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ASTM G109-23

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments

Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.  
3.2 The total integrated (coulombs) current is calculated to provide an indication of the corrosion that occurs due to the macrocell corrosion.  
3.3 These test methods are useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.  
3.4 These test methods have been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by these test methods and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1-4).4 These test methods might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. These test methods can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2023
ICS
91.080.40 - Concrete structures
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.14 - Corrosion of Metals in Construction Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride EnvironmentsASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
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ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
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REDLINE ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride EnvironmentsREDLINE ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
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REDLINE ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
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6 pages
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G109 − 23
Standard Test Methods for
Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion
of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to
1
Chloride Environments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1.1 These test methods cover a procedure for determining
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in
Specimens in the Laboratory
concrete. These test methods can be used to evaluate materials
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in
Concrete by the Pressure Method
concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
admixtures in a chloride environment.
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
C876 Test Method for Corrosion Potentials of Uncoated
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Reinforcing Steel in Concrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C881/C881M Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bonding
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Systems for Concrete
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Mortar and Concrete
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Bridge Construction
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D632 Specification for Sodium Chloride
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical ASTM Test Methods
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
G3 Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical
2
Measurements in Corrosion Testing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
G33 Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corro-
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-
sion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Cor-
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
rosion
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
Concrete
3
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement 2.2 SSPC/NACE Standards:
SSPC-SP 5/NACE No. 1 White Metal Blast Cleaning
3. Significance and Use
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.14 on
3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predict-
Corrosion of Metals in Construction Materials.
ing the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as G109 – 21. DOI: used in concrete.
10.1520/G0109-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from The Association for Materials Protection and Performance
the ASTM website. (AMPP), 800 Trumbull Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15205, https://www.ampp.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G109 − 23
3.2 The total integrated (coulombs) current is calculated to 5.6 Sulfuric Acid, 10 % by mass, for pickling (optional).
provide an indication of the corrosion that occurs due to the 7,6
5.7 Electroplater’s Tap
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G109 − 21 G109 − 23
Standard Test Methods for
Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion
of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to
1
Chloride Environments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in
concrete. These test methods can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete.
It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C876 Test Method for Corrosion Potentials of Uncoated Reinforcing Steel in Concrete
C881/C881M Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bonding Systems for Concrete
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.14 on Corrosion
of Metals in Construction Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2021June 1, 2023. Published January 2022June 2023. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20132021 as
G109G109 – 21.–07 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/G0109-21. DOI: 10.1520/G0109-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G109 − 23
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete
D448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction
D632 Specification for Sodium Chloride
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G3 Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion Testing
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
G33 Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Corrosion
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
3
2.2 SSPC/NACE Standards:
SSPC-SP 5/NACE No. 1 White Metal Blast Cleaning
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in
concrete.
3.2 The total integrated (coulombs) current is calculated to provide an indication of the corrosion that occurs due to t
...

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4.2.2 The minimum joint width, and  
4.2.3 The movement capability.  
4.3 This test compares similar architectural joint systems by cycling but does not accurately reflect the system's application. Similar refers to the same type of architectural system within the same subsection under 4.1.  
4.4 This test method does not provide information on:  
4.4.1 Durability of the architectural joint system under actual service conditions, including the effects of cycled temperature on the joint system,  
4.4.2 Loading capability of the system and the effects of a load on the functional parameters established by this test method,  
4.4.3 Rotational, vertical, and horizontal shear capabilities of the specimen,  
4.4.4 Any other attributes of the specimen, such as fire resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, air infiltration, watertightness, and so forth, and  
4.4.5 Testing or compatibility of substrates.  
4.5 This test method is only to be used as one element in the selection of an architectural j...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers testing procedures for architectural joint systems. This test method is intended for the following uses for architectural joint systems:  
1.1.1 To verify movement capability information supplied to the user by the producer,  
1.1.2 To standardize comparison of movement capability by relating it to specified nominal joint widths,  
1.1.3 To determine the cyclic movement capability between specified minimum and maximum joint widths without visual deleterious effects, and  
1.1.4 To provide the user with graphic information, drawings or pictures in the test report, depicting them at minimum, maximum, and nominal joint widths during cycling.  
1.2 This test method is intended to be used only as part of a specification or acceptance criterion due to the limited movements tested.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8425-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for the Use of Sodium Bentonite Needle-Punched Geotextile Waterproofing Systems with Cast-in-Place Concrete Below-Grade Foundation Construction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide outlines general installation procedures and precautions for the application of sodium bentonite needle-punched geotextile waterproofing systems.  
5.2 This guide is not all inclusive and is intended only to supplement detailed drawings and specifications from designers and the installation guidelines of manufacturers. Manufacturers of some of the systems addressed by this guide require proprietary products and special procedures not described in this guide. Manufacturers’ guidelines and details applicable for each site construction condition encountered on a project should therefore be considered in the application of this guide.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers general installation guidelines of waterproofing membranes produced as a composite of sodium bentonite contained within two interlocked needle-punched geotextiles for designers to consider when developing project-specific drawings and specifications. This guide covers construction applications where the waterproofing is applied to the positive side of below-grade cast-in-place concrete foundation walls, both backfilled and support of excavation (SOE) construction, and under concrete pressure slabs. This guide does not cover plaza deck construction applications, either split-slab construction or pavers on pedestals, or vegetated green roof waterproofing applications.  
1.2 This guide does not cover sodium bentonite waterproofing membranes produced with a corrugation paper carrier, bentonite bonded to a geomembrane, and spray-applied bentonite systems.  
1.3 For the purpose of this guide, concrete is assumed to be cast-in-place with a surface profile as recommended in Guide D5295/D5295M, consolidated in accordance with applicable guidelines in ACI 309, structurally sound, able to accept the weight of anticipated loads, and meets the local building code requirements. All components of the waterproofing system are assumed to comply with any federal, state, and local environmental regulations that may be in effect at the time of installation. Expansion joints, insulation, and drainage layers are beyond the scope of this guide.  
1.4 This guide does not cover sodium bentonite geotextile membranes installed on below-grade foundation walls and slabs constructed with masonry materials, precast concrete, or pneumatically applied concrete (that is, shotcrete).  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The unit values given in parentheses are for reference information only.  
1.6 Different sodium bentonite geotextile membranes have different materials of composition and construction which can affect physical properties. The procedures contained in this guide, therefore, may not be universally applicable to all sodium bentonite geotextile membranes under all field conditions.  
1.7 This guide does not purport to assign responsibilities of quality assurance or quality control. Specific quality assurance and quality control items should be addressed in project specifications and contract documents.  
1.8 This guide does not purport to include requirements for warranties associated with the waterproofing materials or installation.  
1.9 This guide does not purport to include all detailing techniques to address various conditions that can be encountered on construction projects.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    7 pages
    English language
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