ASTM G125-00(2015)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Liquid and Solid Material Fire Limits in Gaseous Oxidants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides for measuring of the minimum conditions of a range of parameters (concentration of oxidant in a flowing mixture of oxidant and diluent, pressure, temperature) that will just support sustained propagation of combustion. For materials that exhibit flaming combustion, this is a flammability limit similar to the lower flammability limit, upper flammability limit, and minimum oxidant for combustion of gases (1).4 However, unlike flammability limits for gases, in two-phase systems, the concept of upper and lower flame limits is not meaningful. However, limits can typically be determined for variations in other parameters such as the minimum oxidant for combustion (the oxidant index), the pressure limit, the temperature limit, and others. Measurement and use of these data are analogous to the measurement and use of the corresponding data for gaseous systems. That is, the limits apply to systems likely to experience complete propagations (equilibrium combustion). Successful ignition and combustion below the measured limits at other conditions or of a transient nature are not precluded below the threshold. Flammability limits measured at one set of conditions are not necessarily the lowest thresholds at which combustion can occur. Therefore direct correlation of these data with the burning characteristics under actual use conditions is not implied.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the threshold-limit conditions to allow equilibrium of combustion of materials in various oxidant gases under specific test conditions of pressure, temperature, flow condition, fire-propagation directions, and various other geometrical features of common systems.  
1.2 This test method is patterned after Test Method D2863-95 and incorporates its procedure for measuring the limit as a function of oxidant concentration for the most commonly used test conditions. Sections 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and  for the basic oxidant limit (oxygen index) procedure are quoted directly from Test Method D2863-95. Oxygen index data reported in accordance with Test Method D2863-95 are acceptable substitutes for data collected with this standard under similar conditions.  
1.3 This test method has been found applicable to testing and ranking various forms of materials. It has also found limited usefulness for surmising the prospect that materials will prove “oxygen compatible” in actual systems. However, its results do not necessarily apply to any condition that does not faithfully reproduce the conditions during test. The fire limit is a measurement of a behavioral property and not a physical property. Uses of these data are addressed in Guides G63 and G94.  
Note 1: Although this test method has been found applicable for testing a range of materials in a range of oxidants with a range of diluents, the accuracy has not been determined for many of these combinations and conditions of specimen geometry, outside those of the basic procedure as applied to plastics.
Note 2: Test Method D2863-95 has been revised and the revised Test Method has been issued as D2863-97. The major changes involve sample dimensions, burning criteria and the method for determining the oxygen index. The aim of the revisions was to align Test Method D2863 with ISO 4589-2. Six laboratories conducted comparison round robin testing on self-supporting plastics and cellular materials using D2863-95 and D2863-97. The results indicate that there is no difference between the means provided y the two methods at the 95 % confidence level. No comparison tests were conducted on thin films. The majority of ASTM Committee G4 favors maintaining the D2863-95 as the backbone of G125 until comprehensive comparison data become available.  
1.4 One very specific set of test conditions for measuring the fire limits of metals in oxygen has been codified in Test Method G124. Test Method G124 measures the minimum pressure limit in oxygen fo...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2015
• ICS: 13.300 - Protection against dangerous goods
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.01 - Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G125 − 00 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Liquid and Solid Material Fire Limits in Gaseous
1
Oxidants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G125; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
Method has been issued as D2863-97. The major changes involve sample
1. Scope
dimensions, burning criteria and the method for determining the oxygen
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the
index. The aim of the revisions was to align Test Method D2863 with ISO
threshold-limit conditions to allow equilibrium of combustion
4589-2. Six laboratories conducted comparison round robin testing on
self-supporting plastics and cellular materials using D2863-95 and D2863-
of materials in various oxidant gases under specific test
97. The results indicate that there is no difference between the means
conditions of pressure, temperature, flow condition, fire-
provided y the two methods at the 95 % confidence level. No comparison
propagation directions, and various other geometrical features
tests were conducted on thin films. The majority of ASTM Committee G4
of common systems.
favors maintaining the D2863-95 as the backbone of G125 until compre-
hensive comparison data become available.
1.2 This test method is patterned after Test Method
D2863-95 and incorporates its procedure for measuring the 1.4 One very specific set of test conditions for measuring
the fire limits of metals in oxygen has been codified in Test
limit as a function of oxidant concentration for the most
commonly used test conditions. Sections 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and Method G124. Test Method G124 measures the minimum
pressure limit in oxygen for its own set of test conditions. Its
for the basic oxidant limit (oxygen index) procedure are quoted
directly from Test Method D2863-95. Oxygen index data details are not reproduced in this standard. A substantial
database is available for this procedure, although it is much
reported in accordance with Test Method D2863-95 are accept-
able substitutes for data collected with this standard under smaller than the database for Test Method D2863-95.
(Warning—During the course of combustion, gases, vapors,
similar conditions.
aerosols, fumes or any combination of these are evolved which
1.3 This test method has been found applicable to testing
may be hazardous.) (Warning—Adequate precautions should
and ranking various forms of materials. It has also found
be taken to protect the operator.)
limited usefulness for surmising the prospect that materials will
prove “oxygen compatible” in actual systems. However, its
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
results do not necessarily apply to any condition that does not standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
faithfully reproduce the conditions during test. The fire limit is
standard.
a measurement of a behavioral property and not a physical
1.6 This basic standard should be used to measure and
property. Uses of these data are addressed in Guides G63 and
describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in
G94.
response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory con-
ditions and should not be used to directly describe or appraise
NOTE 1—Although this test method has been found applicable for
testing a range of materials in a range of oxidants with a range of diluents,
the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products or assemblies
the accuracy has not been determined for many of these combinations and
under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may
conditions of specimen geometry, outside those of the basic procedure as
be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into
applied to plastics.
account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment
NOTE 2—Test Method D2863-95 has been revised and the revised Test
of the fire hazard of a particular end use. The standard has
more applicability in this regard at predicting the fire behavior
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on
of materials and components that are close in size to the test
Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is
condition, than for systems that are much different (for ex-
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods. Portions have
been adopted from Test Method D2863-95, which is under the jurisdiction of ASTM ample: comparing a test rod to a valve seat rather than
Committee D20 on Plastics.
comparing a test rod to a house or a particle).
Current edition approved Oct. 1
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G125 − 00 (Reapproved 2008) G125 − 00 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Liquid and Solid Material Fire Limits in Gaseous
1
Oxidants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G125; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the threshold-limit conditions to allow equilibrium of combustion of
materials in various oxidant gases under specific test conditions of pressure, temperature, flow condition, fire-propagation
directions, and various other geometrical features of common systems.
1.2 This test method is patterned after Test Method D2863-95 and incorporates its procedure for measuring the limit as a
function of oxidant concentration for the most commonly used test conditions. Sections 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and for the basic oxidant
limit (oxygen index) procedure are quoted directly from Test Method D2863-95. Oxygen index data reported in accordance with
Test Method D2863-95 are acceptable substitutes for data collected with this standard under similar conditions.
1.3 This test method has been found applicable to testing and ranking various forms of materials. It has also found limited
usefulness for surmising the prospect that materials will prove “oxygen compatible” in actual systems. However, its results do not
necessarily apply to any condition that does not faithfully reproduce the conditions during test. The fire limit is a measurement of
a behavioral property and not a physical property. Uses of these data are addressed in Guides G63 and G94.
NOTE 1—Although this test method has been found applicable for testing a range of materials in a range of oxidants with a range of diluents, the
accuracy has not been determined for many of these combinations and conditions of specimen geometry, outside those of the basic procedure as applied
to plastics.
NOTE 2—Test Method D2863-95 has been revised and the revised Test Method has been issued as D2863-97. The major changes involve sample
dimensions, burning criteria and the method for determining the oxygen index. The aim of the revisions was to align Test Method D2863 with ISO 4589-2.
Six laboratories conducted comparison round robin testing on self-supporting plastics and cellular materials using D2863-95 and D2863-97. The results
indicate that there is no difference between the means provided y the two methods at the 95 % confidence level. No comparison tests were conducted
on thin films. The majority of ASTM Committee G4 favors maintaining the D2863-95 as the backbone of G125 until comprehensive comparison data
become available.
1.4 One very specific set of test conditions for measuring the fire limits of metals in oxygen has been codified in Test Method
G124. Test Method G124 measures the minimum pressure limit in oxygen for its own set of test conditions. Its details are not
reproduced in this standard. A substantial database is available for this procedure, although it is much smaller than the database
for Test Method D2863-95. (Warning—During the course of combustion, gases, vapors, aerosols, fumes or any combination of
these are evolved which may be hazardous.) (Warning—Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the operator.)
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This basic standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to directly describe or appraise the fire hazard
or fire risk of materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements
of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a
particular end use. The standard has more applicability in this regard at predicting the fire behavior of materials and components
that are close in size to the test condition, than for systems that are much different (for example: comparing a test rod to a valve
seat rather than comparing a test rod to a house or a particle)particle).
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any
...