ASTM D7224-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer
Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by Portable Separometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a measurement of the presence of surfactants in aviation turbine fuels. Like previous obsolete Test Methods D 2550 and D 3602 and current Test Method D 3948, this test method can detect trace amounts of refinery treating chemicals in fuel. The test methods can also detect surface active substances added to fuel in the form of additives or picked up by the fuel during handling from point of production to point of use. Some of these substances degrade the ability of filter separators to separate free water from the fuel.
This test method yields approximately the same (low) MSEP ratings as Test Method D 3948 for fuels that contain strong surfactants.
This test method will give approximately the same MSEP ratings for Jet A, Jet A-1, JP-5, JP-7, and JP-8 fuels as Test Method D 3948 when testing reference fluids.
The MSEP ratings obtained by this test method are less affected by weak surfactants than Test Method D 3948. Somewhat higher MSEP ratings for Jet A, Jet A-1, JP-5, JP-7, and JP-8 fuels are obtained by this test method than those obtained by Test Method D 3948 when additives such as static dissipater additives (SDA) and corrosion inhibitors are present in the fuel. This correlates with the satisfactory performance of filter separators for such fuels, when wet. However, these same additives adversely affect the MSEP ratings obtained by Test Method D 3948 by erroneously indicating that such additized fuels would significantly degrade the ability of filter separators to separate free water from the fuel in actual service.
The Micro-Separometer has an effective measurement range from 50 to 100. Values obtained outside of those limits are undefined and invalid.
Note 1—In the event a value greater than 100 is obtained, there is a good probability that light transmittance was reduced by material, typically water, contained in the fuel that was used to set the 100 reference level. During the coalescing portion of the test, the contamin...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for field and laboratory use to rate the ability of kerosine-type aviation turbine fuels, both neat and those containing additives, to release entrained or emulsified water when passed through fiberglass coalescing material.
1.1.1 This test method is applicable to kerosine-type aviation turbine fuels including: Jet A and Jet A-1 (as described in Specification D 1655); JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, and JP-8+100. (See Section 6.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.2-8.5.
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Designation: D7224 − 08 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-
Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by
1
Portable Separometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method was developed to satisfy three objectives: (1) Develop a test method that would
respond in the same manner as Test Method D3948 to strong surfactants, but not give low
micro-separometer(MSEP)ratingstofuelscontainingweaksurfactants(additives)thatdonotdegrade
the performance of commercial filter separator elements; (2) Use filter media in the coalescer test that
would be representative of the filtration media in commercial filter separator elements; and (3)
Improve the precision of the test method compared to Test Method D3948.
This test method was developed using material that is representative of coalescing materials
currently used in commercial filter separator elements. The fiberglass coalescing material used in Test
Method D3948 was suitable for coalescing filters in use when that test method was developed, but
developments in coalescing elements in the intervening years have resulted in improved materials that
are not affected by weak surfactants. Test Method D3948 yields low results on some additized fuels
that do not affect the performance of filter separators (coalescing filters) in actual service. Since this
test method was developed with material that is representative of the media used in current filter
separators, the results by this test method are more relevant to performance in current filter separators.
1. Scope* responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for field
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
and laboratory use to rate the ability of kerosine-type aviation
warning statements, see 8.2-8.5.
turbine fuels, both neat and those containing additives, to
release entrained or emulsified water when passed through
2. Referenced Documents
fiberglass coalescing material.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.1 This test method is applicable to kerosine-type avia-
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
tion turbine fuels including: Jet A and Jet A-1 (as described in
D2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics
Specification D1655); JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, and JP-8+100. (See
3
of Aviation Turbine Fuels
Section 6.)
D3602 Test Method for Water Separation Characteristics of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3
Aviation Turbine Fuels
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D3948 TestMethodforDeterminingWaterSeparationChar-
only.
acteristicsofAviationTurbineFuelsbyPortableSeparom-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
eter
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D02.J0 on Aviation Fuels. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7224–07. DOI:
on www.astm.org.
10.1520/D7224-08.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7224 − 08
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for 4. Summary of Test Method
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
4.1 A water/fuel sample emulsion is created in a syringe
4
2.2 Military Standards:
using a high-speed mixer. The emulsion is then expelled from
MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation Grades JP-4, JP-5,
the syringe at a programmed rate through a specific fiberglass
and JP-5/JP- 8 ST
5
coalescer, the MCell Coalescer, and the effluent is analyzed
MIL-DTL-25524 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Thermally Stable
for uncoalesced water (that is, dispersed water droplets) by a
MIL-DTL-38219 Turbine Fuels, Low Volatility, JP-7
light transmission measur
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D7224–07 Designation: D 7224 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-
Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by
1
Portable Separometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method was developed to satisfy three objectives: (1) Develop a test method that would
respond in the same manner as Test Method D 3948 to strong surfactants, but not give low
micro-separometer(MSEP)ratingstofuelscontainingweaksurfactants(additives)thatdonotdegrade
the performance of commercial filter separator elements; (2) Use filter media in the coalescer test that
would be representative of the filtration media in commercial filter separator elements; and (3)
Improve the precision of the test method compared to Test Method D 3948.
This test method was developed using material that is representative of coalescing materials
currently used in commercial filter separator elements. The fiberglass coalescing material used in Test
Method D 3948 was suitable for coalescing filters in use when that test method was developed, but
developments in coalescing elements in the intervening years have resulted in improved materials that
are not affected by weak surfactants. Test Method D 3948 yields low results on some additized fuels
that do not affect the performance of filter separators (coalescing filters) in actual service. Since this
test method was developed with material that is representative of the media used in current filter
separators, the results by this test method are more relevant to performance in current filter separators.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for field and laboratory use to rate the ability of kerosine-type aviation
turbine fuels, both neat and those containing additives, to release entrained or emulsified water when passed through fiberglass
coalescing material.
1.1.1 This test method is applicable to kerosine-type aviation turbine fuels including: Jet A and Jet A-1 (as described in
Specification D 1655); JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, and JP-8+100. (See Section 6.)
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.2-8.5.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
3
D 2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels
3
D 3602 Test Method for Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels
D 3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separometer
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0 on
Aviation Fuels.
´1
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7224–05 .
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 7224–07.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7224–08
D 4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
4
2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation Grades JP-4, JP-5, and JP-5/JP- 8 ST
MIL-DTL-
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D7224–07 Designation: D 7224 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Kerosine-
Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Additives by
1
Portable Separometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method was developed to satisfy three objectives: (1) Develop a test method that would
respond in the same manner as Test Method D 3948 to strong surfactants, but not give low
micro-separometer(MSEP)ratingstofuelscontainingweaksurfactants(additives)thatdonotdegrade
the performance of commercial filter separator elements; (2) Use filter media in the coalescer test that
would be representative of the filtration media in commercial filter separator elements; and (3)
Improve the precision of the test method compared to Test Method D 3948.
This test method was developed using material that is representative of coalescing materials
currently used in commercial filter separator elements. The fiberglass coalescing material used in Test
Method D 3948 was suitable for coalescing filters in use when that test method was developed, but
developments in coalescing elements in the intervening years have resulted in improved materials that
are not affected by weak surfactants. Test Method D 3948 yields low results on some additized fuels
that do not affect the performance of filter separators (coalescing filters) in actual service. Since this
test method was developed with material that is representative of the media used in current filter
separators, the results by this test method are more relevant to performance in current filter separators.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for field and laboratory use to rate the ability of kerosine-type aviation
turbine fuels, both neat and those containing additives, to release entrained or emulsified water when passed through fiberglass
coalescing material.
1.1.1 This test method is applicable to kerosine-type aviation turbine fuels including: Jet A and Jet A-1 (as described in
Specification D 1655); JP-5, JP-7, JP-8, and JP-8+100. (See Section 6.)
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.2-8.5.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
3
D 2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels
3
D 3602 Test Method for Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels
D 3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separometer
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0 on
Aviation Fuels.
´1
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7224–05 .
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D 7224–07.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7224–08
D 4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
4
2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation Grades JP-4, JP-5, and JP-5/JP- 8 ST
MIL-DTL-
...
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