ASTM D6426-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use in the laboratory or field in evaluating distillate fuel cleanliness.
5.2 A change in filtration performance after storage, pretreatment, or commingling can be indicative of changes in fuel condition.
5.3 Relative filterability of fuels may vary depending on filter porosity and structure and may not always correlate with results from this test method.
5.4 Causes of poor filterability in industrial/refinery filters include fuel degradation products, contaminants picked up during storage or transfer, incompatibility of commingled fuels, or interaction of the fuel with the filter media. Any of these could correlate with orifice or filter system plugging, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the filterability of distillate fuel oils within the viscosity range from 1.70 mm2/s to 6.20 mm2/s (cSt) at 40 °C.
Note 1: ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method are Specification D396 Grade No. 2, Specification D975 Grade No. 2-D, and Specification D2880 Grade No. 2-GT.
Note 2: The test method has been used with lower viscosity middle distillate fuels such as Specification D396 Grade No. 1, Specification D975 Grade No. 1-D, and Specification D2880 Grade No. 1-GT, but the precision has not been studied and therefore the stated precision has not been validated for these grades.
1.2 This test method is not applicable to fuels that contain undissolved water.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3.1 Non-SI units, specifically U.S. customary units such as temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and pressure in pounds per square inch gauge (psig), are included for information.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6426 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
filterabilityofdistillatefueloilswithintheviscosityrangefrom
2 2 Petroleum Products
1.70 mm /s to 6.20 mm /s (cSt) at 40 °C.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
NOTE 1—ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test
Fuels, and Lubricants
method are Specification D396 Grade No. 2, Specification D975 Grade
D4176 Test Method for FreeWater and Particulate Contami-
No. 2-D, and Specification D2880 Grade No. 2-GT.
nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
NOTE 2—The test method has been used with lower viscosity middle
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
distillate fuels such as Specification D396 Grade No. 1, Specification
D975 Grade No. 1-D, and Specification D2880 Grade No. 1-GT, but the
Petroleum Products
precision has not been studied and therefore the stated precision has not
D4860 Test Method for FreeWater and Particulate Contami-
been validated for these grades.
nation in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Nu-
1.2 This test method is not applicable to fuels that contain
merical Rating)
undissolved water.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
1.3.1 Non-SI units, specifically U.S. customary units such
to Terminology D4175.
as temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and pressure in pounds
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
per square inch gauge (psig), are included for information.
3.2.1 filterability, n—a measure of the rapidity with which a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
standard filter medium is plugged by insoluble matter in fuel
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and may be described as a function of pressure or volume:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 filterability (by pressure), n—the pressure drop across
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
a filter medium when 300 mL of fuel is passed at a rate of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
20 mL⁄min.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.3 filterability (by volume), n—the volume of fuel passed
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
when a pressure of 104 kPa (15 psig) is reached.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Filterability by volume is used when
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
less than 300 mL passes at a pressure up to 104 kPa (15 psig).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.4 filterability quality factor (F-QF), n—a value that
defines the filter plugging tendency of a fuel caused by
2. Referenced Documents
particulates.
2
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The F-QF value is calculated using the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils volume and pressure attained at the end of the test cycle,
according to one of two equations, depending on the outcome
of the test. (See Section 10, Calculations.)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of 4. Summary of Test Method
Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels.
4.1 A sample is passed at a constant rate (20 mL⁄min)
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally
through a standard porosity filter medium. The pressure drop
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D6426 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/D6426-22.
across the filter and the volume of filtrate are monitored. The
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
test is concluded either when the pressure drop across the filter
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
exceeds 104 kPa (15 psig) or when 300 mL have passed
Standards volume information, refer
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6426 − 18 D6426 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the filterability of distillate fuel oils within the viscosity range from
2 2
1.70 mm /s to 6.20 mm /s (cSt) at 40 °C.
NOTE 1—ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method are Specification D396 Grade No. 2, Specification D975 Grade No. 2-D,
and Specification D2880 Grade No. 2-GT.
NOTE 2—The test method has been used with lower viscosity middle distillate fuels such as Specification D396 Grade No. 1, Specification D975 Grade
No. 1-D, and Specification D2880 Grade No. 1-GT, but the precision has not been studied and therefore the stated precision has not been validated for
these grades.
1.2 This test method is not applicable to fuels that contain undissolved water.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3.1 Non-SI units, specifically U.S. customary units such as temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and pressure in pounds per square
inch gauge (psig), are included for information.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018Dec. 1, 2022. Published February 2019December 2022. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20132018
as D6426 – 13.– 18. DOI: 10.1520/D6426-18.10.1520/D6426-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6426 − 22
D4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4860 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical
Rating)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 filterability, n—a measure of the rapidity with which a standard filter medium is plugged by insoluble matter in fuel and may
be described as a function of pressure or volume:
3.2.2 filterability (by pressure), n—the pressure drop across a filter medium when 300 mL of fuel is passed at a rate of 20 mL ⁄min.
3.2.3 filterability (by volume), n—the volume of fuel passed when a pressure of 104 kPa (15 psig) is reached.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—
Filterability by volume is used when less than 300 mL passes at a pressure up to 104 kPa (15 psig).
3.2.4 filterability quality factor (F-QF), n—a value that defines the filter plugging tendency of a fuel caused by particulates.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—
The F-QF value is calculate
...
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