ASTM A876-09

Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the detailed requirements for specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed low-carbon silicon-iron electrical steels, whose low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing. These steels are primarily used in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies. These steels may be acquired in any of four conditions a.) conventional grain-oriented tested at 15 kG (1.5 T), b.) conventional grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T), c.) high-permeability grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) and d.) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T). These steels can be purchased in a number of combinations of material form and surface type or treatment. This specification explains in detail, the available forms, thicknesses and magnetic performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed electrical steels shall conform. These steels are used primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50 and 60 Hz).
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately 3.2 % in which low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing.
1.3 The electrical-steel grades described in this specification include (1) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 15 kG (1.5 T) in accordance with Test Method A 343/A 343M, (2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Method A 343/A 343M, (3) high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Method A 343/A 343M, and (4) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Methods A 804/A 804M.
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2009
• ICS: 77.140.50 - Flat steel products and semi-products
• Technical Committee: A06 - Magnetic Properties
• Drafting Committee: A06.02 - Material Specifications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A876-03 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM A876-09e1 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A976-18 - Standard Classification of Insulating Coatings for Electrical Steels by Composition, Relative Insulating Ability and Application
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A1086-20 - Standard Specification for Thin-Gauge Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A804/A804M-04(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Sheet-Type Test Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A971/A971M-17(2022) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Edge Taper and Crown of Flat-Rolled Electrical Steel Coils
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A867-19 - Standard Specification for Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A343/A343M-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Test Frame
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A664-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Identification of Standard Electrical Steel Grades in ASTM Specifications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A345-19 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A932/A932M-01(2019) - Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method with Sheet Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM A721/A721M-02(2021) - Standard Test Method for Ductility of Oriented Electrical Steel
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A876 – 09
Standard Specification for
Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel,
1
Fully Processed Types
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A876; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
of Magnetic Materials
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to
A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully
Magnetic Testing
processed electrical steels shall conform.These steels are used
A343/A343M Test Method for Alternating-Current Mag-
primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50
Wattmeter-Ammeter-VoltmeterMethodand25-cmEpstein
and 60 Hz).
Test Frame
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon,
A345 Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for
silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately
Magnetic Applications
3.2% in which low core loss and high permeability in the
A664 PracticeforIdentificationofStandardElectricalSteel
direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metal-
Grades in ASTM Specifications
lurgical processing.
A700 PracticesforPackaging,Marking,andLoadingMeth-
1.3 Theelectrical-steelgradesdescribedinthisspecification
ods for Steel Products for Shipment
include(1)conventionalgrain-orientedelectricalsteeltestedat
A717/A717M Test Method for Surface Insulation Resistiv-
15 kG (1.5 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M,
ity of Single-Strip Specimens
(2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG
A719/A719M Test Method for Lamination Factor of Mag-
(1.7 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M,(3)
netic Materials
high-permeabilitygrain-orientedelectricalsteeltestedat17kG
A721/A721M Test Method for Ductility of Oriented Elec-
(1.7T) in accordance withTest MethodA343/A343M, and (4)
trical Steel
laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel
A804/A804M Test Methods for Alternating-Current Mag-
tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Methods
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
A804/A804M.
Sheet-Type Test Specimens
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-
A937/A937M Test Method for Determining Interlaminar
pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given
Resistance of Insulating Coatings Using Two Adjacent
inparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunits,which
Test Surfaces
are provided for information only and are not considered
A976 Classification of Insulating Coatings for Electrical
standard.
Steels by Composition, Relative Insulating Ability and
2. Referenced Documents Application
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification are
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
defined in Terminology A340.
Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on
Material Specifications.
4. Classification
This specification replaces A665, A725, and A843.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
4.1 The ASTM core-loss type designations, formulated in
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A876–03. DOI:
accordance with Practice A664, for grain-oriented electrical
10.1520/A0876-09.
2 steels covered by this specification are listed in Table 1.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A876 – 09
TABLE 1 Core-Loss Type Designations
Conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
Tested at 15 kG (1.5 T) in Accordance with Test Method A343/A343M
ASTM Aim Maximum Specific Core
B C
Core-Loss Thickness, Loss, W/lb (W/kg)
A
Type in. (mm)
60 Hz 50 Hz
18G041 0.0070 (0.18) 0.41 (0.90) 0.31 (0.68)
23G045 0.0090 (0.23) 0.45 (0.99) 0.34 (0.75)
27G051 0.0106 (0.27) 0.51 (1.12) 0.39 (0.85)
30G058 0.0118 (0.30) 0.58 (1.28) 0.44 (0.97)
35G066 0.0138 (0.35) 0.66 (1.46) 0.50 (1.11)
Conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
Tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in Accordance with Test Method A343/A343M
ASTM Aim Maximum Specific Core
B C
Core-Loss Thickness, Loss, W/lb (W/kg)
A
Ty
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A876–03 Designation: A 876 – 09
Standard Specification for
Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel,
1
Fully Processed Types
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A876; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully
processed electrical steels shall conform. These steels are used primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high
magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50 and 60 Hz).
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately 3.2% in
which low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing.
1.3 Theelectrical-steelgradesdescribedinthisspecificationinclude(1)conventionalgrain-orientedelectricalsteeltestedat15
kG (1.5T) in accordance withTest MethodA343/A343M, (2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7T)
in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (3) high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in
accordancewithTestMethodA343/A343M,and(4)laser-scribedhigh-permeabilitygrain-orientedelectricalsteeltestedat17kG
(1.7 T) in accordance with Test Methods A804/A804M.
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials
A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic Testing
A343/A343M Test Method forAlternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-
Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Test Frame
A345 Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
A664 Practice for Identification of Standard Electrical Steel Grades in ASTM Specifications
A700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A717/A717M Test Method for Surface Insulation Resistivity of Single-Strip Specimens
A719/A719M Test Method for Lamination Factor of Magnetic Materials
A721721/A721M Test Method for Ductility of Oriented Electrical Steel
A804/A804M TestMethodsforAlternating-CurrentMagneticPropertiesofMaterialsatPowerFrequenciesUsingSheet-Type
Test Specimens
A937/A937M TestMethodforDeterminingInterlaminarResistanceofInsulatingCoatingsUsingTwoAdjacentTestSurfaces
A976 Classification of Insulating Coatings for Electrical Steels by Composition, Relative Insulating Ability and Application
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification are defined in Terminology A340.
4. Classification
4.1 The ASTM core-loss type designations, formulated in accordance with Practice A664, for grain-oriented electrical steels
covered by this specification are listed in Table 1.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on Material
Specifications.
This specification replaces A665, A725, and A843.
Current edition approved Oct.May 1, 2003.2009. Published November 2003.June 2009. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 19982003 as
A876/A876M–98.A876–03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A876–09
TABLE 1 Core-Loss Type Designations
Conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
Tested at 15 kG (1.5 T) in Accordance with Test Method A 343/A 343M
ASTM Aim Maximum Specific Core
B C
Core-Loss Thickness, Loss, W/lb (W/kg)
A
Type in. (mm)
60 Hz 50 Hz
18G041 0.0070 (0.18) 0.41 (0.90) 0.31 (0.68)
23G045 0.0090 (0.23) 0.45 (0.99) 0.34 (0.75)
27G051 0.0106 (0.27) 0.51 (1.12) 0.39
...