ASTM D823-17

Standard Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices should be used for those coatings that are designed for spray applications of objects in the factory or in the field. It is particularly important that it be used in the evaluation of metallic coatings for appearance properties, such as gloss and color.  
4.2 Coatings applied by this test method may exhibit a slight orange-peel or spray wave.
SCOPE
1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are:
Practice A—Automatic Spray Machine Application
Practice B—Motor-Driven Dip Coater Application
Practice C—Motor-Driven Blade Film Application
Practice D—Hand-Held Spray Gun Application
Practice E—Hand-Held Blade Film Application  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2017
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D823-95(2012)e1 - Standard Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D2197-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Organic Coatings by Scrape Adhesion
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D4039-09(2023) - Standard Test Method for Reflection Haze of High-Gloss Surfaces
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D5724-16(2021) - Standard Specification for Gouache Paints
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D4138-07a(2022) - Standard Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning Means
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D870-15(2020) - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Immersion
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D3468/D3468M-99(2020) - Standard Specification for Liquid-Applied Neoprene and Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D2134-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Hardness of Organic Coatings with a Sward-Type Hardness Rocker
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D822/D822M-13(2018) - Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D6132-13(2022) - Standard Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic Coating Thickness Gage
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D3170/D3170M-14(2022) - Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D3964-10(2020) - Standard Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens for Appearance Measurements
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D7306-07(2017) - Standard Practice for Testing Low Temperature Film-Formation of Latex Paints by Visual Observation
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D823 − 17
Standard Practices for
Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish,
1
and Related Products on Test Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D823; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform
3
a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are:
D1212 Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thick-
Practice A—Automatic Spray Machine Application
ness of Organic Coatings
Practice B—Motor-Driven Dip Coater Application
D1400 TestMethodforNondestructiveMeasurementofDry
Practice C—Motor-Driven Blade Film Application
Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
Practice D—Hand-Held Spray Gun Application
3
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
Practice E—Hand-Held Blade Film Application
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
3
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Materials (Withdrawn 2016)
only.
PRACTICE A—AUTOMATIC SPRAY MACHINE
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
APPLICATION
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Summary of Practices
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 A liquid material is applied to a test panel by means of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- an automatic spray machine consisting of a mounted spray gun
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and a panel holder. This machine can (1) move the panel
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the holder, with test panel, at a uniform speed through the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
atomized spray produced by a fixed spray gun, or (2)itcan
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
move the gun, with atomized spray, at a uniform speed past the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
test panel mounted on a fixed panel holder. A machine
equipped with a programmable system can index the spray gun
2. Referenced Documents vertically for multiple passes and for multiple coats with
2
selective time delay.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels 3.2 The thickness of coating applied is controlled by the
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
traverse speed of the panel or gun, the fluid delivery rate of the
Related Coating Products gun, the viscosity of the material, and the amount of nonvola-
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
tile matter in the material.
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These practices should be used for those coatings that
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
are designed for spray applications of objects in the factory or
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility
in the field. It is particularly important that it be used in the
of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
evaluation of metallic coatings for appearance properties, such
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
ε1
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D823 – 95 (2012) . as gloss and color.
DOI: 10.1520/D0823-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D823 − 17
4.2 Coatingsappliedbythistestmethodmayexhibitaslight desired pattern and uniformity are obtained. Further refine-
orange-peel or spray wave. ments may be made in the spray pattern by modifying the air
pressure, the type of thinning agent, and the consistency of the
5. Apparatus
material.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D823 − 95 (Reapproved 2012) D823 − 17
Standard Practices for
Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish,
1
and Related Products on Test Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D823; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Figure 3 was replaced and Section 18 was editorially corrected in November 2012.
1. Scope
1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are:
Practice A—Automatic Spray Machine Application
Practice B—Motor-Driven Dip Coater Application
Practice C—Motor-Driven Blade Film Application
Practice D—Hand-Held Spray Gun Application
Practice E—Hand-Held Blade Film Application
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous
3
Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D1212 Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness of Organic Coatings
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
3
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
3
(Withdrawn 2016)
PRACTICE A—AUTOMATIC SPRAY MACHINE APPLICATION
3. Summary of Practices
3.1 A liquid material is applied to a test panel by means of an automatic spray machine consisting of a mounted spray gun and
a panel holder. This machine can (1) move the panel holder, with test panel, at a uniform speed through the atomized spray
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2017. Published November 2012December 2017. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20072012
ε1
as D823 – 95 (2007).(2012) . DOI: 10.1520/D0823-95R12E01.10.1520/D0823-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D823 − 17
produced by a fixed spray gun, or (2) it can move the gun, with atomized spray, at a uniform speed past the test panel mounted
on a fixed panel holder. A machine equipped with a programmable system can index the spray gun vertically for multiple passes
and for multiple coats with selective time delay.
3.2 The thickness of coating applied is controlled by the traverse speed of the panel or gun, the fluid delivery rate of the gun,
the viscosity of the material, and the amount of nonvolatile matter in the material.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These practices should be used for those coatings that are designed for spray applications of o
...