ASTM C987-10
(Practice)Standard Test Method for Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
Standard Test Method for Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a guide for evaluating the resistance of refractories in glass melting furnace superstructures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor attack occurs.
An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water vapor and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired furnace may participate in the chemical and physical reactions being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon the nature and type of firing employed.
The degree of correlation between this test method and service performance is not fully determinable. This is intended to be an accelerated test method that generates a substantial degree of reaction in a relatively short amount of time. This acceleration may be accomplished by changing the composition and/or concentration of the reactants, increasing temperatures, or by performing the test in an isothermal environment.
Since the test method may not accurately simulate the service environment, observed results of this test method may not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that the user understand and consider how the results of this test method may differ from those encountered in service. This is particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or their degree differ from those normally found in the actual service environment.
It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is an aggressive, accelerated test method and to be careful in interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have never been found in a real world furnace, then this test method should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the refractory in question.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories in contact with vapors under conditions intended to simulate the environment within a glass melting or other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage, expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physical changes that may occur.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C987 − 10
StandardTest Method for
1
Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C987; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tion and/or concentration of the reactants, increasing
temperatures, or by performing the test in an isothermal
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for comparing the
environment.
behaviorofrefractoriesincontactwithvaporsunderconditions
intended to simulate the environment within a glass melting or 2.4 Since the test method may not accurately simulate the
other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors service environment, observed results of this test method may
from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative
sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service that the user understand and consider how the results of this
conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short test method may differ from those encountered in service. This
time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage, is particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or
expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physi- their degree differ from those normally found in the actual
cal changes that may occur. service environment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 2.5 It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this an aggressive, accelerated test method and to be careful in
standard. interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species
have never been found in a real world furnace, then this test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
method should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the refractory in question.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 The crucible for containing the reactant shall be a dense
2. Significance and Use
alumina or platinum crucible of conical shape with dimensions
of 43 mm in diameter at top, 33 mm in diameter at bottom, and
2.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluating the
53 mm high.
resistance of refractories in glass melting furnace superstruc-
tures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for
3.2 The crucible-cover assembly (Fig. 1) may be supported
evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor attack
within a suitable refractory holding crucible (Fig. 2) such as
occurs.
mullite to maintain the position of the cover, if an excessive
amount of glass phase reaction product is anticipated.
2.2 An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water va-
por and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired
3.3 The electric heating chamber shall be of sufficient size
furnace may participate in the chemical and physical reactions
to accommodate at least three assemblies for comparative
being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon
evaluation. The temperature control system shall be capable of
the nature and type of firing employed.
maintaining a desired holding temperature with a tolerance of
63°C.
2.3 The degree of correlation between this test method and
service performance is not fully determinable. This is intended
4. Specimen Preparation
to be an accelerated test method that generates a substantial
degree of reaction in a relatively short amount of time. This
4.1 The test specimen shall conform to the following
acceleration may be accomplished by changing the composi-
dimensions with major faces cut or ground parallel and flat to
form a tight seal with top of crucible:
4.1.1 Length, 55 6 2 mm,
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
4.1.2 Width, 55 6 2 mm, and
RefractoriesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC08.10onRefractories
for Glass. 4.1.3 Thickness, 20 6 1.0 mm.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
4.2 Selection—Use specimens that are free of defects such
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C987 – 00a (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/C0987-10. as cracks, fissures, and voids. Where obvious defects in
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C987–00a (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Practice for Designation: C987 – 10
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C987; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice test method covers a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories in contact with vapors under
conditions intended to simulate the environment within a glass melting or other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to
vapors from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service
conditionsforthepurposeofdetermininginarelativelyshorttimetheintervalresistancetofluxing,bloating,shrinkage,expansion,
mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physical changes that may occur.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Significance and Use
2.1 This practicetest method provides a guide for evaluating the resistance of refractories in glass melting furnace
superstructures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor
attack occurs.
2.2 An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water vapor and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired furnace
may participate in the chemical and physical reactions being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon the nature and
type of firing employed.
2.3 The degree of correlation between this practice test method and service performance is not fully determinable. This is
intended to be an accelerated practice test method that generates a substantial degree of reaction in a relatively short amount of
time. This acceleration may be accomplished by changing the composition and/or concentration of the reactants, increasing
temperatures, or by performing the test in an isothermal environment.
2.4 Since the practice test method may not accurately simulate the service environment, observed results of this practice test
method may not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that the user understand and consider how the results
of this practice test method may differ from those encountered in service. This is particularly likely if the reaction products, their
nature, or their degree differ from those normally found in the actual service environment.
2.5 It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is an aggressive, accelerated practice test method and to be careful in
interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have never been found in a real world furnace, then this practicetest
method should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the refractory in question.
3. Apparatus
3.1 The crucible for containing the reactant shall be a dense alumina or platinum crucible of conical shape with dimensions of
43 mm in diameter at top, 33 mm in diameter at bottom, and 53 mm high.
3.2 The crucible-cover assembly (Fig. 1) may be supported within a suitable refractory holding crucible (Fig. 2) such as mullite
to maintain the position of the cover, if an excessive amount of glass phase reaction product is anticipated.
3.3 The electric heating chamber shall be of sufficient size to accommodate at least three assemblies for comparative evaluation.
1
This practice test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.10 on Refractories
for Glass.
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C987–00a. DOI:
10.1520/C0987-00AR05.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C987 – 00a (2005). DOI:
10.1520/C0987-10.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc
...
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