ASTM C1138M-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete (Underwater Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete (Underwater Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended to qualitatively simulate the behavior of swirling water containing suspended and transported solid objects that produce abrasion of concrete and cause potholes and related effects.
4.2 This test method should provide a relative evaluation of the resistance of concrete to such action.
4.3 The results are expected to be useful in selection of materials, mixtures, and construction practices for use where such action is to be expected.
4.4 The test method is not intended to provide a quantitative measurement of the length of service that may be expected from a specific concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the relative resistance of concrete (including concrete overlays and impregnated concrete) to abrasion under water (see Note 1). This procedure simulates the abrasive action of waterborne particles (silt, sand, gravel, and other solids).
Note 1: Other procedures are available for measuring abrasion resistance of concrete surfaces not under water. These include Test Methods C418, C779/C779M, and C944/C944M.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1138M − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete (Underwater Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1138M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
relative resistance of concrete (including concrete overlays and
impregnated concrete) to abrasion under water (see Note 1). Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
This procedure simulates the abrasive action of waterborne
particles (silt, sand, gravel, and other solids). gregates
C418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by
NOTE 1—Other procedures are available for measuring abrasion resis-
Sandblasting
tance of concrete surfaces not under water. These include Test Methods
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in
C418, C779/C779M, and C944/C944M.
Hardened Concrete
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
standard.
C779/C779M Test Method forAbrasion Resistance of Hori-
zontal Concrete Surfaces
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
C944/C944M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Con-
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
crete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
as requirements of this standard.
terials
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Terminology C125.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
4. Significance and Use
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
2
prolonged exposure. )
4.1 Thistestmethodisintendedtoqualitativelysimulatethe
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
behavior of swirling water containing suspended and trans-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ported solid objects that produce abrasion of concrete and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
cause potholes and related effects.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.2 This test method should provide a relative evaluation of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the resistance of concrete to such action.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3 The results are expected to be useful in selection of
materials, mixtures, and construction practices for use where
1 such action is to be expected.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.62 on Abrasion Testing.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
3
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C1138M–12. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/C1138M-19. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1138M − 19
4.4 The test method is not intended to provide a quantitative 5.5 Scales—Aplatformscalehavingacapacityofatleast45
measurement of the length of service that may be expected kg (100 lb) or more and accurate to within at least 5.0 g (0.01
from a specific concrete. lb) at any point within the range used in this test shall be used.
The scale shall be equipped with a suitable appara
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1138M − 12 C1138M − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete (Underwater Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1138M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the relative resistance of concrete (including concrete overlays and
impregnated concrete) to abrasion under water (see Note 1). This procedure simulates the abrasive action of waterborne particles
(silt, sand, gravel, and other solids).
NOTE 1—Other procedures are available for measuring abrasion resistance of concrete surfaces not under water. These include Test Methods C418,
C779/C779M, and C944C944/C944M.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C418 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete by Sandblasting
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C779/C779M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Horizontal Concrete Surfaces
C944C944/C944M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology C125.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is intended to qualitatively simulate the behavior of swirling water containing suspended and transported
solid objects that produce abrasion of concrete and cause potholes and related effects.
4.2 This test method should provide a relative evaluation of the resistance of concrete to such action.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.62 on
Abrasion Testing.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2019. Published January 2013November 2019. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20102012
ε1
as C1138M – 05 (2010)C1138M .–12. DOI: 10.1520/C1138M-12.10.1520/C1138M-19.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1138M − 19
4.3 The results are expected to be useful in selection of materials, mixtures, and construction practices for use where such action
is to be expected.
4.4 The test method is not intended to provide a quantitative measurement of the length of service that may be expected from
a specific concrete.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Rotat
...
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