Standard Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Since the potential for expansion, under conditions of controlled restraint, of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement cannot always be satisfactorily predicted from tests of mortars made in accordance with Test Method C806, a need has been recognized for a test method in which concrete specimens are tested.  
4.2 This test method can also be adapted readily to studies of expansion involving degrees of restraint, comparisons of cements, effects of cement contents, mixture proportions, schedules, or environmental treatments that differ from the standard procedures prescribed by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C878/C878M − 14a
Standard Test Method for
Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C878/C878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C845 Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement
4
2.2 ACI Standards and Committee Reports:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expan-
CT ACI Concrete Terminology
sion of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement.
223R Guide for the Use of Shrinkage-Compensating Con-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
crete
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3. Terminology
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1 Terms used in this test method are defined inTerminolo-
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
gies C219 and C125.
with the standard.
NOTE 1—Additional terms not found in Terminologies C219 or C125
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
may be found in ACI CT.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Since the potential for expansion, under conditions of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
controlled restraint, of concrete made with shrinkage-
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2 compensating cement cannot always be satisfactorily predicted
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
from tests of mortars made in accordance with Test Method
C806, a need has been recognized for a test method in which
2. Referenced Documents
concrete specimens are tested.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 This test method can also be adapted readily to studies
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
of expansion involving degrees of restraint, comparisons of
gregates
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test cements, effects of cement contents, mixture proportions,
schedules, or environmental treatments that differ from the
Specimens in the Laboratory
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement standard procedures prescribed by this test method.
C490 Practice for Use ofApparatus for the Determination of
5. Apparatus
Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
Concrete
5.1 Molds, for casting test specimens, when used in con-
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
junction with the restraining cage described in 4.2, shall
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
provide for forming prisms 76 mm [3 in.] square with a gage
C806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Expansive
length of 250 mm [10 in.]. The molds shall otherwise conform
Cement Mortar
to the requirements for molds in Practice C490, except that the
stud holder, gage studs, and spacer screws described in that
1 practice will not be used.
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.68
5.2 Restraining Cage, consisting of a threaded low-carbon
on Volume Change.
steel rod (plain or zinc-coated) with steel end plates held in
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published July 2014. Originally approved
in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C878 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/C0878 place by hex nuts as shown in Fig. 1. The hex nuts outside the
_C0878M-14A.
cage shall be of stainless steel. Stainless steel cap nuts shall be
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing ,
put on each end of the rod. When tested in tension, within the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C878/C878M − 14a
Dimensions
Measurement
in. mm
9 1
A11 ⁄16 ± ⁄16 294±1.6
B 10 254 (gage length)
C3 76
31 1
D2 ⁄32 ± ⁄32 75±1
1
E1 ⁄2 38
31
F1 ⁄64 37.7
3
G ⁄8 10
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C878/C878M − 14 C878/C878M − 14a
Standard Test Method for
Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C878/C878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged exposure. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to
skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
C490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Expansive Cement Mortar
C845 Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement
4
2.2 ACI Standards and Committee Reports:
CT-13CT ACI Concrete Terminology
223R Guide for the Use of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms used in this test method are defined in TerminologyTerminologies C219, Terminology and C125, and CT-13.
NOTE 1—Additional terms not found in Terminologies C219 or C125 may be found in ACI CT.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Since the potential for expansion, under conditions of controlled restraint, of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating
cement cannot always be satisfactorily predicted from tests of mortars made in accordance with Test Method C806, a need has been
recognized for a test method in which concrete specimens are tested.
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.68 on Volume
Change.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014July 1, 2014. Published February 2014July 2014. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
C878–09. DOI: 10.1520/C0878_C0878M-14. – 14. DOI: 10.1520/C0878_C0878M-14A.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing , Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C878/C878M − 14a
4.2 This test method can also be adapted readily to studies of expansion involving degrees of restraint, comparisons of cements,
effects of cement contents, mixture proportions, schedules, or environmental treatments that differ from the standard procedures
prescribed by this test method.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Molds, for casting test specimens, when used in conjunction with the restraining cage described in 4.2, shall provide for
forming prisms 76 mm [3 in.] square with a gage length of 250 mm [10 in.]. The molds shall otherwise conform to the requirements
for molds in Practice C490, except that the stud holder, gage studs, and s
...

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