ASTM C31/C31M-15ae1

Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides standardized requirements for making, curing, protecting, and transporting concrete test specimens under field conditions.  
4.2 If the specimens are made and standard cured, as stipulated herein, the resulting strength test data when the specimens are tested are able to be used for the following purposes:  
4.2.1 Acceptance testing for specified strength,  
4.2.2 Checking adequacy of mixture proportions for strength, and  
4.2.3 Quality control.  
4.3 If the specimens are made and field cured, as stipulated herein, the resulting strength test data when the specimens are tested are able to be used for the following purposes:  
4.3.1 Determination of whether a structure is capable of being put in service,  
4.3.2 Comparison with test results of standard cured specimens or with test results from various in-place test methods,  
4.3.3 Adequacy of curing and protection of concrete in the structure, or  
4.3.4 Form or shoring removal time requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing cylinder and beam specimens from representative samples of fresh concrete for a construction project.  
1.2 The concrete used to make the molded specimens shall be sampled after all on-site adjustments have been made to the mixture proportions, including the addition of mix water and admixtures. This practice is not satisfactory for making specimens from concrete not having measurable slump or requiring other sizes or shapes of specimens.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2015
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.61 - Testing for Strength

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C31/C31M-15a - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C685/C685M-17 - Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM F3016/F3016M-19 - Standard Test Method for Surrogate Testing of Vehicle Impact Protective Devices at Low Speeds
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C1202-22e1 - Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C192/C192M-19 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C935-19 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Prestressed Concrete Poles Statically Cast
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C361-22 - Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C1504M-20 - Standard Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm Drains (Metric)
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C497M-20a - Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C918/C918M-20 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Early-Age Compressive Strength and Projecting Later-Age Strength
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C39/C39M-21 - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C858-19 - Standard Specification for Underground Precast Concrete Utility Structures
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C470/C470M-23 - Standard Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete Test Cylinders Vertically
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C497-20e1 - Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015
• Referred By: ASTM C215-19 - Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and<brk/> Torsional Resonant Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: C31/C31M − 15a
Standard Practice for
1
Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C31/C31M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made in February 2016.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing 2.1 ASTM Standards:
cylinder and beam specimens from representative samples of
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
fresh concrete for a construction project. gregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield,
1.2 The concrete used to make the molded specimens shall
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
be sampled after all on-site adjustments have been made to the
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
mixture proportions, including the addition of mix water and
Concrete
admixtures. This practice is not satisfactory for making speci-
C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-
mens from concrete not having measurable slump or requiring
crete
other sizes or shapes of specimens.
C173/C173M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
C231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Concrete by the Pressure Method
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
C330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
Structural Concrete
with the standard.
C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C470/C470M Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Test Cylinders Vertically
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged
C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete
2
exposure. )
Specimens
1.5 The text of this standard references notes which provide
C1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly
explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as
Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
requirements of the standard.
C1077 Practice forAgencies Testing Concrete and Concrete
Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
Testing Agency Evaluation
and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61
on Testing for Strength.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2015. Published January 2016. Originally
3
approved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C31/C31M–15. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/C0031_C0031M-15A. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual ofAggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C31/C31M − 15a
4
1
2.2 American Concrete Institute Publication: from the nominal cross section shall not exceed 3 mm [ ⁄8 in.]
309R Guide for Consolidation of Concrete for molds with depth or breadth of 150 mm [6 in.] or more.
Molds shall produce specimens at least as long but not more
3. Terminology 1
than 2 mm [ ⁄16 in.] shorter than the required length in 6.2.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to
5.4 Tamping Rod—Around, smooth, straight, steel rod with
Terminology C125.
a diameter conforming to the requirements in Table 1. The
length of the tamping rod shall be at least 100 mm [4 in.]
4. Significance and Use
greater than
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C31/C31M − 15a C31/C31M − 15a
Standard Practice for
1
Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C31/C31M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made in February 2016.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing cylinder and beam specimens from representative samples of fresh
concrete for a construction project.
1.2 The concrete used to make the molded specimens shall be sampled after all on-site adjustments have been made to the
mixture proportions, including the addition of mix water and admixtures. This practice is not satisfactory for making specimens
from concrete not having measurable slump or requiring other sizes or shapes of specimens.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed
2
skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as
requirements of the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C330/C330M Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete
C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
C470/C470M Specification for Molds for Forming Concrete Test Cylinders Vertically
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C617/C617M Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C1077 Practice for Agencies Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for Testing Agency
Evaluation
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.61 on Testing
for Strength.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2015. Published January 2016. Originally approved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C31/C31M–15. DOI:
10.1520/C0031_C0031M-15A.
2
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
C31/C31M − 15a
4
2.2 American Concrete Institute Publication:
309R Guide for Consolidation of Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology C125.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice provides standardized requirements for making, curing, protecting, and transporting concrete test specimens
under field conditio
...