ASTM D6791-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Grain Stability of Calcined Petroleum Coke
Standard Test Method for Determination of Grain Stability of Calcined Petroleum Coke
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The grain stability of calcined petroleum coke determines the resistance to breakdown of +4 mm particles used in the manufacture of carbon anodes for use in the reduction process of aluminum.
Calcined petroleum cokes have to be relatively easy to grind for fines production but strong enough to withstand forming pressures and thermal stresses occurring when the anodes are used in the reduction process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory vibration mill method for the determination of the grain stability of calcined petroleum coke for the manufacture of carbon products used in the smelting of aluminum. Calcined petroleum coke with poor mechanical strength may become degraded during mixing. Poor grain stability will affect the grain size and may result in poor quality of baked blocks.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6791 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Grain Stability of Calcined Petroleum
1
Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope* 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 6375Carbonaceous Materials for the Production of
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory vibration mill
Aluminum—Coke for Electrodes—Sampling
method for the determination of the grain stability of calcined
petroleumcokeforthemanufactureofcarbonproductsusedin
3. Terminology
the smelting of aluminum. Calcined petroleum coke with poor
mechanical strength may become degraded during mixing. 3.1 Definitions:
Poor grain stability will affect the grain size and may result in 3.1.1 calcined petroleum coke, n—petroleum coke that has
poor quality of baked blocks. been thermally treated to drive off the volatile matter and to
develop crystalline structure.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 petroleum coke, n—solid, carbonaceous residue pro-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
duced by thermal decomposition of heavy petroleum fractions,
standard.
or cracked stocks, or both.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 A representative sample of calcined petroleum coke is
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. dried and screened toa4to8mm fraction. The resultant
sampleisweighedsothattwoseparateportionsof100.0 60.5
2. Referenced Documents
g mass are obtained. The samples are place into the laboratory
2 mill and ground for a specified period of time. After grinding
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the sample is screened and the mass of the +4 mm material is
D346Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
determined. The grain stability is the percent of the original
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
material remaining on the +4 mm sieve.
D2013Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234MPractice for Collection of a Gross Sample
5. Significance and Use
of Coal
D6969Practice for Preparation of Calcined Petroleum Coke 5.1 The grain stability of calcined petroleum coke deter-
Samples for Analysis mines the resistance to breakdown of +4 mm particles used in
D6970Practice for Collection of Calcined Petroleum Coke the manufacture of carbon anodes for use in the reduction
Samples for Analysis process of aluminum.
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
5.2 Calcined petroleum cokes have to be relatively easy to
Sieves
grind for fines production but strong enough to withstand
forming pressures and thermal stresses occurring when the
anodes are used in the reduction process.
6. Interferences
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
6.1 No material normally applied to the calcined petroleum
SubcommitteeD02.05onPropertiesofFuels,PetroleumCokeandCarbonMaterial.
coke is found to cause analytical interference with this proce-
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
dure.
in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6791–06. DOI: 10.1520/
D6791-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6791 − 11
1 = mill
2 = common base plate
4 = flat springs
5 = adjustable straps
7,8 = grinding vessels
9 = motor
13 = quick release catch
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 1 Laboratory Vibration Mill (Front View)
7. Apparatus the body of the mill, and is driven by the motor by way of a
special clutch and a hollow flexible shaft.
7.1 Analytical Balance, accurate to 60.1 g.
7.4.2 Thepeak-to-peakamplitudeofthevibrationshallbe4
7.2 Rifflers, with hoppers and closures.
60.5mm.Areferencediscisfittedtothefrontofthemachine
5
7.3 Wire Sieves,8mm( ⁄16in.)and4mm(5mesh),meeting
to measure the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6791–06 Designation: D6791 – 11
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Grain Stability of Calcined Petroleum
1
Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6791; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory vibration mill method for the determination of the grain stability of calcined petroleum
coke for the manufacture of carbon products used in the smelting of aluminum. Calcined petroleum coke with poor mechanical
strength may become degraded during mixing. Poor grain stability will affect the grain size and may result in poor quality of baked
blocks.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included
in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D6969 Practice for Preparation of Calcined Petroleum Coke Samples for Analysis
D6970 Practice for Collection of Calcined Petroleum Coke Samples for Analysis
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 6375 Carbonaceous Materials for the Production of Aluminum—Coke for Electrodes—Sampling
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 calcined petroleum coke, n—petroleum coke that has been thermally treated to drive off the volatile matter and to develop
crystalline structure.
3.1.2 petroleum coke, n—solid, carbonaceous residue produced by thermal decomposition of heavy petroleum fractions, or
cracked stocks, or both.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A representative sample of calcined petroleum coke is dried and screened toa4to8mm fraction. The resultant sample is
weighed so that two separate portions of 100.0 6 0.5 g mass are obtained. The samples are place into the laboratory mill and
ground for a specified period of time. After grinding the sample is screened and the mass of the +4 mm material is determined.
The grain stability is the percent of the original material remaining on the +4 mm sieve.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The grain stability of calcined petroleum coke determines the resistance to breakdown of +4 mm particles used in the
manufacture of carbon anodes for use in the reduction process of aluminum.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.05 on
Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved JulyJune 1, 2006.2011. Published July 2006.2011. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20022006 as
D6791–02.D6791–06. DOI: 10.1520/D6791-06.10.1520/D6791-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6791 – 11
5.2 Calcined petroleum cokes have to be relatively easy to grind for fines production but strong enough to withstand forming
pressures and thermal stresses occurring when the anodes are used in the reduction process.
6. Interferences
6.1 No material normally applied to the calcined petroleum coke is found to cause analytical interference with this procedure.
7. Apparatus
7.1 Analytical Balance, accurate to 60.1 g.
7.2 Rifflers, with hoppers and closures.
5
7.3 Wire Sieves,8mm( ⁄16 in.) and 4 mm (5 mesh), meeting Specification E11.
4
7.4 Laboratory Vibrat
...
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