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ASTM D5057-90(2001)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste

Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of this test method, materials to be measured will be classified into three groups:
1.1.1 Group A --Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B--Granules, powders and water reactive liquids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C--Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-1996
ICS
13.030.40 - Installations and equipment for waste disposal and treatment
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management
Drafting Committee
D34.01.05 - Screening Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5057-90(1996) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
Effective Date
10-Oct-1996
Replaced By
ASTM D5057-90(2006) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
Effective Date
01-May-2006
Referred By
ASTM D5232-19 - Standard Practice for Determining the Stability and Miscibility of a Solid, Semi-Solid, or Liquid Waste Material
Effective Date
10-Oct-1996

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ASTM D5057-90(2001) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of WasteASTM D5057-90(2001) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
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ASTM D5057-90(2001) - Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 5057 – 90 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of
Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5057; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent 3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
specific gravity and bulk density in waste. For the purpose of 3.1.1 screening—a preliminary qualitative or semi-
this test method, materials to be measured will be classified quantitative test, developed from classical qualitative and
into three groups: quantitative techniques, that is designed to efficiently give the
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific user specific information about a waste that will aid in
gravity (ASG), determining waste identification, process compatibility, and
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders and water reactive liq- safety in handling.
uids, solids or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
4. Summary of Test Method
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper or wood,
4.1 The specific gravity of a material is the ratio of the
etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a prelimi- masses of equal volumes of a waste and reagent water. The
apparent specific gravity of materials in Groups A and C is
nary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative
analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific determined by comparing the mass of a sample to the mass of
the same volume of reagent water. The bulk density of wastes
gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the
ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk in Group B is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of the
sample alone and should be used for determinations on water
density when the more sophisticated techniques are not avail-
able and the total waste composition is unknown. reactive materials. The weights are used in determining mass.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
waste management industries for the determination of apparent
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density deter-
hazard statement, see Section 9.
mined by this test method can be used for the conversion of
2. Referenced Documents
measured volumes to weights.
5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1192 Specification for Equipment for Sampling Water correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the
character of the waste.
and Steam
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
6. Interferences
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water
6.1 Excessive temperatures causing loss of sample compo-
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
nents due to vaporization could result in erroneous readings.
Petroleum Products
6.2 Large, obvious void spaces interfere in this test method
and will give inaccurate results because of the false volume
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
measured.
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 on
Screening Methods.
7. Apparatus
Current edition approved May 25, 1990. Published July 1990.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 Weighing Bottle— Specific gravity bottle or equivalent
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
container is needed.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
7.2 Spatulas.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5057 – 90 (2001)
7.3 Top Loader Balance, with a sensitivity of 0.01 g is 11.6.3 Weigh and record weight of sample and water, in
required. container with the li
...

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4.1 This guide is suitable for sampling heterogeneous wastes.  
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5.1 This practice is intended for use in the waste management industries to collect samples of unconsolidated waste from trucks. The sampling procedures described are general and should be used in conjunction with a site-specific work plan.  
5.2 The purpose of collecting waste samples directly from a truck (rather than the waste source) is often to verify (usually with screening analyses) that the waste contained in the truck is the same or similar material from a waste source that has been previously characterized and approved for treatment or disposal, or both. Additionally, it may be a safer or logistically easier to sample the waste from a truck over the waste source.
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Standard Test Methods for Flammability Potential Screening Analysis of Waste

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5.1 These test methods are intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in identifying the flammability potential or waste materials. In addition to the test methods described here, flash points specific to liquid waste can be determined according to Test Method D8174 or D8175.
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Sections  
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8 – 10  
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1.4 These test methods are designed and intended as preliminary tests to complement quantitative analytical techniques that are useful to determine flammability. These test methods offer the option and the ability to screen waste for hazardous flammability potential when the analytical techniques are not available or the total waste composition is unknown.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard information is given in Section 6, 9.3.1, and 10.4.3.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
8.1 This practice is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to aid in determining the compatibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual practices are as follows:    
Sections  
Practice A—Commingled Waste Compatibility  
8 – 12  
Practice B—Polymerization Potential (Reaction with  
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13 – 18  
Practice C—Water Compatibility  
19 – 25  
1.2 These practices are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.  
1.3 These practices are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown, and to screen compatibility when the composition is known. (Warning—Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.)  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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