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ASTM D8196-18

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determination of Water Activity (aw) in Cannabis Flower

Standard Practice for Determination of Water Activity (<emph type="ital">a<inf>w</inf ></emph>) in Cannabis Flower

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is designed for use on cannabis flower by cannabis producers, processors, dispensers, testing laboratories, and end users. aw testing at any point in the supply chain is an important element in ensuring the safety and quality of cannabis flower. Testing can occur spontaneously at any point in the supply chain by regulatory agencies, suppliers, and customers.  
5.2 This practice is an important endpoint in determining whether a cannabis flower sample is being stored under optimal storage conditions (see Specification D8197).  
5.3 Analysis of water activity should be considered an important quality control step in ensuring a cannabis flower sample is being stored under optimal storage conditions to prevent mold and/or other microbiological growth and/or breakage.  
5.4 Maintaining the requisite aw throughout the supply chain from completion of drying through merchandising ensures safety and quality for the consumer.  
5.5 Water activity is used in many cases as a critical control point for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) programs. Controlling aw should not be seen as a kill step.7 Rather control of aw focuses on preventing the growth and proliferation of microorganisms.  
5.6 This practice is designed for use by trained technical individuals with minimal knowledge of complex analytical chemistry procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the recommended procedure for determining the water activity (aw) of a cannabis flower sample.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Water activity is a ratio, and thus is without unit designation.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-May-2018
ICS
65.020.20 - Plant growing
Technical Committee
D37 - Cannabis
Drafting Committee
D37.04 - Processing and Handling
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D8196-18 - Standard Practice for Determination of Water Activity (<emph type="ital">a<inf>w</inf ></emph>) in Cannabis FlowerASTM D8196-18 - Standard Practice for Determination of Water Activity (<emph type="ital">a<inf>w</inf ></emph>) in Cannabis Flower
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ASTM D8196-18 - Standard Practice for Determination of Water Activity (<emph type="ital">a<inf>w</inf ></emph>) in Cannabis Flower
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D8196 − 18
Standard Practice for
1
Determination of Water Activity (a ) in Cannabis Flower
w
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8196; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The concept of water activity is more than 50 years old. For many years, researchers tried to equate
bacterial growth potential with water content. William Jones Scott showed in 1953 that microorgan-
2
isms have a limiting a level for growth, thus being the first to establish that bacterial growth
w
correlated with water activity, not water content of organic materials. It is now generally accepted that
a is more closely related to the microbial, chemical, and physical properties of foods and other
w
3
natural products than is total moisture. It is firmly established that growth of specific microbes is
4
inhibited at or below specific water activity values.
Totalwatercontent(moisture)measurementsdonotnecessarilyreflectwateravailableformicrobial
growth and thus are an inaccurate means for controlling microbial growth, because the water content
sufficientformicrobialgrowthisdependentonthesubstancebeingtested.Wateractivitymeasurement
is more accurate than total water content (moisture) measurement as it relates directly to the water
available to microbes. Safe a levels are constant relative to particular microbes, regardless of the
w
substance being tested.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This practice covers the recommended procedure for
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
determining the water activity (a ) of a cannabis flower
w
sample.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded 5
2.1 ASTM Standards:
as the standard. Water activity is a ratio, and thus is without
D8197 Specification for Maintaining Acceptable Water Ac-
unit designation.
tivity (a ) Range (0.55 to 0.65) for Dry Cannabis Flower
w
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.1 cannabis flower, n—the flowering or fruiting tops of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the cannabis plant (excluding seeds and leaves when not
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
accompaniedbyfloweringorfruitingtop)fromwhichtheresin
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
has not been extracted. (adapted from the UN Single Conven-
6
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tion on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 )
3.1.2 cultivator container, n—packaging used by cannabis
grower/harvestertostoreand/orshipproductinlargequantities
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D37 on Cannabis
after drying.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D37.04 on Processing and
Handling.
3.1.3 dispensary container, n—packaging used by a
Current edition approved May 15, 2018. Published May 2018. DOI: 10.1520/
cannabis-dispensing establishment to provide the cannabis
D8196-18.
2 flower consumer a satisfactory storage container.
Scott,W.J.,WaterrelationsofStaphylococcusaureusat30°. Australian Journal
of Biological Sciences6, 1953, pp 549-564.
3
Chirife, J. and Fontana, A. J. (2007) Introduction: Historical Highlights of
5
Water Activity Research, in Water Activity in Foods: Fundamentals and Applica- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tions (eds G. V. Barbosa-Cánovas, A. J. Fontana, S. J. Schmidt and T. P. Labuza), contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK. doi: 10.1002/9780470376454.ch1 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
Russell, N.J., Leistner, L., and Gould, G.W. Solutes and Low WaterActivity in the ASTM website.
6
Food Preservatives ed N.J. Russell and G.W. Gould, Springer 2012, pp119ff. www.unodc.org/pdf/convention_1961_en.pdf, p1, Accessed 2018.01.23
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8196 − 18
3.1.4 packager container, n—packaging used by the pack- 7. Testing Facilities and Personnel
ager to store and ship product to dispensing establishments.
7.1 All testing shall be carried
...

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ASTM D8270-23b(Terminology)
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1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the cannabis industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D37 is responsible it is included only when judged, after review by Subcommittee D37.91, to be a generally usable term.  
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1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussions.  
1.5 Definitions are followed by the committee responsible for the standard(s) (for example, [D37.01]) and standard designation(s) in which they are used (for example, D8219).  
1.6 Abbreviated Terminology:  
1.6.1 Abbreviated terminology is intended to provide uniform contractions of terms relating to cannabis that have evolved through widespread common usage. The compilation in this standard has been prepared to avoid the occurrence of more than one abbreviated term for a given cannabis term and to avoid multiple meanings for abbreviated terms.  
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1.6.3 Acronyms and Initialisms—A word formed from the letters or parts of words of a longer word-phrase, usually from the initial letters or parts of the words. An acronym is pronounced as a word (for example, radar for radio detection and ranging). An initialism is pronounced as a series of letters (for example, DOT for Department of Transportation).  
1.6.4 The acronym or initialism description is the origin word-phrase for the acronym or initialism, not a definition.  
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Standard Guide for Whole Hemp Seed Storage at Primary Production Facilities

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4.1 Product wastage will be reduced if spoilage is avoided or the potential for spoilage is identified earlier in the process. High moisture can result in conditions favorable to microbial growth, mold, and conditions leading to rancidity.  
4.2 Testing for moisture content can assist in proactively managing damage to seed before it is not rectifiable or provide information to retarget seed to other feasible by-product streams.
SCOPE
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Standard Guide for Sample Preparation of Cannabis and Hemp Inflorescence for Laboratory Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The sample preparation procedure for comminution impacts other downstream processes such as extraction and sonication, which ultimately affects the total analytical error (TAE) and measurement uncertainty.  
5.2 Factors that may influence the sample preparation process include the prevention of cross-contamination (carryover) from a prior sample and an inadequate cleaning procedure between preparation of samples, poor sample handling, storage (sample preservation), and moisture content (drying methods) of plant material being greater than 15 % (15). Samples with high moisture content are hard to process completely and may yield lower analyte (that is, cannabinoid) concentration during extraction and further processing. Lastly, water activity Specification D8197 is recommended, activity (aw) range (0.55 to 0.65) for dry cannabis or hemp flower or both.  
5.3 There are many different types of hardware technologies that address the comminution of dried cannabis or hemp; however, the list of devices is exhaustive and thus beyond the scope of this guide. See Table 3 and Table 4  (16-18) for a summary of different milling technologies. Distinctions among various pieces of equipment often relate to the type, mass, and size/shape of the sample (dry, fibrous) for which each is most effective. In addition, there may be economic reasons for mill selection, that is, the sample throughput of the testing laboratory (number of samples per day), access to cryogenics, and sample mass requirements.    
5.4 In addition to sampling devices, this guide does not include the sample preparation of edibles, tinctures, oils/concentrates, beverages, and so forth in which the sample diversity poses significant sample preparation challenges to be put forward in additional work items.  
5.5 The sample size for comminution purposes is limited as the analytical testing portion required is often 500 times smaller than the bulk sample lot and not every testing laboratory is equipped to handl...
SCOPE
1.1 In this guide, the basic steps in obtaining a test portion sample of either dried cannabis/hemp inflorescence are outlined.  
1.2 Sample preparation depends on many factors including moisture (dryness) of the sample, the analyte to be measured, the concentrations/amounts, and the test method's precision and accuracy requirements. In this case, dried cannabis or hemp plant material require particle size reduction-comminution from a representative sample of which the final analytical testing portion is determined by the employed testing method. Local regulatory guidelines often dictate both the representative sample that is taken from the bulk material (harvest batch) and the final mass of the test portion (for example  
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ASTM D8197-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Maintaining Acceptable Water Activity (aw) Range (0.55 to 0.65) for Dry Cannabis Flower Intended for Human/Animal Use

ABSTRACT
This specification prescribes the recommended range of water activity (aw) suitable for safe and efficacious storage of cannabis flowers or portions thereof. Water activity (aw) is defined as the partial vapor pressure of water in a substance divided by the partial vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature, which can be calculated by dividing the partial vapor pressure of water in the substance by the partial vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature. This describes quantitatively the capability of the cannabis flower in a sealed container to affect the humidity of the container's headspace air. aw shall be less than 0.65 to ensure against undesirable growth of microorganisms such as mold, and shall be greater than 0.55 to ensure against physical damage (breakage) in routine handling and storage. If aw exceeds 0.68, further drying of the cannabis flower(s) shall be required to ensure that the aw is in the range 0.55–0.65. If aw is less than 0.68, co-storage with a salt-based aw (relative humidity) control sachet(s) designed to maintain the relative humidity between 0.55 to 0.65 can effectively bring the stored cannabis flower(s) into the specified 0.55–0.65 range. Storing cannabis flower with appropriately designed aw (relative humidity) salt-based control sachets intended to ensure a relative humidity of 0.55 to 0.65 in sealed containers can maintain the optimum storage conditions.
Maintaining the requisite aw throughout the supply chain from completion of drying through merchandising ensures safety and quality for the consumer.
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ASTM D8477-22(Practice)
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4.1 This practice is intended to be used by cannabis or hemp operators, or both, to establish good supplier lifecycle management practices.  
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4.1.2 Early identification and mitigation of risks within the supply chain are crucial to controlling costs and minimizing potential impacts on operations, customer experience, and business reputation. In general, costs are reduced when issues are prevented early and upstream in the supply chain.  
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4.6.1 Supply and supplier information management.  
4.6.2 Supply identification and specifications.  
4.6.3 Supplier options, evaluation, and selection.  
4.6.4 Supplier onboarding.  
4.6.5 Supplier performance and risk management.  
4.6.6 Supplier relationship management.  
4.6.7 Supplier offboarding.  
4.7 To implement supplier management, follow the process in Sections 5 and 6. Start by applying the principles in this practice to a few supplies and suppliers and work through all of the step...
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1.1 This practice provides cannabis or hemp operations, or both, with methods, procedures, responsibilities, and criteria for supplier management practices to reliably receive supplies that meet specifications. Effective supplier management includes clear concise communication and comprehension between departments and business functions, that is, marketing, finance, operations, supply requirement analysis, supplier assessment or audits, supplier selection, backup suppliers, and supply/supplier information management.  
1.2 In this practice, the term cannabis can be substituted with the term hemp. This practice applies to industrial hemp operations, CBD operations, and as referred to by several authorities having jurisdiction, licensed marijuana operations.  
1.3 This practice provides a process for supplier management in Section 5 and criteria for supplier evaluation in Section 6.  
1.4 Nothing in this practice shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive or have different requirements.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D8196-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determination of Water Activity (aw) in Cannabis Flower

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is designed for use on cannabis flower by cannabis producers, processors, dispensers, testing laboratories, and end users. aw testing at any point in the supply chain is an important element in ensuring the safety and quality of cannabis flower. Testing can occur spontaneously at any point in the supply chain by regulatory agencies, suppliers, and customers.  
5.2 This practice is an important endpoint in determining whether a cannabis flower sample is being stored under optimal storage conditions (see Specification D8197).  
5.3 Analysis of water activity should be considered an important quality control step in ensuring a cannabis flower sample is being stored under optimal storage conditions to prevent mold and/or other microbiological growth and/or breakage.  
5.4 Maintaining the requisite aw throughout the supply chain from completion of drying through merchandising ensures safety and quality for the consumer.  
5.5 Water activity is used in many cases as a critical control point for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) programs. Controlling aw should not be seen as a kill step.5 Rather control of aw focuses on preventing the growth and proliferation of microorganisms.  
5.6 This practice is designed for use by trained technical individuals with minimal knowledge of complex analytical chemistry procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the recommended procedure for determining the water activity (aw) of a cannabis flower sample.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Water activity is a ratio, and thus is without unit designation.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Method for Analysis of Multiple Elements in Cannabis Matrices by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Medical and/or recreational marijuana (cannabis) has been legalized for adult use in many countries and states within the USA (5). Many jurisdictions that permit the use of medicinal and recreational marijuana require testing of cannabis and associated products to ensure safety from contaminants, especially the toxic “big four” elements such as As, Cd, Hg, and Pb (6), and other metals worthy of consideration (6). These heavy metals can accumulate in plants grown in polluted soils or contamination can occur during the manufacturing process (7). In addition to ensuring product safety, the analysis of mineral and other trace elements is required for labeling purposes when these products are sold as nutritional supplements. Trace element analysis of plant and nutritional supplement materials is a well-established application (8). Following acidic digestion to break down the plant-based samples' primary components, ICP-MS is often used for quantitative analysis because of its multi-element capability, high sensitivity, speed, robustness, and wide dynamic range.  
5.2 This test method covers the rapid determination of multiple elements in cannabis sample digests. The elements include the priority toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb), as well as elements required by some states and elements of interest in the cannabis community (V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Sb, Ba, Se, Ag, Na, Al, K, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Tl, Th, and U). Irrespective of the number of elements being measured, test times are approximately a few minutes per test specimen, and detectability for most elements is in the low- to sub-ppb range.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method uses inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine multiple trace elements in cannabis and cannabis-related matrices following sample preparation using microwave-assisted acid digestion. This test method is applicable to the quantification of trace levels of elements in dried plant materials, concentrates, oils, extracts, tinctures of cannabis and cannabis-related products. Other matrices may be added provided that the lab validates the extra matrices using Practice D8282. Details are provided on the validation of both the sample preparation procedure and analytical method using certified reference materials (CRMs) and validation of the analytical method using spike recovery testing of several cannabis based samples.  
1.2 This test method should be used by analysts experienced in the use of microwave digestion and ICP-MS, matrix interferences, and procedures for their correction or reduction, and should only be used by personnel trained in the handling, preparation, and analysis of samples for the determination of trace elements in cannabis and cannabis products (1).2 This test method was developed using a single quadrupole ICP-MS equipped with a collision/reaction cell (CRC) that can be pressurized with helium (He) gas for the removal of polyatomic interferences using kinetic energy discrimination (KED). This test method can also be run using a triple quadrupole or “tandem” mass spectrometer (MS/MS) ICP-MS instrument, which is fitted with CRC technology. The ICP-MS method accounts for polyatomic interferences, which are the most common spectral overlaps in ICP-MS, isobaric interferences, and any potential doubly-charged ion interferences (M2+) that may arise from the presence of rare earth elements (REEs) in the samples, as the REE2+ ion interferences can affect the accuracy of the measurement of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) in the samples. Table 1 lists elements for which the test method applies along with recommended analytical masses, and secondary masses for some elements. The priority toxic elements arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb), also sometimes referred to as the “big four” toxic trace elements are listed separately because of their toxicity, as discussed in 5.1.  
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ASTM D8452-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Requirements for Medical-related Professionals within the Cannabis and Hemp Industries

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 As patient use of cannabis and hemp for medical purposes increases and medical professionals are increasingly called upon to provide medical advice, the following requirements and expectations within the medical profession are increasingly significant, requiring:  
5.1.1 Availability by patients to qualified medical professionals who can provide safe and objective advice on the medical use of cannabis and hemp,  
5.1.2 Clarity by medical professionals on the legal restrictions in their area of jurisdiction to ensure compliance, and  
5.1.3 Development of qualified training and certificate programs to ensure safe and quality healthcare for patients.  
5.2 The primary objectives of this guide are as follows:  
5.2.1 Provide a general overview of the BoK required for the professions listed in Section 7; and  
5.2.2 Provide recommendations to form the foundation for training and subsequent recognition/certificate systems that enable consumers, employers, organizational management, government agencies, and others who rely upon medical professionals to distinguish between qualified and non-qualified workers.  
5.2.3 Recommend requirements that agencies can use to develop and document the specific criteria used for training or certificate programs.  
5.3 Users of this guide shall document deviations from the recommended requirements to inform their clients of the criteria applied in either the training or the certificate programs offered. As the cannabis and hemp industries and medical guidelines mature, this guide will be updated to reflect current thinking and requirements.  
5.4 The Bok elements are applicable to certificate programs, while the BoK, experiential and educational elements are applicable to certification process requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide can provide certification bodies, training providers, employers, and certificate issuers, with best-practice guidance for administering their respective programs for medical-related professions within the cannabis and hemp industries.  
1.2 This guide recommends requirements for experience, training, education, and the body of knowledge (BoK) necessary for medical-related professions within the cannabis and hemp industries listed in Table 1.  
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1.5 This guide's content does not supersede requirements for training or earning a certificate defined by jurisdictional entities such as government or other regional regulatory bodies.  
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1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Determination of Cannabinoids in Cannabis Raw Materials and Resin Cannabis Products by Gas Chromatography and Flame Ionization Detection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Gas chromatography and flame ionization detection provides a rapid means to identify and quantify cannabinoids in a variety of samples of interest. This test method allows producers of cannabis products to improve and optimize the quality of their products. For example, hemp extractors can use it to determine the efficiency of extraction processes and to verify that products meet regulatory requirements, ensuring safety and quality of products.  
5.2 Cannabinoids, such as CBD and THC can be monitored throughout the production process. The determination of Δ9-THC is often required for regulatory purposes and the determination of other THC isomers is often of interest. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime provides experimental details and guidance for use of GC to analyze cannabis related samples, including conditions suitable for decarboxylation of cannabinoid acids.3  
5.3 Post-decarboxylated methodology is used. In decarboxylation, heat is used to liberate carbon dioxide from carboxylic acid cannabinoids, forming their corresponding neutral cannabinoids, for example, THC from THCA. It should be recognized that the hot temperature of the GC injection port itself is capable of effecting at least some decarboxylation (250 °C – Table 2), and many sample types, such as distillates, require no decarboxylation because it would have occurred during material processing. Therefore, some knowledge of sample properties and material processing is useful. Resulting determinations are for the total cannabinoid content of specific isomers, for example, total Δ9-THC. For those samples requiring decarboxylation, the method is validated per Practice D8282 through the use of reference materials, spike and recovery of knowns, or through comparison with LC results. For example, carrying out the decarboxylation procedure of a standard containing known amounts of CBDA and CBN should yield the correct amounts of CBD and CBN, where CBN is not significantly changed and the mass...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of cannabinoids in cannabis products by gas chromatography (GC) and flame ionization detection (FID).  
1.2 This test method is applicable to cannabis raw materials and resin cannabis products as defined in Guide D8245, including those from hemp. Such material includes: biomass; plant material; flowers; resins; extracts; distillates; recovered solvents; and other intermediate processing material. The applicable concentration range of analysis will vary to some extent depending on the nature of the sample, for instance measurement of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) for regulatory purposes in hemp would require calibration to lower concentration levels compared to measurement of CBD in its isolate; however, in most cases, the test method is applicable to the determination of major and minor cannabinoids above about 0.1 mass% in concentration. Dilution of sample solutions is used to adjust concentrations to fall within appropriate calibration curves. Particular emphasis is placed on the determination of Δ9-THC for regulatory compliance purposes and control. This test method can measure any cannabinoid that is eluted and detected from a GC column with sufficient resolution from any interfering compounds. Typical cannabinoids of interest that can be determined by this test method are shown in Table 1. Use of an HPLC technique is recommended if individual measurement of acids, such as THCA, is required.  
1.3 The test method does not purport to identify all individual cannabinoids; however, individual users can adapt this test method for specific custom analyses to meet their needs.  
1.4 Units—Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard t...

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ASTM
ASTM D8403-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Certificate Programs within the Cannabis and Hemp Industries

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Certificate programs within the cannabis/hemp industries are offered by community colleges and universities, government agencies, employers, independent for-profit training organizations, and professional and trade associations. With the growth of these industries, an increased need for certificates is expected. While quality guidelines do exist for continuing education and training providers in general (for example, ANSI/IACET 1-2019), and for entities offering personnel certification programs (for example, ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024:2017), currently, no guidelines exist specifically to aid entities offering certificate programs within the cannabis industry. This practice aims to standardize and improve the quality of certificates and has been developed to:  
4.1.1 Provide certificate program developers and certificate issuers guidelines for quality program development and administration;  
4.1.2 Form the foundation for a recognition or certification system, or both, that enable consumers, employers, government agencies, and others who rely upon a skilled workforce to distinguish between qualified and unqualified workers; and  
4.1.3 Assist stakeholders in differentiating between certificate programs from personnel certifications.  
4.2 In a certificate program, an individual participates in a learning event or series of events designed to assist him or her in achieving specified learning outcomes within a defined scope; the individual receives a certificate only after verification of successful completion of all program requisites including but not limited to an assessment of learner attainment of intended learning outcomes.  
4.3 In contrast, in a certificate program, the learning event(s) and the assessment(s) are both developed and administered by the certificate issuer. There is an essential link between them. The learning event(s) are designed to help participants achieve learning outcomes and the assessments are designed to evaluate the learners’ attainment...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides protocols to certificate issuers for developing and administering certificate programs for stakeholders within the cannabis and hemp industries for determining best practices for administering professional or procedural certificate programs within the industries.  
1.2 This practice includes requirements for both the certificate issuer and requirements for the specific certificate programs issuing certificates.  
1.3 This practice provides the foundation for recognizing or certificate issuers to issue certificates to individuals after completing a certificate program.  
1.4 This practice addresses certificate programs for entities seeking certificates and inclusive of individuals, groups, or organizations and is applicable to training-based certificates for personal development and organizational-related certificates to existing standards or guidelines.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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