ASTM D7446-09
(Specification)Standard Specification for Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Adhesives for Laminating Oriented Strand Board (OSB) to Rigid Cellular Polystryene Thermal Insulation Core Materials
Standard Specification for Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Adhesives for Laminating Oriented Strand Board (OSB) to Rigid Cellular Polystryene Thermal Insulation Core Materials
ABSTRACT
This specification addresses the physical, chemical and test requirements for structural insulated panel (SIP) adhesives suitable for the bonding of oriented strand boards (OSB) to rigid cellular polystyrene thermal insulation core materials for general structural use. Douglas-fir to Douglas-fir assemblies shall pass the following qualification requirements when tested in accordance with referenced ASTM documents enumerated herein: block shear strength (dry shear, soak/re-dry, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance); tensile strength (dry tensile bond strength, soak/re-dry, and mold resistance); and creep resistance. OSB to core to OSB assemblies shall, alternatively, be tested and pass shear strength and tensile (flat wise) bond strength requirements as well.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This specification addresses minimum performance criteria for adhesives used to laminate oriented strand board (OSB) structural panel facing material to expanded or extruded polystyrene core materials. Adhesive performance is based on tests that simulate exposure to moisture, temperature, seasonal weathering, and creep. Additionally, the adhesive is to demonstrate resistance to oxidation, mold, chemical reagents, and compatibility to the specific laminating materials.
The adhesive manufacturers can use this specification for new product development and quality control purposes.
Structural insulated panel manufacturers rely on an adhesive performance specification that determines its suitability before use.
Performance of the SIP adhesive when evaluated in accordance with this specification aids in determining the suitability of the adhesive for laminating OSB facings to rigid cellular polystyrene core materials in the manufacture of structural insulated panels.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is designed to evaluate adhesives suitable for the bonding of oriented strand board (OSB) to rigid cellular polystyrene insulation core materials for general structure use.
1.2 The requirements of the structural insulated panel (SIP) adhesive are based on the performance of the adhesive as measured by:
1.2.1 Resistance to shear by compression loading in ambient conditions and after accelerated aging.
1.2.2 Resistance to tensile loading in ambient conditions and after accelerated aging.
1.2.3 Resistance to creep (deformation) under static load in ambient conditions and after accelerated aging.
1.2.4 Tensile and shear strength to polystyrene core materials.
1.3 The classification of the adhesive formulation is based on, but not limited to the adhesive’s industry accepted generic names, for example: phenol-resorcinol, emulsion polymer isocyanate, one and two-part urethane. The type of adhesive application and curing terminology are also usually included for classification purposes such as cold-setting phenol resorcinol, heat-cured phenol resorcinol, and hot melt one component urethane.
1.4 Evaluation of adhesive performance at high temperature conditions, such as during a fire exposure, is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D7446 −09
Standard Specification for
Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) Adhesives for Laminating
Oriented Strand Board (OSB) to Rigid Cellular Polystryene
Thermal Insulation Core Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7446; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This specification is designed to evaluate adhesives
suitableforthebondingoforientedstrandboard(OSB)torigid
2. Referenced Documents
cellular polystyrene insulation core materials for general struc-
ture use. 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The requirements of the structural insulated panel (SIP)
C273/C273M Test Method for Shear Properties of Sandwich
adhesive are based on the performance of the adhesive as
Core Materials
measured by:
C297/C297M Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of
1.2.1 Resistance to shear by compression loading in ambi-
Sandwich Constructions
ent conditions and after accelerated aging.
C578 Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal
1.2.2 Resistance to tensile loading in ambient conditions
Insulation
and after accelerated aging.
D572 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heat and
1.2.3 Resistance to creep (deformation) under static load in
Oxygen
ambient conditions and after accelerated aging.
D905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive
1.2.4 Tensile and shear strength to polystyrene core materi-
Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
als.
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
1.3 The classification of the adhesive formulation is based
D1183 Practices for Resistance of Adhesives to Cyclic
on, but not limited to the adhesive’s industry accepted generic
Laboratory Aging Conditions
names, for example: phenol-resorcinol, emulsion polymer
D1583 Test Method for Hydrogen Ion Concentration of Dry
isocyanate, one and two-part urethane. The type of adhesive
Adhesive Films
application and curing terminology are also usually included
D2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives in
for classification purposes such as cold-setting phenol
Shear by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
resorcinol, heat-cured phenol resorcinol, and hot melt one
D4300 Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films to
component urethane.
Support or Resist the Growth of Fungi
1.4 Evaluation of adhesive performance at high temperature
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
conditions, such as during a fire exposure, is beyond the scope
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
of this specification.
D4444 Test Method for Laboratory Standardization and
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the Calibration of Hand-Held Moisture Meters
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
only.
2.2 Other Standards:
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
PS2 Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Panels
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on Construction Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Adhesives. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
D7446-09. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7446−09
ISO 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of 5. Fillers and Extenders
Testing and Calibration Laboratories
5.1 If amylaceous or protein fillers and extenders are used,
the adhesive shall not only pass requirements of this specifi-
3. Terminology
cation but, in addition, possess antifungal properties to inhibit
the growth of selected fungal species when tested in accor-
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this specification are de-
fined in Terminology D907. dance with Test Method D4300. The adhesive manufacturer’s
literature shall indicate whether such materials are present.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 core material, n—located between structural insulated
6. Apparatus
panel facings; for this specification, consists of rigid cellular
6.1 Testing Machine—shall conform to the requirements of
polystyrene thermal insulation, either expanded polystyrene
and have the capabilities of the machines prescribed in Test
(EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS) that conforms to Speci-
Methods C297/C297M, C273/C273M, and D905 and have an
fication C578.
accuracy of 61 % when calibrated in accordance with Prac-
3.2.2 facings, n—the outer layers of a structural insulated
tices E4 requirements. The grips shall be capable of securely
panel typically consisting of oriented strand board.
grabbingthespecimenthroughoutthetestwithoutallowingthe
3.2.3 oriented strand board (OSB), n—a mat formed panel
specimen to slip. The grips shall be self-aligning.
product with oriented layers resulting in directional properties.
6.2 Temperature and RH-Controlling Equipment—The
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Oriented strand board is comprised pri-
equipment shall be capable of maintaining the test temperature
marily of wood strands bonded with exterior adhesive formu-
to 63ºC (65°F) and the relative humidity to 63%.
lations under heat and pressure. Design capacities are refer-
enced to the primary and secondary structural axis, which
7. Chemical Requirements
typically correspond to the manufacturing machine and cross-
7.1 The cured adhesive film shall develop a pH value of not
machinedirections,respectively.Theprimarydirectionisoften
less than 2.5 when tested in accordance with Test Method
referred to as the strength direction.
D1583.
3.2.4 practical equilibrium, n—physical state in which the
material weight does not change more than 0.5 % in 24 h.
8. Physical Requirements
3.2.5 standard conditions, n—consist of a controlled envi-
8.1 Adhesive manufacturer recommendations for
ronment set at 23 6 2°C (73 6 3°F) and 65 6 3 % relative
preparation, application, and handling of the SIPadhesive shall
humidity (RH).
ensure proper usage and maintain product integrity. The
adhesive manufacturer shall furnish written instructions stating
3.2.6 structural insulated panel (SIP), n—factory manufac-
tured assembly consisting of a rigid polystyrene bonded with a the general chemical type of adhesive, its storage and mixing
structural adhesive between two rigid facings such as OSB. procedure, the method of surface preparation with materials to
be laminated, and any other data that is pertinent to the use of
the adhesive in the manufacture of structural insulated panels.
4. Significance and Use
8.2 The adhesive shall pass the tests required by this
4.1 This specification addresses minimum performance cri-
specification. See Table 1, Table 2, and Section 10. The
teria for adhesives used to laminate oriented strand board
adhesive manufacturer’s application specification sheet shall
(OSB) structural panel facing material to expanded or extruded
provide application instructions which include the limiting
polystyrene core materials. Adhesive performance is based on
tests that simulate exposure to moisture, temperature, seasonal conditions.
8.2.1 The adhesive manufacturer is to provide specific
weathering, and creep.Additionally, the adhesive is to demon-
application instructions for the test adhesive related to the
strate resistance to oxidation, mold, chemical reagents, and
preparation of test assemblies required by this specification
compatibility to the specific laminating materials.
including both Douglas-fir to Douglas-fir and OSB to Core to
4.2 The adhesive manufacturers can use this specification
OSB.
for new product development and quality control purposes.
8.3 Limiting conditions are conditions that must be con-
4.3 Structural insulated panel manufacturers rely on an
trolled within maximums, minimums, or ranges so that the
adhesive performance specification that determines its suitabil-
adhesive can function as designed. These conditions include,
ity before use.
but are not limited to the following:
4.4 Performance of the SIP adhesive when evaluated in
8.3.1 Maximum storage life of adhesive;
accordance with this specification aids in determining the
8.3.2 Assembly conditions including temperature and hu-
suitability of the adhesive for laminating OSB facings to rigid
midity;
cellular polystyrene core materials in the manufacture of
8.3.3 Allowable moisture content and temperature for fac-
structural insulated panels.
ings and core materials;
8.3.4 Mixing ratios, if applicable;
8.3.5 Pot life, if applicable;
8.3.6 Application method: applied to one surface or both
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. contracting surfaces:
D7446−09
TABLE 1 Douglas-fir to Douglas-fir Qualification Series
Shear Tension Creep
Test Type
(Test Method D905) (Test Method C297/C297M) (Test Method D2294)
Specimen Type Solid Douglas-fir Bonded Douglas-fir Solid Douglas-fir Bonded Douglas-fir Bonded Douglas-fir
Treatment NA Dry Shear NA Dry Tensile Uncontrolled
Reference Section NA 14.5 NA 14.6 14.9.7 and Table 3
Minimum Requirements NA 7033 kPa (1020 psi) NA 2110 kPa (306 psi) 344.7 kPa (50 psi)
for 30 days
Reference Section NA 10.1.1.1 NA 10.1.2.1 10.1.3
Treatment Practices D1183 “C” Practices D1183 “C” Practices D1183 “C” Practices D1183 “C” Practices D1183 “C”
Reference Section 14.5.4 14.5.3 14.6.3 14.6.3 14.9.9 and Table 3
Minimum Requirements NA 80 % of Solid NA 80 % of Solid 344.7 kPA (50 psi)
Douglas-fir Douglas-fir for 7 days
Practices D1183 “C” Practices D1183 “C”
Reference Section NA 10.1.1.2 NA 10.1.2.2 10.1.3
Treatment Soak/Re-dry Soak/Re-dry Soak/Re-dry Soak/Re-dry Soak/Re-dry
Reference Section 14.5.5 and Table 3 14.5.3 and Table 3 14.6.4 and Table 3 14.6.4 and Table 3 14.9.10 and Table 3
Minimum Requirements NA 80 % of Solid NA 80 % of Solid 344.7 kPa (50 psi)
Douglas-fir Soak/Re-dry Douglas-fir Soak/Re-dry for 7 days
Reference Section NA 10.1.1.3 NA 10.1.2.3 10.1.3
Treatment NA Oxidation NA Mold (as required) Elevated Temperature
Reference Section NA 14.5.6 and 14.7 NA 14.6.5 and 14.8 14.9.8 and Table 3
Minimum Requirements NA 80 % of Bonded NA 90 % of Bonded 344.7 kPa (50 psi)
Douglas-fir-Conditioned Douglas-fir-Conditioned for 7 days
Reference Section NA 10.1.1.4 NA 10.1.2.4 10.1.3
Treatment NA Mold (as required) NA
Reference Section NA 14.5.7 and 14.8 NA
Minimum Requirements NA 90 % of Bonded NA
Douglas-fir-Conditioned
Reference Section NA 10.1.1.5 NA
TABLE 2 OSB to Core to OSB Qualification Series
NOTE 1—The 7033 kPa (1020 psi) requirement is based on 90 % of the
shear strength parallel to grain at 12 % moisture content fromTable 4-3 of
Shear Tension
the 1999 Wood Handbook for Douglas-fir.
Test Type (Test Method (Test Method
C273/C273M) C297/C297M)
10.1.1.2 Practices D1183 Test Condition “C”—After cy-
Specimen Type SIP SIP
cling bonded Douglas-fir specimens in accordance with Prac-
Treatment Conditioned Conditioned
tices D1183 “C” procedure (see Table 3), the average shear
Reference Section 15.1 15.2
Minimum Requirement 62 kPa (9 psi) 103.4 kPa (15 psi)
strength shall be equal to or greater than 80 % of the average
Reference Section 10.2.1 10.2.2
shear strength of solid Douglas-fir specimens exposed to the
same accelerated aging procedure. Preparation details for solid
Douglas-fir specimens are located in 14.1, 14.5, and Fig. 1.
8.3.7 Spread rate expressed as weight per unit area and
10.1.1.3 Soak/Re-dry—After cycling bonded Douglas-fir
tolerance;
specimens in accordance with the soak/re-dry procedure (see
8.3.8 Open and closed assembly times;
Table 3), the average shear strength shall be equal to or greater
8.3.9 Laminating pressure and press time;
than 80 % of the average shear strength of solid Douglas-fir
8.3.10 Curing conditions such as time, temperature, and
specimens exposed to the same accelerated aging procedure.
humidity.
Specimen preparation details for solid Douglas-fir specimens
are located in 14.1, 14.5, and Fig. 1.
9. Qualification Tests
10.1.1.4 Oxidation Resistance Test—After cycling bonded
9.1 Douglas-fir to Douglas-fir Qualification Series (Table 1)
Douglas-firspecimensinaccordancewithproceduresindicated
and OSB to Core to OSB Qualification Series (Table 2).
in 14.7 the average shear strength shall be equal to or greater
than 80 % of the average dry shear strength of bonded
10. Test Requirements
Douglas-fir specimens tested in 10.1.1.1.
10.1 Douglas-fir to Douglas-fir:
10.1.1.5 Mold Resistance Test (when required)—After con-
10.1.1 Test Method D905 Block Shear Strength:
ditioning and aging bonded Douglas-fir specimens in accor-
10.1.1.1 Dry Shear Test—The average shear strength of
dance with 14.8 procedure, the average shear strength shall be
bondedDouglas-firspecimensshallbeaminimumof7033kPa
equal to or greater than 90 % of the dry shear strength of the
(1020 psi) at 12 % moisture content.
bonded Douglas-fir specimens tested in 10.1.1.1.
Available from U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory,
One Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison, WI 53726, http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us.
D7446−09
TABLE 3 Douglas-fir Procedures
Practices D1183
Soak/Re-dry Creep Resistance
Procedure C
48 h at 71 ± 2°C (170 ± 3°F) <10 % RH 48 h submerged in 18 to 23°C (65 to 75°F) Set 1: Control Test for 30 days in uncontrolled
tap water temperature and relative humidity
48 h submerged in at 23± 2°C (73 ± 3°F) 8 h oven dry at 63 ± 3°C (175 ± 5°F) Set 2: Elevated Temperature Test at 70°C (158°F)
tap water for 7 days in uncontrolled (ambient) humidity
8 h at -40 ± 2°C (-40 ± 3°F) ~ 100 % RH followed by three cycles comprised of the following: Set 3: Test after Practices D1183
Procedure C
64 h at 39 ± 2°C (100 ± 3°F) ~ 100 % RH 17 h submerged soak in 18 to 23°C (65 to 75°F) Set 4: Test after soak/re-dry in uncontrolled
tap water temperature and relative humidity
all steps repeated twice more for a 8 h oven dry at 63 ± -3°C (175 ± 5°F)
t
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