable for further evaluation in vehicles.
6. Apparatus (See Fig. 1)
6.1 Reservoir:
6.1.1 The reservoir shall be constructed of stainless steel, aluminum, or brass, 260260 mm by 175175 mm by 260-mm (10260 mm
(10 in. by 77 in. by 10 in.) high, and the total capacity of the assembled unit shall be between 1212 L and 13.5 L (3.2(3.2 gal to
3.6 gal). The reservoir shall have a 20-mm20 mm ( ⁄4-in.) in.) flange at the top, to which a cover plate is fitted.
6.1.2 The reservoir and cover shall have a minimum thickness of 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) in order to withstand a pressure of 140 kPa
(20 psi).
6.1.3 A drain shall be located either on one side or the bottom of the reservoir to facilitate drainage of the test solution. The
reservoir outlet to the circulating pump (suction side) shall be located near the bottom of Side C. The reservoir inlet from the
circulating pump (discharge side) shall be located near the top of Side D. A13-mm A 13 mm ( ⁄2-in.) in.) elbow shall be welded
to the reservoir inlet opening (inner surface of Side D) so that the liquid flow is directed towards Side A.
6.1.4 The cover plate of the reservoir shall be attached with bolts and sealed with neoprene gasket material. Openings
accommodate a pressure gage (0gauge (0 kPa to 10 kPa (0(0 psi to 30 psi) minimum)/vent valve assembly.
1 1
6.1.5 Openings, 6464 mm by 64 mm (2 ⁄2 in. by 2 ⁄2 in.), in.), centered on Side A and Side B accommodate test plates (as
described in Section 77).). An inlet for regulated air at 103103 kPa 6 14 kPa (15(15 psi 6 2 psi) and a thermocouple probe are
shown in Side C.
6.1.6 A liquid collection pan or pans shall be placed under the reservoir in a position that will allow collection of coolant that has
leaked from test openings during operation of the apparatus. A transparent safety shield shall enclose the reservoir fully. This shield
will be arranged to deflect any spray into the collection pans. The safety shield must be in place any time the reservoir is hot or
pressurized, or both.
6.2 Circulation Pump, capable of circulating a minimum of 30 L (8 gal) of water per minute against zero head pressure, shall be
used. The packing seal of the pump shall be capable of withstanding 140 kPa (20 psi) and 104°C (220°F).104 °C (220 °F). Inlet
and outlet connections shall be not less than ⁄2 in. (12 mm) standard water pipe.
D3147 − 21
A,B,C,D—Sides of reservoir R—Regulated air, 103 kPa (15 psi)
G—Pressure gage, 0-210 kPa, (0-30 psi) vent valve T—Thermocouple foil, temperature controller, and well
G—Pressure gauge, 0–210 kPa, (0–30 psi) vent valve T—Thermocouple foil, temperature controller, and well
H—Brass test section, holes V—Fill opening (ball valve)
S—Brass test section, slit W—Pressure relief valve, 137 kPa (20 psi)
FIG. 1 Leak Test Apparatus
6.3 Heating Element, shall be of the immersion cartridge type and shall have a power rating of approximately 1500 W. It shall
be installed above the suction pipe of the circulation pump and shall be capable of heating the filled system to 88°C (190°F).88 °C
(190 °F). A temperature controller shall be used with the thermocouple to control power to the heating element and coolant
temperature. An electrical pressure switch should also be used to interrupt power to the heater, in the event that excess pressure
is generated.
6.4 The reservoir should be equipped with a suitable pressure relief valve to prevent an over-pressure in the event of a problem
with the regulated air source.
6.5 A means of interrupting power to the heater in the event of excessive fluid loss or overheating is necessary.
6.6 U.S.A. Standard Testing Sieve, per in accordance with Specification E11–95, 850 μm in an 8 in. (203 mm) or 10 in. (254 mm)
FH frame.
D3147 − 21
7. Test Plates (See Fig. 2)
7.1 The test plates shall be constructed of solid brass plates, 102102 mm by 102102 mm by 0.200.20 mm to 0.25 mm (4(4 in. by
44 in. by 0.0080.008 in. to 0.010 in.), with bolt holes for attachment to the reservoir. Neoprene gasket material shall be used to
seal the plates. A complete set shall consist of fifteen plates: two plates without test holes or slits, six plates with one slit each [12.7
mm [12.7 mm long by 0.127, 0.254, 0.381, 0.508, 0.6350.127 mm, 0.254 mm, 0.381 mm, 0.508 mm, 0.635 mm and 0.762 mm
wide, respectively (0.5 in. long by 0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025 and 0.030 in.) 0.005 in., 0.010 in., 0.015 in., 0.020 in.,
0.025 in. and 0.030 in.) (Note 1)], six plates with three holes each of the same size [0.127, 0.254, 0.381, 0.508, 0.635[0.127 mm,
0.254 mm, 0.381 mm, 0.508 mm, 0.635 mm, and 0.762 mm (0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025(0.005 in., 0.010 in., 0.015 in.,
0.020 in., 0.025 in., and 0.030 in.) in diameter], and one plate with nine holes [three holes 0.254-mm (0.010-in.)0.254 mm
(0.010 in.) diameter, three holes 0.508-mm (0.020-in.)0.508 mm (0.020 in.) diameter, and three holes 0.762-mm (0.030-
in.)0.762 mm (0.030 in.) diameter], bored on a diagonal across the plate so that drainage from one hole will not flow across another
hole.
A—3 holes of appropriate diameter
B—One 12.7-mm ( ⁄8-in.) slit of appropriate width
B—One 12.7 mm ( ⁄8 in.) slit of appropriate width
C—9 holes—3 each 0.254, 0.508, and 0.762 mm (0.010, 0.020, and 0.030 in.) in diameter (bored on a diagonal) so that drainage from one
hole will not flow across another hole
C—9 holes—3 each 0.254 mm, 0.508 mm, and 0.762 mm (0.010 in., 0.020 in., and 0.030 in.) in diameter (bored on a diagonal) so that
drainage from one hole will not flow across another hole
D—Solid
FIG. 2 Brass Test Panels
D3147 − 21
NOTE 1—Alternatively, a single plate may be used with provision for varying the sl
...