ASTM C484-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile
Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for testing glazed ceramic tile that are to be used in areas in which they may be subjected to rapid or severe temperature changes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to thermal shock of glazed ceramic tiles under normal conditions of use.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C484 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Shock Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5°C (293 6 9°F). This test method includes two procedures,
with and without immersion, for tiles with a water absorption
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
less than or equal to 10% and tiles with a water absorption
tance to thermal shock of glazed ceramic tiles under normal
greater than 10%, respectively. After completing ten cycles,
conditions of use.
thetilesareinspectedforanydamageasaresultofthecycling.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
5.1 This test method is intended for testing glazed ceramic
tile that are to be used in areas in which they may be subjected
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to rapid or severe temperature changes.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Apparatus
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
6.1 Water Bath, for testing with immersion, through which
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
15 6 5°C (59 6 9°F) water flows at a rate of 1 gal/min. The
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
bath shall hold at least 5 gal (19 L) of water and shall be of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
dimensions such that the test sample is immersed completely
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
when placed in the bath vertically.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 6.2 Covered Water Bath, for testing without immersion,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
consisting of the Water Bath in 6.1 covered with an aluminum
sheet and layer of aluminum grains. The aluminum sheet shall
2. Referenced Documents
be 5.18mm (0.204-in.) thick—No. 4 B&S—gauge and of
2
dimensions such that the test sample can be placed glazed face
2.1 ASTM Standards:
down on it. The aluminum sheet shall cover the mouth of the
C242Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related
bath with the flow of water directed such that it is in contact
Products
with bottom surface of the aluminum sheet. The entire top
3. Terminology surface of the aluminum sheet shall be covered witha3mm
(0.197-in.) thick layer of aluminum grains. The diameters of
3.1 Definitions:
the aluminum grains shall be in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 mm
3.1.1 For the definitions of terms used on this test method,
(0.012 to 0.024 in.).
refer to Terminology C242.
6.3 Oven, capable of maintaining a constant temperature of
4. Summary of Test Method
145 6 5°C (293 6 9°F).
4.1 This test method consists of determining the thermal
7. Sampling
shock resistance of ceramic tiles by cycling a sample ten times
7.1 Number of Test Specimens—The test sample shall con-
betweenthetemperaturesof15 65°C(59 69°F)and145 6
sist of at least five tiles or trim units, selected at random from
the lot to be tested.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC21onCeramic
7.2 Size of Test Specimens—Test specimens up to 30 ×
Whitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
30cm (12 × 12in.) shall remain uncut for testing. Specimens
C21.06 on Ceramic Tile.
with edges greater than 30cm (12in.) may be reduced in size
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C484–99(2014).
to no smaller than 30cm (12in.).
DOI: 10.1520/C0484-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
8. Procedure
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
8.1 Before testing for resistance to thermal shock, inspect
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. the tiles for visible defects. To assist in detecting defects, a
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C484 − 20
suitable stain, such as waterproof black India ink or a 1% 8.6 After completing ten cycles, insp
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C484 − 99 (Reapproved 2014) C484 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Shock Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to thermal shock of glazed ceramic tiles under normal conditions
of use.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
C373 Test Methods for Determination of Water Absorption and Associated Properties by Vacuum Method for Pressed Ceramic
Tiles and Glass Tiles and Boil Method for Extruded Ceramic Tiles and Non-tile Fired Ceramic Whiteware Products
3. Terminology
3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions:—For
3.1.1 For the definitions of terms used on this test method, refer to Terminology C242. the definitions of terms used on this test
method, refer to Terminology C242.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of determining the thermal shock resistance of ceramic tiles by cycling a sample ten times between
the temperatures of 15 6 5°C5 °C (59 6 9°F)9 °F) and 145 6 5°C5 °C (293 6 9°F).9 °F). This test method includes two
procedures, with and without immersion, for tiles with a water absorption less than or equal to 10 % and tiles with a water
absorption greater than 10 %, respectively. After completing ten cycles, the tiles are inspected for any damage as a result of the
cycling.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is intended for testing glazed ceramic tile that are to be used in areas in which they may be subjected to
rapid or severe temperature changes.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Water Bath, for testing with immersion, through which 15 6 5°C5 °C (59 6 9°F)9 °F) water flows at a rate of 1 gal/min.
The bath shall hold at least 5 gal (19 L) of water and shall be of dimensions such that five whole tiles arethe test sample is immersed
completely when placed in the bath vertically.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic Whitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C21.06
on Ceramic Tile.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014April 1, 2020. Published December 2014April 2020. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
C484 – 99 (2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/C0484-99R14.10.1520/C0484-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C484 − 20
6.2 Covered Water Bath, for testing without immersion, consisting of the Water Bath in 6.1 covered with an aluminum sheet
and layer of aluminum grains. The aluminum sheet shall be 5.18–mm (0.204–in.)5.18 mm (0.204-in.) thick—No. 4 B&S—
gageB&S—gauge and of dimensions such that five whole tilesthe test sample can be placed glazed face down on it. The aluminum
sheet shall cover the mouth of the bath with the flow of water directed such that it is in contact with bottom surface of the aluminum
sheet. The entire top surface of the aluminum sheet shall be covered with a 3–mm (0.197–in.)3 mm (0.197-in.) thick layer of
aluminum grains. The diameters of the aluminum grains shall be in the range of 0.3 mm (0.012 in.) to 0.6 mm (0.02
...
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