ASTM C878/C878M-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
Standard Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Since the potential for expansion, under conditions of controlled restraint, of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement cannot always be satisfactorily predicted from tests of mortars made in accordance with Test Method C806, a need has been recognized for a test method in which concrete specimens are tested.
4.2 This test method can also be adapted readily to studies of expansion involving degrees of restraint, comparisons of cements, effects of cement contents, mixture proportions, schedules, or environmental treatments that differ from the standard procedures prescribed by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C878/C878M − 22
Standard Test Method for
Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C878/C878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expan-
C806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Expansive
sion of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement.
Cement Mortar
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
C845/C845M Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Ce-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
ment
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3
2.2 ACI Standards and Committee Reports:
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
CT ACI Concrete Terminology
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
223R Guide for the Use of Shrinkage-Compensating Con-
with the standard.
crete
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Terms used in this test method are defined inTerminolo-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
gies C219 and C125.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—Additional terms not found in Terminologies C219 or C125
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
may be found in ACI CT.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Significance and Use
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 Since the potential for expansion, under conditions of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
controlled restraint, of concrete made with shrinkage-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
compensating cement cannot always be satisfactorily predicted
2. Referenced Documents from tests of mortars made in accordance with Test Method
2 C806, a need has been recognized for a test method in which
2.1 ASTM Standards:
concrete specimens are tested.
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
gregates 4.2 This test method can also be adapted readily to studies
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test of expansion involving degrees of restraint, comparisons of
Specimens in the Laboratory cements, effects of cement contents, mixture proportions,
schedules, or environmental treatments that differ from the
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inor-
ganic Cements standard procedures prescribed by this test method.
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Deter-
5. Apparatus
mination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste,
Mortar, and Concrete
5.1 Molds, for casting test specimens, when used in con-
junction with the restraining cage described in 4.2, shall
provide for forming prisms 76 mm [3 in.] square with a gage
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
length of 250 mm [10 in.]. The molds shall otherwise conform
and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.68
to the requirements for molds in Practice C490/C490M, except
on Volume Change.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally
that the stud holder, gage studs, and spacer screws described in
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C878/C878M – 14a.
that practice will not be used.
DOI: 10.1520/C0878_C0878M-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C878/C878M − 22
exercise judgment as to whether or not all must be tested.The designation
5.2 Restraining Cage, consisting of a threaded low-carbon
“10-24” is used in ordina
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C878/C878M − 14a C878/C878M − 22
Standard Test Method for
Restrained Expansion of Shrinkage-Compensating
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C878/C878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating cement.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
C490C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar,
and Concrete
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Expansive Cement Mortar
C845C845/C845M Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement
3
2.2 ACI Standards and Committee Reports:
CT ACI Concrete Terminology
223R Guide for the Use of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.68 on Volume
Change.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014Oct. 15, 2022. Published July 2014December 2022. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
C878C878/C878M – 14.14a. DOI: 10.1520/C0878_C0878M-14A.10.1520/C0878_C0878M-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C878/C878M − 22
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms used in this test method are defined in Terminologies C219 and C125.
NOTE 1—Additional terms not found in Terminologies C219 or C125 may be found in ACI CT.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Since the potential for expansion, under conditions of controlled restraint, of concrete made with shrinkage-compensating
cement cannot always be satisfactorily predicted from tests of mortars made in accordance with Test Method C806, a need has been
recognized for a test method in which concrete specimens are tested.
4.2 This test method can also be adapted readily to studies of expansion involving degrees of restraint, comparisons of cements,
effects of cement contents, mixture proportions, schedules, or environmental treatments that differ from the standard procedures
prescribed by this test method.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Molds, for casting test specimens, when used in conjunction with the restraining cage described in 4.2, shall provide for
forming prisms 76 mm [3 in.] square with a gage length of 250 mm [10 in.]. The molds shall otherwise
...
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