ASTM D7072-04(2009)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating Accelerated Efflorescence of Latex Coatings
Standard Practice for Evaluating Accelerated Efflorescence of Latex Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Latex paints are sometimes applied over substrates that contain a high level of water soluble salts that result in efflorescence. This practice evaluates a coating’s vulnerability to efflorescence.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the degree to which a latex paint resists the formation of efflorescence and alkali burnout on the exposed paint surface.
1.2 This practice is designed primarily to relate efflorescence originating in the substrate to the deposit appearing on the surface of latex paints. This practice relates chiefly to the painting of masonry-type substrates such as concrete block, brick, mortar, stucco, poured concrete and similar materials.
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.
1.4 This method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7072 − 04 (Reapproved 2009)
StandardPractice for
Evaluating Accelerated Efflorescence of Latex Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7072; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope from the paint film appearance. The discoloration occurs when
soluble salts in the substrate or paint migrate to the surface by
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the degree to
the leaching and evaporating action of the water carrier. The
which a latex paint resists the formation of efflorescence and
efflorescence originating within the substrate is that with which
alkali burnout on the exposed paint surface.
this method is concerned.
1.2 This practice is designed primarily to relate efflores-
3.1.2 alkali burnout, n—the premature fading or decompo-
cence originating in the substrate to the deposit appearing on
sitionofpaintsthataresensitivetothehighpHofthesubstrate.
the surface of latex paints. This practice relates chiefly to the
The high alkaline content of the substrate can alter the color.
painting of masonry-type substrates such as concrete block,
brick, mortar, stucco, poured concrete and similar materials.
4. Summary of Practice
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
4.1 Panels known to have a level of salts capable of being
The values in parenthesis are for information only.
easily and quickly transported to the paint surface are used.
1.4 This method does not purport to address all of the safety
Since tinted paints show the efflorescence most clearly, all
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility white paints should be tinted before application. The panel is
of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appro-
placed face down over the surface of the test chamber which
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- contains heated water, so that moisture condenses and remains
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
on the painted surface of the panel for a period of 48 h. After
drying at ambient conditions, the panels are rated for the
2. Referenced Documents
degree of efflorescence which has formed.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,
and Related Products 5.1 Latex paints are sometimes applied over substrates that
D1734 Practice for Making Cementitious Panels for Testing contain a high level of water soluble salts that result in
Coatings efflorescence. This practice evaluates a coating’s vulnerability
D4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings to efflorescence.
Using Controlled Condensation
6. Apparatus
D5068 Practice for Preparation of Paint Brushes for Evalu-
ation
6.1 Condensation Test Chamber—As described in Practice
D4585.
3. Terminology (Specific to this Practice)
6.2 Test Substrate—Fiber-cement siding or a substrate
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. The substrate size
3.1.1 efflorescence, n—the deposition of soluble salts on the
would depend on the number of test paints.
exposed paint surface. Efflorescence is characterized by a light
6.3 White Portland Cement and Graded Standard Sand (as
colored, nonuniform, powdery incrustation which detracts
described in Practice D1734).
6.4 Trowel (as described in Practice D1734).
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related
6.5 Paint Brush—Nylon/polyester brush of good quality.
Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
6.6 Electronic Scale capable of 0.1 g.
Current edition approved on Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D7072 - 04. DOI:
7. Reagents and Materials
10.1520/D7072-04R09.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Hardieplank, a registered trademark of James Hardie, was found to be
the ASTM website. acceptable but others may be used.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7072–04 Designation: D7072 – 04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for
Evaluating Accelerated Efflorescence of Latex Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7072; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the degree to which a latex paint resists the formation of efflorescence and alkali
burnout on the exposed paint surface.
1.2 This practice is designed primarily to relate efflorescence originating in the substrate to the deposit appearing on the surface
of latex paints.This practice relates chiefly to the painting of masonry-type substrates such as concrete block, brick, mortar, stucco,
poured concrete and similar materials.
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.
1.4 This method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
D1734 Practice for Making Cementitious Panels for Testing Coatings
D4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation
D5068 Practice for Preparation of Paint Brushes for Evaluation
3. Terminology Terminology (Specific to this Practice)
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 efflorescence, n—the deposition of soluble salts on the exposed paint surface. Efflorescence is characterized by a light
colored, nonuniform, powdery incrustation which detracts from the paint film appearance. The discoloration occurs when soluble
salts in the substrate or paint migrate to the surface by the leaching and evaporating action of the water carrier. The efflorescence
originating within the substrate is that with which this method is concerned.
3.1.2 alkali burnout, n—the premature fading or decomposition of paints that are sensitive to the high pH of the substrate. The
high alkaline content of the substrate can alter the color.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Panels known to have a level of salts capable of being easily and quickly transported to the paint surface are used. Since
tintedpaintsshowtheefflorescencemostclearly,allwhitepaintsshouldbetintedbeforeapplication.Thepanelisplacedfacedown
over the surface of the test chamber which contains heated water, so that moisture condenses and remains on the painted surface
of the panel for a period of 48 h.After drying at ambient conditions, the panels are rated for the degree of efflorescence which has
formed.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Latexpaintsaresometimesappliedoversubstratesthatcontainahighlevelofwatersolublesaltsthatresultinefflorescence.
This practice evaluates a coating’s vulnerability to efflorescence.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved on July 1, 2004. Published August 2004. DOI: 10.1520/D7072-04.
Current edition approved on Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D7072 - 04. DOI:
10.1520/D7072-04R09.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D7072 – 04 (2009)
6. Apparatus
6.1 Condensation Test Chamber—As described in Practice D4585.
6.2 Test Substrate—Fiber-cement siding or a substrate agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. The substrate size would
depend on the number of test paints.
6.3 White Portland Cement and Graded Standard Sand (as described in Practice D1734).
6.4 Trowel (as described in Practice D1734).
6.5 Paint Brush—Nylon/
...
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