ASTM F2648/F2648M-07

Standard Specification for 2 to 60 inch [50 to 1500 mm] Annular Corrugated Profile Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land Drainage Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements and corresponding test methods for non-pressure (gravity flow) polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings having interior liner with annular corrugated exterior wall profile, and whose inside diameters are 2 to 60 in. [50 to 1500 mm]. These pipes and fittings are suitable for underground use in subsurface and land drainage systems, which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads. Material requirements are specified for pipe and blow molded fittings, rotationally molded fittings and couplings, injection molded fittings and couplings, and rework materials. The resulting products shall be tested as appropriate, and shall conform to specified requirements for workmanship, dimension (inside diameter, length, minimum inner liner thickness, and perforations), stiffness, flattening resistance, impact resistance, and slow crack growth resistance of PE plastics without pigment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for annular corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe and fittings with an interior liner. The inside diameters covered are 2 to 60 in. [50 to 1500 mm].
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide non-pressure (gravity flow) pipe and fittings suitable for underground use for subsurface and land drainage systems, which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads.Note 1
Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specification are be installed in compliance with Practice D 2321 or Practice F 449 based on diameter limitations within the respective standards.Note 2
Subsurface and land drainage systems pertain principally to non-municipal or private facilities for water table control, storm drainage and agricultural drainage applications. The products supplied under this specification are not intended for any sanitary sewer or municipal storm sewer applications.
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an interior liner using an annular exterior corrugated profile ().
1.4 Units The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-May-2007
• ICS: 65.060.35 - Irrigation and drainage equipment
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.65 - Land Drainage

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F2648/F2648M-10 - Standard Specification for 2 to 60 inch [50 to 1500 mm] Annular Corrugated Profile Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land Drainage Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2510/F2510M-22 - Standard Specification for Resilient Connectors Between Reinforced Concrete Manhole Structures and Corrugated Dual- and Triple-Wall Polyethylene and Polypropylene Pipes
• Effective Date: 15-May-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: F2648/F2648M – 07
Standard Specification for
2 to 60 inch [50 to 1500 mm] Annular Corrugated Profile
Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Land Drainage
Applications
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF2648/F2648M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods 2.1 ASTM Standards:
for annular corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe and D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
fittings with an interior liner. The inside diameters covered are D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
2 to 60 in. [50 to 1500 mm]. Plastics
1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
provide non-pressure (gravity flow) pipe and fittings suitable moplastic Pipe and Fittings
for underground use for subsurface and land drainage systems, D2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-
which do not operate under surcharge pressure heads. plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-
tions
NOTE 1—Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specifica-
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
tion are be installed in compliance with Practice D2321 or Practice F449
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
based on diameter limitations within the respective standards.
NOTE 2—Subsurface and land drainage systems pertain principally to D2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-
non-municipal or private facilities for water table control, storm drainage
tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a
and agricultural drainage applications. The products supplied under this
Tup (Falling Weight)
specification are not intended for any sanitary sewer or municipal storm
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and
sewer applications.
Fittings Materials
1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
interior liner using an annular exterior corrugated profile (Fig.
F449 Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated
1).
PolyethylenePipeforAgriculturalDrainageorWaterTable
1.4 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or
Control
SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
F2136 Test Method for Notched, Constant Ligament-Stress
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore,
(NCLS)Test to Determine Slow-Crack-Growth Resistance
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
of HDPE Resins or HDPE Corrugated Pipe
ing values from the two systems may result in non-
2.2 American Association of Highway and Transportation
conformance with the standard.
Officials
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(AASHTO)AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.3 Federal Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Fed. Stds. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on Land http://www.transportation.org.
Drainage. F17Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Docu-
Current edition approved May 15, 2007. Published May 2007. DOI: 10.1520/ ments, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401,
F2648_F2648M-07. http://www.access.gpo.gov
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2648/F2648M – 07
FIG. 1 Annular Corrugated Profile Wall Polyethylene Pipe with Interior Liner
TABLE 1 Pipe Stiffness and Pipe Dimensions
A
Pipe Inside Diameter Minimum Pipe Stiffness at 5% Deflection Minimum Inner Liner Thickness
inch [mm] lb/in/in [kPa] Inch [mm]
2 [50] 50 [345] 0.020 [0.5]
3 [75] 50 [345] 0.020 [0.5]
4 [100] 50 [345] 0.020 [0.5]
6 [150] 50 [345] 0.020 [0.5]
8 [200] 50 [345] 0.024 [0.6]
10 [250] 50 [345] 0.024 [0.6]
12 [300] 50 [345] 0.035 [0.9]
15 [375] 42 [290] 0.040 [1.0]
18 [450] 40 [275] 0.051 [1.3]
21 [525] 38 [260] 0.060 [1.5]
24 [600] 34 [235] 0.060 [1.5]
27 [675] 30 [205] 0.060 [1.5]
30 [750] 28 [195] 0.060 [1.5]
36 [900] 22 [150] 0.067 [1.7]
42 [1050] 20 [140] 0.071 [1.8]
48 [1200] 18 [125] 0.071 [1.8]
54 [1350] 16 [110] 0.079 [2.0]
60 [1500] 14 [97] 0.079 [2.0]
A
Inside Diameters for metric (SI) sizes are in direct Imperial equivalent dimensions
2.4 Military Standard: 3.2.3 mold line, n—Aline formed on the product as a result
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage of the mold blocks parting during manufacturing, also referred
2.5 USDA Standard: to as a parting line.
Engineering Standard 606
3.2.4 profile wall, n—Apipe wall construction that presents
aninteriorlinerinthewaterwaybutincludesribs,corrugations,
3. Terminology
or other shapes, which can be either solid or hollow, that helps
brace the pipe against diametrical deformation.
3.1 Definitions: Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
nology F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
4. Ordering Information
nologyD1600,unlessotherwisespecified.Theabbreviationfor
polyethylene is PE.
4.1 Orders for product made to this specification should
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
include the following information to adequately describe the
3.2.1 buckling, v—Any reverse curvature or deformation in
desired product:
the pipe wall or profile element that reduces the load-carrying
4.1.1 This ASTM designation
capacity of the pipe. For testing evaluations in this standard,
4.1.2 Perforations,
buckling is defined as the point where the pipe no longer
4.1.2.1 With perforations,
sustains increasing or constant load with increasing deflection.
4.1.2.2 without perforations,
3.2.2 inside diameter, n—The manufacturer’s stated pipe
4.1.3 Diameters,
inside diameter (Table 1).
4.1.4 Total footage of each pipe diameter involved,
4.1.5 Pipe Length,
4.1.6 Fitting Type(s),
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
4.1.6.1 Size and Type of fittings, including mainline and
www.dodssp.daps.mil.
branch diameters, and
Available from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1400 Independence
Ave., S.W. Washington, DC 20250. 4.1.6.2 Number of Fittings per Diameter.
F2648/F2648M – 07
5. Materials and Manufacture the material meets the same or higher SpecificationD3350 cell
classification as the material required for the intended part and
5.1 Basic Materials
pipe or fittings to be produced under this specification.
5.1.1 Pipe and Blow Molded Fittings—The pipe and
fittings shall be made of PE plastic compound meeting the
6. General Requirements
requirementsofthefollowingcellclassificationsasdefinedand
6.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homoge-
described in Specification D3350:
neous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practical
Pipe Diameter 2 through 10-inch: Cell Class 424420C or
in color, opacity and density. The pipe walls shall be free of
424420E (ESCR Test Condition B)
cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other
Pipe Diameter 12 through 60-inch: Cell Class 435420C or
defects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect the
435420E (ESCR Test Condition B)
wall integrity. There shall be no delaminaiton or separation of
When carbon black is used, the carbon black content shall
the inner liner and the profile. The ends shall be cut squarely
not exceed 4 %. In all cases, the density of the PE plastic
and cleanly. Holes intentionally placed in perforated pipe shall
without pigment shall not be less than 0.945gm/cc nor greater
be permitted.
than 0.955 gm/cc. Compounds that have a higher cell classifi-
6.1.1 Visible defects, cracks, creases, splits, obstruction to
cationinoneormorepropertiesshallbepermittedprovidedall
flow in perforations, or in pipe are not permissible.
other product requirements are met.
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerance
5.1.2 Rotationally Molded Fittings and Couplings—
6.2.1 Inside Diameter—The average measured inside diam-
Compounds used in the manufacture of rotationally molded
eter for pipe and fittings shall not vary more than (+/−) 1.0%
fittings and couplings shall be made of PE plastic compound
from the inside diameter when measured in accordance with
meeting the requirements of cell classification 213320C or
7.4.1.
213320E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined in Specification
D3350, except that the carbon black content shall not exceed 4
NOTE 3—The outside diameters and the corrugation pitch of products
manufactured to this specification are not specified; therefore, compatibil-
%. Compounds that have a higher cell classification in one or
ity between pipe and fittings from different manufacturers or the same
more properties shall be permitted provided all other product
manufacturer shall be verified.
requirements are met.
5.1.3 Injection Molded Fittings and Couplings— 6.2.2 Length—The pipe shall be supplied in any length
Compounds used in the manufacture of injection molded agreeabletoboththeownerandmanufacturer.Lengthshallnot
fittings and couplings shall be made of PE plastic compound be less than 99% of stated quantity when measured in
meeting the requirements of cell classification 414420C or accordance with 7.4.2.
414420E (ESCR Test Condition B) as defined in Specification 6.2.3 Minimum Inner Liner Thickness—Theminimuminner
D3350, except that the carbon black content shall not exceed 4 liner thickness of the pipe shall meet the requirements given in
%. Compounds that have a higher cell classification in one or Table 1 when measured in accordance with 7.4.3.
more properties shall be permitted provided all other product 6.2.4 Perforations—Perforations shall be cleanly cut,
requirements are met. placed in the valley of the corrugation rib, and uniformly
5.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material generated
spacedalongthelengthandcircumferenceofthepipe.Dimen-
from the manufacturer’s own pipe and fittings production shall sions of the perforations and the minimum perforation inlet
bepermittedtobeusedbythesamemanufacturerprovidedthat
area shall be as listed inTable 2. Other perforation dimensions
TABLE 2 Perforation Dimensions
Pipe Inside Diameter Type of Perforation
Circular
Maximum Diameter Minimum Inlet Area
2 2
inch [mm] in. [mm] In /ft cm /m
2 [50] 0.187 [4.75] 1.0 [20]
4 [75] 0.187 [4.75] 1.0 [20]
4 [100] 0.187 [4.75] 1.0 [20]
6 [150] 0.187 [4.75] 1.0 [20]
8 [200] 0.256 [6.25] 1.0 [20]
10 [250] 0.315 [8.00] 1.0 [20]
12 [300] 0.375 [10] 1.5 [30]
15 [375] 0.375 [10] 1.5 [30]
18 [450] 0.375 [10] 1.5 [30]
21 [525] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
24 [600] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
27 [675] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
30 [750] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
36 [900] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
42 [1050] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
48 [1200] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
54 [1350] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
60 [1500] 0.375 [10] 2.0 [40]
F2648/F2648M – 07
and configurations shall be permitted where required to meet 7.4.2 Length—Measure pipe length in accordance withTest
the needs of the specifier. All measurements shall be made in Method D2122. Length shall be measured at ambient tempera-
accordancewith7.4.4.Pipeconnectedbybellandspigotjoints ture.
shall not be perforated in the area of the bells and spigots. 7.4.3 Minimum Inner Liner Thickness—Measure the thick-
ness of the inner liner in accordance with Test Method D2122.
6.3 Pipe Stiffness—Minimumpipestiffnessat5%deflection
Each specimen shall be cut perpendicular to the seam line of
shall meet the requirements given in Table 2 when tested in
thepipedirectlythroughacorrugationallowingaplainviewof
accordance with 7.5.
theinnerwall360degreesaroundthecircumferenceinorderto
NOTE 4—The 5% deflection criterion, which was selected for testing
obtain a minimum of eight measurements in accordance with
convenience, is not a limitation with respect to in-use deflection. The
Test Method D2122.As an alternative to Test Method D2122,
engineer is responsible for establishing the acceptable deflection limit.
minimum liner thickness is allowed to be determined with the
6.4 Pipe Flattening—There shall be no evidence of split-
use of a calibrated ultrasonic thickness gauge.
ting, cracking, breaking, separation of seams, separation be-
NOTE 6—Test Method D2122 also permits the use of alternate mea-
tween the exterior corrugation and inner liner, or combinations
surement methods such as ultrasonic gauges.
thereof, when tested in accordance with 7.6.
7.4.4 Perforations—Measure dimensions of perforations on
6.5 Pipe Impact Strength—There shall be no evidence of
a straight specimen without external forces applied. Linear
splitting,cracking,breaking,separationofseams,separationof
measurements shall be made with an instrument with calibra-
the outer and inner wall, or combinations thereof, when tested
tion increments of 0.01 in. [0.25 mm].
in accordance with 7.7.
7.5 Pipe Stiffness—Select three pipe specimens and test for
6.6 Fittings and Joining Systems
pipe stiffness in accordance with Test Method D2412, except
6.6.1 Only fittings supplied or recommended by the pipe
for the following conditions:
manufacturer shall be used. Fittings shall be installed in
7.5.1 Thetestspecimensshallbeaminimumofthelesserof
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
one diameter or 24 inches but not less than three full corruga-
6.6.2 The joining system(s) shall be of a design that
tions in length.
preserves alignment during construction and prevents separa-
7.5.2 Each specimen shall be cut mid valley to mid valley
tionatthejoints.Bellandspigot,externalsnaporsplitcouplers
while still meeting or exceeding the minimum length require-
are examples of typical designs.
ment.
NOTE 5—The ability of a joint to resist soil infiltration (soil tightness) 7.5.3 Locate the first specimen in the loading mac
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