ASTM D2454-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
Standard Practice for Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Most coatings are designed for a specific baking time and temperature. For a variety of reasons (line stoppages, rerouting back through ovens, oven overheating, etc.) the prescribed time or temperature, or both, of the bake is often exceeded. This practice has been found to be useful in evaluating the effects of overbakes on coatings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the time-temperature effect of overbaking on the physical and chemical properties of organic coatings.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2454 − 23
Standard Practice for
1
Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2454; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Clear and Pigmented Coating Systems
D1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the time-
of Organic Coatings
temperature effect of overbaking on the physical and chemical
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
properties of organic coatings.
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
standard.
D1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip Aluminum Sur-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
faces for Painting
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
Scrape Adhesion
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac- D2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint and Related
prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7. Coating Products
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Coordinates
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- D2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
2. Referenced Documents
D4145 Test Method for Coating Flexibility of Prepainted
2
Sheet
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D6386 Practice for Preparation of Zinc (Hot-Dip Galva-
D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached
nized) Coated Iron and Steel Product and Hardware
Organic Coatings
Surfaces for Painting
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
Related Coating Products
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
D7396 Guide for Preparation of New, Continuous Zinc-
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
E805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on
3. Terminology
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
3.1 Definitions:
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
3.1.1 overbaking, n—an exposure of the coating to a mod-
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
erately higher temperature or to a longer period of baking, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
both, than recommended by the manufacturer of the coating for
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D2454 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/D2454-23.
normal curing.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This condition is in contrast to “heat
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
resistance” which is a parameter relating to the service life of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. a coating.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2454 − 18 D2454 − 23
Standard Practice for
1
Determining the Effect of Overbaking on Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2454; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the time-temperature effect of overbaking on the physical and chemical properties
of organic coatings.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Coating Systems
D1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
D1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip Aluminum Surfaces for Painting
D2197 Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by Scrape Adhesion
D2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint and Related Coating
Products
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018Feb. 1, 2023. Published July 2018March 2023. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20142018 as
D2454 – 14.D2454 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D2454-18.10.1520/D2454-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D2454 − 23
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
D4145 Test Method for Coating Flexibility of Prepainted Sheet
D6386 Practice for Preparation of Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coated Iron and Steel Product and Hardware Surfaces for Painting
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals
and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
D7396 Guide for Preparation of New, Continuous Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting
E805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 overbaking, n—an exposure of the coating to a moderately higher temperature or to a longer period of baking, or bot
...
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