ASTM D6857/D6857M-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Asphalt Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
Standard Test Method for Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Asphalt Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The maximum specific gravities and densities of asphalt mixtures are intrinsic properties whose values are influenced by the composition of the mixture in terms of types and amounts of aggregates and asphalt materials.
5.1.1 They are used to calculate values for percent air voids in compacted asphalt mixtures.
5.1.2 They provide target values for the compaction of asphalt mixtures.
5.1.3 They are essential when calculating the amount of asphalt binder absorbed by the internal porosity of the individual aggregate particles in an asphalt mixture.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of maximum specific gravity and density of uncompacted asphalt mixtures at 25 °C [77 °F].
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalent; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:D6857/D6857M −17
Standard Test Method for
Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Asphalt Mixtures
1
Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6857/D6857M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2041/D2041MTest Method for Theoretical Maximum
Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mix-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of maximum
tures
specificgravityanddensityofuncompactedasphaltmixturesat
D3666Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
25°C [77°F].
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D4753Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
each system may not be exact equivalent; therefore, each
Construction Materials Testing
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
with the standard.
E1547Terminology Relating to Industrial and Specialty
Chemicals
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes
3. Terminology
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard. 3.1 The terms ‘specific gravity’ and ‘density’ used in this
test method are in accordance with the Terminology E1547.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.2.1 density, as determined by this test method—the mass
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ofacubicmeterofthematerialat25°CinSIunits,orthemass
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. of a cubic foot of the material at 77°F in inch-pound units.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2 residual pressure, as employed by this test method—
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the pressure in a vacuum chamber when vacuum is applied.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.3 specific gravity, as determined by this test method—
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the ratio of a given mass of material at 25°C [77°F] to the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 A weighed sample of oven-dry asphalt mixture in the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
looseconditionatroomtemperatureisplacedinsideaspecially
C670Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
designedchannelbag.Thebagcontainingthesampleisplaced
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
inside another bag and placed inside a vacuum chamber.Air is
D979/D979MPractice for Sampling Bituminous Paving
evacuated from the sample to an absolute pressure of 6.0 mm
Mixtures
Hg [6 Torr] and is automatically sealed. The bags containing
the sample are removed from the vacuum chamber and placed
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
insidealargewatertankequippedwithscalesforweighingthe
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on
sample under water. While completely submerged, the bag is
Specific Gravity and Density of Asphalt Mixtures.
cut open by scissors to allow the water to enter the bag. Since
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
the sample is under complete vacuum, water will be forced
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6857/D6857M–11.
DOI: 10.1520/D6857_D6857M-17.
around all the accessible areas of the sample.The difference in
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
weight in air and suspended weight in water will provide the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sample volume after correcting for the bag influence. The dry
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. weight and the volume can be used to calculate the maximum
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6857/D6857M − 11 D6857/D6857M − 17
Standard Test Method for
Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous
Paving Asphalt Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6857/D6857M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of maximum specific gravity of and density of uncompacted bituminous paving
asphalt mixtures at 25°C [77°F].25 °C [77 °F].
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalent; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D979D979/D979M Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D2041D2041/D2041M Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction
Materials Testing
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1547 Terminology Relating to Industrial and Specialty Chemicals
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms specific gravity‘specific gravity’ and density‘density’ used in this test method are in accordance with the
Terminology E1547.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 density, as determined by this test method—the mass of a cubic meter of the material at 25°C25 °C in SI units, or the mass
of a cubic foot of the material at 77°F77 °F in inch-pound units.
3.2.2 residual pressure, as employed by this test method—the pressure in a vacuum chamber when vacuum is applied.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on Specific
Gravity and Density of BituminousAsphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011June 1, 2017. Published July 2011June 2017. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20092011 as
D6857 – 09.D6857/D6857M – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D6857_D6857M-11.10.1520/D6857_D6857M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6857/D6857M − 17
3.2.3 specific gravity, as determined by this test method—the ratio of a given mass of material at 25°C [77°F]25 °C [77 °F] to
the mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A weighed sample of oven-dry pavingasphalt mixture in the loose condition at room temperature is placed inside a specially
designed channel bag. The bag containing the sample is placed inside another bag and placed inside a vacuum cha
...
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