ASTM D7483-13a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many petroleum products, as well as non-petroleum materials, are used as lubricants for bearings, gears, compressor cylinders, hydraulic equipment, etc. Proper operation of this equipment depends upon the viscosity of these liquids.
5.2 Oscillating piston viscometers allow viscosity measurement of a broad range of materials including transparent, translucent and opaque liquids. The measurement principle and stainless steel construction makes the Oscillating Piston Viscometer resistant to damage and suitable for portable operations. The measurement itself is automatic and does not require an operator to time the oscillation of the piston. The electromagnetically driven piston mixes the sample while under test. The instrument requires a sample volume of less than 5 mL and typical solvent volume of less than 10 mL which minimizes cleanup effort and waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dynamic viscosity and derivation of kinematic viscosity of liquids, such as new and in-service lubricating oils, by means of an oscillating piston viscometer.
1.2 This test method is applicable to Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids; however the precision statement was developed using Newtonian liquids.
1.3 The range of dynamic viscosity covered by this test method is from 0.2 mPa·s to 20 000 mPa·s (which is approximately the kinematic viscosity range of 0.2 mm2/s to 22 000 mm2/s for new oils) in the temperature range between –40 to 190°C; however the precision has been determined only for new and used oils in the range of 34 to 1150 mPa·s at 40°C, 5.7 to 131 mPa·s at 100°C, and 46.5 to 436 mm2/s at 40°C.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7483 − 13a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic
1
Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dynamic
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
viscosity and derivation of kinematic viscosity of liquids, such
Petroleum Products
as new and in-service lubricating oils, by means of an
D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in
oscillating piston viscometer.
T-8 Diesel Engine
1.2 This test method is applicable to Newtonian and non-
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Newtonian liquids; however the precision statement was de-
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
veloped using Newtonian liquids.
Lubricants
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
1.3 The range of dynamic viscosity covered by this test
method is from 0.2 mPa·s to 20 000 mPa·s (which is approxi- of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
2
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
mately the kinematic viscosity range of 0.2 mm /s to 22 000
2
mm /s for new oils) in the temperature range between –40 to D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
190°C; however the precision has been determined only for
3
newandusedoilsintherangeof34to1150mPa·sat40°C,5.7
2.2 ISO Standards:
2
to 131 mPa·s at 100°C, and 46.5 to 436 mm /s at 40°C.
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence
of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4
2.3 NIST Standard:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and
standard.
Expressing the Uncertainty of NISTMeasurement Results
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 dynamic viscosity (η), n—theratiobetweentheapplied
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.1.1 Discussion—It is sometimes called the coefficient of
2 dynamic viscosity or, simply, viscosity. Thus, dynamic viscos-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ity is a measure of the resistance to flow or to deformation of
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
a liquid under external shear forces.
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
3.1.1.2 Discussion—Thetermdynamicviscositycanalsobe
ity)
used in a different context to denote a frequency-dependant
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
quantity in which shear stress and shear rate have a sinusoidal
and Viscosity Oil Standards
time dependence.
3.1.2 kinematic viscosity (ν), n—the ratio of the dynamic
1
viscosity (η) to the density (ρ) of a liquid.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
3.1.2.1 Discussion—For gravity flow under a given hydro-
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
static head, the pressure head of a liquid is proportional to its
Current edition approved June 15, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7483 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/D7483-13A.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on www.iso.ch.
4
the ASTM website. Available from http://physics.nist.gov/ccu/Uncertainty/index.html.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7483 − 13a
FIG. 1 Viscometer with Electronics
density,(ρ).Thereforethekinematicviscosity,(ν),isameasure sor cylinders, hydraulic equipment, etc. Proper operation of
of the res
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7483 − 13 D7483 − 13a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic
1
Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dynamic viscosity and derivation of kinematic viscosity of liquids, such as new
and in-service lubricating oils, by means of an oscillating piston viscometer.
1.2 This test method is applicable to Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids; however the precision statement was developed
using Newtonian liquids.
1.3 The range of dynamic viscosity covered by this test method is from 0.2 mPa·s to 20 000 mPa·s (which is approximately the
2 2
kinematic viscosity range of 0.2 mm /s to 22 000 mm /s for new oils) in the temperature range between –40 to 190°C; however
the precision has been determined only for new and used oils in the range of 34 to 1150 mPa·s at 40°C, 5.7 to 131 mPa·s at 100°C,
2
and 46.5 to 436 mm /s at 40°C.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
4
2.3 NIST Standard:
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 dynamic viscosity (η), n—the ratio between the applied shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
Flow Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2013June 15, 2013. Published March 2013July 2013. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D7483D7483 – 13.-08. DOI: 10.1520/D7483-13.10.1520/D7483-13A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
4
Available from http://physics.nist.gov/ccu/Uncertainty/index.html.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7483 − 13a
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
It is sometimes called the coefficient of dynamic viscosity or, simply, viscosity. Thus, dynamic viscosity is a measure of the
resistance to flow or to deformation of a liquid under external shear forces.
3.1.1.2 Discussion—
The term dynamic viscosity can also be used in a different context to denote a frequency-dependant quantity in which shear stress
and shear rate have a sinusoidal time dependence.
3.1.2 kinematic viscosity (ν), n—the ratio of th
...
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