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ASTM A876-09e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types

Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the detailed requirements for specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed low-carbon silicon-iron electrical steels, whose low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing. These steels are primarily used in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies. The ASTM core-loss type designations for the electrical steels covered here are 18G041, 23G045, 27G051, 30G058, 35G066, 23H070, 27H074, 30H083, 35H094, 23P060, 27P066, 23Q054, and 27Q057. Steels may be acquired in any of four conditions, classified according to a combination of material form and surface type or treatment as desired for the expected end use. Materials shall conform to specified values of magnetic properties (core loss, permeability, and magnetic aging), physical dimensions (thickness, length, and width), and mechanical properties (lamination factor and ductility).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed electrical steels shall conform. These steels are used primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50 and 60 Hz).
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately 3.2 % in which low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing.
1.3 The electrical-steel grades described in this specification include (1) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 15 kG (1.5 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (3) high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, and (4) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Methods A804/A804M.
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2009
ICS
77.140.50 - Flat steel products and semi-products
Technical Committee
A06 - Magnetic Properties
Drafting Committee
A06.02 - Material Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A876-09 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Replaced By
ASTM A876-12 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Referred By
ASTM A976-18 - Standard Classification of Insulating Coatings for Electrical Steels by Composition, Relative Insulating Ability and Application
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A1086-20 - Standard Specification for Thin-Gauge Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A804/A804M-04(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Sheet-Type Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A971/A971M-17(2022) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Edge Taper and Crown of Flat-Rolled Electrical Steel Coils
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A867-19 - Standard Specification for Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A343/A343M-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Test Frame
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A664-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Identification of Standard Electrical Steel Grades in ASTM Specifications
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A345-19 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A932/A932M-01(2019) - Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method with Sheet Specimens
Effective Date
01-May-2009
Referred By
ASTM A721/A721M-02(2021) - Standard Test Method for Ductility of Oriented Electrical Steel
Effective Date
01-May-2009

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ASTM A876-09e1 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed TypesASTM A876-09e1 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
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ASTM A876-09e1 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:A876 −09
StandardSpecification for
Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel,
1
Fully Processed Types
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A876; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Corrected conversion in Table 2 editorially in March 2012.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to 2.1 ASTM Standards:
which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully A34/A34MPractice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
processed electrical steels shall conform.These steels are used of Magnetic Materials
primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high A340Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50 Magnetic Testing
and 60 Hz). A343/A343MTest Method for Alternating-Current Mag-
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon,
Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Ep-
silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately
stein Test Frame
3.2% in which low core loss and high permeability in the
A345Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for
direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metal-
Magnetic Applications
lurgical processing.
A664Practice for Identification of Standard Electrical Steel
1.3 Theelectrical-steelgradesdescribedinthisspecification
Grades in ASTM Specifications
include(1)conventionalgrain-orientedelectricalsteeltestedat
A700Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-
15 kG (1.5 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M,
ods for Steel Products for Shipment
(2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 17 kG
A717/A717MTestMethodforSurfaceInsulationResistivity
(1.7 T) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M,(3)
of Single-Strip Specimens
high-permeabilitygrain-orientedelectricalsteeltestedat17kG
A719/A719MTest Method for Lamination Factor of Mag-
(1.7T) in accordance withTest Method A343/A343M, and (4)
netic Materials
laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel
A721/A721MTest Method for Ductility of Oriented Electri-
tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) in accordance with Test Methods
cal Steel
A804/A804M.
A804/A804MTest Methods for Alternating-Current Mag-
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch- netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
Sheet-Type Test Specimens
pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given
inparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunits,which A937/A937MTest Method for Determining Interlaminar
Resistance of Insulating Coatings Using Two Adjacent
are provided for information only and are not considered
standard. Test Surfaces
A976Classification of Insulating Coatings for Electrical
Steels by Composition, Relative Insulating Ability and
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
Application
Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on
Material Specifications.
2
This specification replaces A665, A725, and A843. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A876–03. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/A0876-09. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
A876−09
3. Terminology 5.1.3 Condition F5—Thermally flattened sheet or coiled
strip having an inorganic surface coating, Type C-2, plus an
3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification are
inorganic coating, Type C-5, applied over the inherent C-2
defined in Terminology A340.
coating to provide extra surface insulation resistance. The
principal application is in flat sheared laminations for cores of
4. Classification
power transformers.
4.1 The ASTM core-loss type designations, formulated in
5.1.4 Condition PQ—Thermally flattened sheet or coiled
accordance with Practice A664, for grain-oriented electrical
strip (sometimes called “punching quality”) with the inherent
steels covered by this specification are listed in Table 1.
C-2 coating removed and an inorganic coating, Type C-5,
applied for insulative purposes. The principal application is in
5. Condition
flat stamped laminations
...

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1.1 This test method covers determination of ductility utilizing Epstein test strips and a bending device for bending the strip over a predetermined radius. It is intended for commercial silicon-bearing steel sheet or strip of nonoriented types in the thickness range from 0.010 to 0.031 in. [0.25 to 0.79 mm], inclusive.  
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4.1 This is a specialized bend test for grain-oriented steel not covered under the provisions of Test Methods E290.  
4.2 This test is applicable to grain-oriented silicon steel such as covered in Specification A876 in commercial thicknesses and widths up to 36 in. [910 mm].
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1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled thin-gauge nonoriented fully processed electrical steel shall conform. Nominal thicknesses included in this specification are 0.10 mm (0.004 in.) to 0.30 mm (0.012 in.).  
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This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) relay steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. Available forms and conditions are forging billet, hot-rolled product, cold-finished bars, strip, and wire. These steels are not the same as the flat-rolled non-oriented or grain oriented iron-silicon electrical steels covered by ASTM Specifications A 677, A 683 and A 876. The steels covered in this specification have nominal silicon contents of 1.1, 2.3 and 4.0 % Si. Both the 1.1 and 2.3 % Si types are also available in an enhanced machinability composition. Along with chemical composition, steels produced to this specification must meet a specified maximum value of coercive field strength when heat treated according to this specification. Appendices are given containing typical magnetic, physical and mechanical properties and heat treatment.
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2  
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general procedures for specifying requirements in the procurement and delivery of flat-rolled electrical steels for magnetic applications. When an applicable individual specification does not exist, this specification enables the user to order a suitable material to be supplied under controlled conditions with respect to magnetic quality, sampling, testing, packaging, and so forth, by specifying certain requirements on the purchase order and citing this specification.  
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Note 1: For more information on other standards associated with this specification, refer to the following: Test Methods A341/A341M, A343/A343M, A348/A348M, A596/A596M, A712, A717/A717M, A719/A719M, A720/A720M, A721/A721M, A773/A773M, A804/A804M, A889/A889M, A937/A937M, A971/A971M, and Practice A664.  
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This specification covers the detailed requirements for specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed low-carbon silicon-iron electrical steels, whose low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing. These steels are primarily used in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies. These steels may be acquired in any of four conditions a.) conventional grain-oriented tested at 15 kG (1.5 T), b.) conventional grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T), c.) high-permeability grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) and d.) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T). These steels can be purchased in a number of combinations of material form and surface type or treatment. This specification explains in detail, the available forms, thicknesses and magnetic performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed electrical steels shall conform. These steels are used primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50 and 60 Hz).  
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately 3.2 % in which low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing.  
1.3 The electrical-steel grades described in this specification include (1) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.5 T (15 kG) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.7 T (17 kG) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (3) high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.7 T (17 kG) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, and (4) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.7 T (17 kG) in accordance with Test Methods A804/A804M.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for flat-rolled nonoriented fully processed electrical steel intended primarily for commercial power frequency applications in magnetic devices. These electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon iron, or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys that may be made by basic-oxygen, electric-furnace, or other steelmaking practice. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed during mill processing, so additional heat treatment is usually not required. The grades contained in this specification have thicknesses of 0.014 in. (0. 36 mm), 0.0185 in. (0.47 mm) and 0.0250 in. (0.64 mm). For a given thickness there are from 7 to 9 types based on the maximum value of core loss measured at 60 Hz and 15 kG (1.5 T) using the Epstein test method. Test methods to determine the required magnetic and mechanical properties are specified. Other typical magnetic and physical properties are listed for reference.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled nonoriented fully processed electrical steel shall conform.  
1.2 This steel is produced to specified maximum core-loss values and is intended primarily for commercial power frequency (50 and 60 Hz) applications in magnetic devices. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed during mill processing, so additional heat treatment by the user is usually not necessary.  
1.3 These nonoriented fully processed electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron, or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys containing up to about 3.5 % silicon and a small amount of aluminum.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

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ASTM A683-16(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for flat-rolled, nonoriented semiprocessed electrical steel intended primarily for commercial power frequency applications in magnetic devices. These electrical steels are low carbon, silicon-iron, or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys, and are classified according to core-loss. Unlike the fully processed electrical steels covered by ASTM A 677, the electrical steels in this specification require heat treatment by the user to develop the specified magnetic properties. The steels covered by this specification have a thickness of either 0.0185 in. (0.47 mm) or 0.025 in. (0.64 mm). For each thickness there are four core loss types. The core loss shall be determined following the use of a quality evaluation anneal listed in the specification. The core loss is determined using the Epstein test method at a test frequency of 60 Hz and a maximum flux density of 15 kG (1.5 T). Test methods to determine other required physical and mechanical properties are listed. Other typical magnetic and physical properties are listed for reference.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled, nonoriented semiprocessed electrical steel shall conform.  
1.2 This steel is produced to specified maximum core-loss values and is intended primarily for commercial power frequency (50 and 60 Hz) applications in magnetic devices. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed through heat treatment by the user.  
1.3 These nonoriented, semiprocessed electrical steels are low carbon, silicon-iron or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys containing up to about 2.5 % silicon and less than 1 % aluminum.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

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Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, Produced by Twin-Roll Casting Process

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold-rolled, carbon, structural, and high-strength low-alloy, in coils and cut lengths produced by the twin-roll casting process. Cold-rolled steel sheet is available in the following designations: commercial steel, drawing steel, structural steel, and high-strength low-alloy steel. Sheet steel grades defined by this specification are suitable for welding if appropriate welding conditions are selected. For certain welding processes, if more restrictive composition limits are desirable, they shall be specified at the time of inquiry and confirmed at the time of ordering. The material shall be capable of being bent, at room temperature, in any direction through 180° flat on itself without cracking on the outside of the bent portion. Two tension tests shall be made from each heat or from each 50 tons [45,000 kg]. Yield strength shall be determined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension under load method unless otherwise specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-rolled, carbon, structural, and high-strength low-alloy, in coils and cut lengths produced by the twin-roll casting process.  
1.2 Cold rolled steel sheet produced by the twin-roll casting process is available in the designations as listed in 4.1.  
1.3 This specification does not apply to steel strip as described in Specification A109/A109M.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
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  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off