ASTM F1355-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Irradiation of Fresh Agricultural Produce as a Phytosanitary Treatment
Standard Guide for Irradiation of Fresh Agricultural Produce as a Phytosanitary Treatment
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of radiation treatment, as discussed in this guide, is to minimize the pest risk and to maximize the safety associated with the movement and use of fresh agricultural produce.
4.2 Irradiation as a phytosanitary treatment can prevent development or emergence of the adult stage where adults are not present in the agricultural produce (for example, fruit flies) or sterilize the adult where that stage is present (for example, weevils). (4)
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides procedures for the radiation processing of fresh agricultural produce, for example, fruits, vegetables, and cut flowers, as a phytosanitary treatment. This guide is directed primarily toward the treatment needed to control regulated pests commonly associated with fresh agricultural produce.
1.2 This guide covers gamma, electron beam and X-radiation treatment.
1.3 The typical absorbed dose range used for phytosanitary treatments is between 60 gray (Gy) and 600 gray (Gy). The practical minimum or maximum dose of a treatment may be higher or lower than this range, depending on the type of pest to be controlled and the radiation tolerance of a particular type of produce. If the minimum effective dose necessary to achieve the desired phytosanitary effect is greater than the radiation tolerance of the produce, then irradiation is not an appropriate treatment (see 5.2).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This document is one of a set of standards that provides recommendations for properly implementing and utilizing radiation processing. It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1355 − 19
Standard Guide for
Irradiation of Fresh Agricultural Produce as a Phytosanitary
1
Treatment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this guide is to present information on the use of ionizing energy (radiation) in
treating fresh agricultural produce to control insects and other arthropod pests, in order to meet
phytosanitary requirements.
This guide is intended to serve as a recommendation to be followed when using irradiation
technology where approved by an appropriate regulatory authority. It is not to be construed as a
requirement for the use of irradiation nor as a required code of practice. While the use of irradiation
involves certain essential requirements to attain the objective of the treatment, some parameters can
be varied in optimizing the process.
This guide has been prepared from a Code of Good Irradiation Practice published by the
International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation (ICGFI), under the auspices of the Food and
AgricultureOrganization(FAO),theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),andtheInternationalAtomic
2
Energy Agency (IAEA). (1)
1. Scope 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This guide provides procedures for the radiation pro-
standard.
cessing of fresh agricultural produce, for example, fruits,
vegetables, and cut flowers, as a phytosanitary treatment. This 1.5 This document is one of a set of standards that provides
recommendations for properly implementing and utilizing
guide is directed primarily toward the treatment needed to
control regulated pests commonly associated with fresh agri- radiation processing. It is intended to be read in conjunction
with ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
cultural produce.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 This guide covers gamma, electron beam and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
X-radiation treatment.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 The typical absorbed dose range used for phytosanitary
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
treatments is between 60 gray (Gy) and 600 gray (Gy). The
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
practical minimum or maximum dose of a treatment may be
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
higher or lower than this range, depending on the type of pest
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to be controlled and the radiation tolerance of a particular type
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ofproduce.Iftheminimumeffectivedosenecessarytoachieve
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the desired phytosanitary effect is greater than the radiation
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
tolerance of the produce, then irradiation is not an appropriate
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
treatment (see 5.2).
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E61 on Radiation
F1640 Guide for Selection and Use of Contact Materials for
Processing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E61.05 on Food
Irradiation.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally
3
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1355 – 06(2014). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/F1355-19. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this standard. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1355 − 19
Foods to Be Irradiated 2.5 U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Code of Federal
6
E3083 Terminology Relating to Radiation Processing: Do- Regulations:
simetry and Applications CFR Title 21, Part 110 Current Good Manufacturing Prac-
tices in Manufacturing, Packaging, or Handling Human
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:
Food
51261 Practice for Calibration of Routine Dosimetry Sys-
CFR Title 21, Sectio
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1355 − 06 (Reapproved 2014) F1355 − 19
Standard Guide for
Irradiation of Fresh Agricultural Produce as a Phytosanitary
1
Treatment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this guide is to present information on the use of ionizing energy (radiation) in
treating fresh agricultural produce to control insects and other arthropod pests, in order to meet
phytosanitary requirements.
This guide is intended to serve as a recommendation to be followed when using irradiation
technology where approved by an appropriate regulatory authority. It is not to be construed as a
requirement for the use of irradiation nor as a required code of practice. While the use of irradiation
involves certain essential requirements to attain the objective of the treatment, some parameters can
be varied in optimizing the process.
This guide has been prepared from a Code of Good Irradiation Practice published by the
International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation (ICGFI), under the auspices of the Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the International Atomic
2
Energy Agency (IAEA). (1)
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides procedures for the radiation processing of fresh agricultural produce, for example, fruits, vegetables,
and cut flowers, as a phytosanitary treatment. This guide is directed primarily toward the treatment needed to control regulated
pests commonly associated with fresh agricultural produce.
1.2 This guide covers gamma, electron beam and X-radiation treatment.
1.3 The typical absorbed dose range used for phytosanitary treatments is between 15060 gray (Gy) and 600 gray (Gy). The
practical minimum or maximum dose of a treatment may be higher or lower than this range, depending on the type of pest to be
controlled and the radiation tolerance of a particular type of fruit.produce. If the minimum effective dose necessary to achieve the
desired phytosanitary effect is greater than the radiation tolerance of the produce, then irradiation is not an appropriate treatment
(see 5.2).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This document is one of a set of standards that provides recommendations for properly implementing and utilizing radiation
processing. It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E61 on Radiation Processing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E61.05 on Food Irradiation.
Current edition approved June 1, 2014Dec. 1, 2019. Published June 2014December 2019. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20062014 as
F1355 – 06.F1355 – 06(2014). DOI: 10.1520/F1355-06R14.10.1520/F1355-19.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1355 − 19
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and Dosimetry
F1640 Guide for Selection and Use of Contact Materials for Foods to Be Irradiated
E3083 Terminology Relating to Radiation Processing: Dosimetry and Applications
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:
51204 Practice for Dosimetry in Gamma Irradiation Facilities for Food Processing
51261 GuidePractice for Calibration of Routine Dosimetry Systems for Radiation Processing
51539 Guide for Use of Radiation-Sens
...
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