ASTM D5771-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)
Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
For petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, the cloud point is an index of the lowest temperature of their utility for certain applications. Wax crystals of sufficient quantity can plug filters used in some fuel systems.
Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the cloud point.
This test method can determine the temperature of the test specimen at which wax crystals have formed sufficiently to be observed as a cloud with a resolution of 0.1°C.
This test method provides results that, when rounded to the next lower integer, are equivalent to Test Method D2500. Refer to 12.2.
This test method is more precise than Test Method D2500.
Note 1—According to interlaboratory examination, the reproducibility of this test method has been found to be more precise than Test Method D2500.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the description of the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, by an automatic instrument using an optical device.
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from −60 to +49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C, however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the temperature range of –56 to +34°C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5771–10
Designation: 444/99
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection
1
Stepped Cooling Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5771; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point of
petroleumproductsTestMethodD2500/IP219usinganautomaticapparatus.Thetemperatureresults
from this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP219. When
specification requires Test Method D2500/IP219, do not substitute this test method or any other
method without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.
1. Scope* D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the description of the determi-
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
nation of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel
Petroleum Products
fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, by an
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
automatic instrument using an optical device.
3
IP219 TestMethodforCloudPointofPetroleumProducts
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures
4
2.3 Other Standard:
from−60 to+49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C,
IEC 751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer Sen-
however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997
sors
interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the
temperature range of –56 to +34°C.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of
standard.
long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fats, designated B 100.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mono-estersandglycerin.Thefueltypicallymaycontainupto
2. Referenced Documents 14differenttypesoffattyacidsthatarechemicallytransformed
2
into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the
volume % of biodiesel.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.1.3 cloud point, n—in petroleum products and biodiesel
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5771–05. DOI:
10.1520/D5771-10.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue de
the ASTM website. Varembé, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iec.ch.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D5771–10
TABLE 1 Jacket and Specimen Cooling Temperatures
Specimen Temperature, °C Jacket Temperature, °C
ST >+10 06 0.5
+10$ ST > − 7 −17.26 0.5
−7$ ST > − 24 −34.2 6 0.5
−24$ ST > − 41 −51.26 0.5
−41$ ST > − 58 −68.26 0.5
−58$ ST > − 75 −85.26 0.5
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon D2500, although, according to interlaboratory examination the
cooling under prescribed conditions. results have been determined to be equivalent to Test Method
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The cloud point occurs when the tem- D2500.
perature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarbon
3.2.2 optical detection stepped cooling method, n—in cloud
crystals to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the c
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5771–05 Designation: D5771 – 10
Designation: 444/99
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection
1
Stepped Cooling Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5771; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point of
petroleum productsTest Method D2500/IP219 using an automatic apparatus.The temperature results
from this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219. When
specification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219, do not substitute this test method or any other
method without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethoddescribescoversthedescriptionofthedeterminationofthecloudpointofpetroleumproductsandbiodiesel
fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness, by an automatic instrument using an optical device.
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from−60 to+49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C, however, the
range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the temperature range of –56
to +34°C.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
3
IP 219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
4
2.3 Other Standard:
IEC 751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer Sensors
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
Flow Properties.
Current edition approved JulyMay 1, 2005.2010. Published August 2005.2010. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20042005as
D5771–04.D5771–05. DOI: 10.1520/D5771-105.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, England WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
4
Available from International Electrotechnical Commission, P.O. 131, 3 Rue de Varembe, CH-Geneve 1211–2.0.
4
Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 rue de Varembé, Case postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iec.ch.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5771 – 10
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated B 100.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield mono-esters and glycerin. The fuel typically may contain up to 14
different types of fatty acids that are chemically transformed into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the volume
% of biodiesel.
3.1.3 cloud point, n— in petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon cooling under prescribed conditions.
3.1.3.1 D
...
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