ASTM C845-04

Standard Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hydraulic cements that expand during the early hardening period after setting. The cement covered by this specification is suitable for use in shrinkage-compensating concrete and shall be designated as Type E-1. Expansive cement shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed. Expansive cement shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed. The cement shall be sampled and the properties shall be determined with the following test methods: sampling, chemical analysis, time of setting, air content, restrained expansion of mortar, compressive strength, and density.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements that expand during the early hardening period after setting.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2004
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.13 - Special Cements

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C845-96 - Standard Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM C845/C845M-12 - Standard Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C688-22 - Standard Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C845 −04
StandardSpecification for
1
Expansive Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C845; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 expansive cement (S)—an expansive cement contain-
ing tricalcium aluminate (C A) and calcium sulfate.
3
1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements that expand
3.1.4 expansive hydraulic cement—a cement composed es-
during the early hardening period after setting.
sentiallyofhydrauliccalciumsilicates,calciumaluminatesand
2. Referenced Documents calcium sulfates, which, upon being mixed with water, forms a
2 paste that increases significantly in volume during the early
2.1 ASTM Standards:
hardening period occurring after setting. This volume increase
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
is due principally to the reaction of the calcium aluminates and
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
calcium sulfates.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
3.1.5 shrinkage-compensating concrete—concrete that is in-
Specimens)
ternally restrained with resilient reinforcing and made with
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
expansivecementwhichinducesbothcompressivestressinthe
Cement
concrete and positive steel strain that approximately off-sets
C183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
tensile stresses and negative strains induced by drying shrink-
Hydraulic Cement
age.
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
Mortar
4. Classification
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
C465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the
4.1 The cement covered by this specification is suitable for
Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements use in shrinkage-compensating concrete and shall be desig-
C688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use in
nated as Type E-1.
Hydraulic Cements
NOTE1—ThreekindsofexpansivecementareidentifiedinSection3by
C806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Expansive
the letters K, M, and S. The appropriate letter should be used as a suffix
Cement Mortar
to the type designation when one of these kinds is desired. Expansive
C807 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement cement may also be prepared in other ways.
Mortar by Modified Vicat Needle
5. Ordering Information
3. Terminology
5.1 When it is desired that an optional requirement apply or
that the cement be of a particular kind, a specific request to this
3.1 Definitions:
effect should be made by the purchaser.
3.1.1 expansive cement (K)—an expansive cement contain-
ing anhydrous calcium aluminosulfate (4CaO·3Al O ·SO ),
2 3 3
6. Chemical Composition
calcium sulfate, and uncombined calcium oxide.
6.1 Expansive cement shall conform to the requirements as
3.1.2 expansive cement (M)—an expansive cement contain-
to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
ing calcium aluminate cement and calcium sulfate.
6.2 The purchaser has the option of specifying that the
alkalies (Na O + 0.658K O) shall not exceed 0.60 % (See
2 2
1
Table 2).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.13 on Special
NOTE 2—This limit should be specified when the cement is to be used
Cements.
in concrete with aggregates that may be reactive. Reference should be
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved
made to Specification C33 for suitable criteria of deleterious reactivity.
in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as C845–96. DOI: 10.1520/C0845-
04.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 7. Physical Properties
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1 Expansive cement shall conform to the physical require-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ments prescribed in Table 3.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C845−04
TABLE 1 Standard Chemical Requirements
purchaser. The following periods from time of sampling shall
Composition, % be allowed for completion of testing:
Magnesium oxide (MgO), max 6.0
7-day test 12 days
Insoluble residue, max 1.0
28-day test 33 days
Loss on ignition, max 4.0
10.2 The manufacturer shall provide suitable facilities to
enable the inspector to check the intergrinding or blending
operation used to produce cement by either means. The plant
TABLE 2 Optional Chemical Requirements
facilit
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C 845–96 Designation: C845 – 04
Standard Specification for
1
Expansive Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C845; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements that expand during the early hardening period after setting.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
C465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements
C688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
C806 Test Method for Restrained Expansion of Expansive Cement Mortar
C807 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement Mortar by Modified Vicat Needle
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 expansive cement (K)—an expansive cement containing anhydrous calcium aluminosulfate (4CaO·3Al O ·SO ), calcium
2 3 3
sulfate, and uncombined calcium oxide.
3.1.2 expansive cement (M)—an expansive cement containing calcium aluminate cement and calcium sulfate.
3.1.3 expansive cement (S)—an expansive cement containing tricalcium aluminate (C A) and calcium sulfate.
3
3.1.4 expansive hydraulic cement—a cement composed essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates, calcium aluminates and
calcium sulfates, which, upon being mixed with water, forms a paste that increases significantly in volume during the early
hardening period occurring after setting. This volume increase is due principally to the reaction of the calcium aluminates and
calcium sulfates.
3.1.5 shrinkage-compensating concrete—a concrete made with an expansive cement in which the expansion, if restrained,
induces compressive stresses that approximately offset tensile stresses induced by drying shrinkage. —concrete that is internally
restrained with resilient reinforcing and made with expansive cement which induces both compressive stress in the concrete and
positive steel strain that approximately off-sets tensile stresses and negative strains induced by drying shrinkage.
4. Classification
4.1 The cement covered by this specification is suitable for use in shrinkage-compensating concrete and shall be designated as
Type E-1.
NOTE 1—Three kinds of expansive cement are identified in Section 3 by the letters K, M, and S. The appropriate letter should be used as a suffix to
the type designation when one of these kinds is desired. Expansive cement may also be prepared in other ways.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 When it is desired that an optional requirement apply or that the cement be of a particular kind, a specific request to this
effect should be made by the purchaser.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-1C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.13 on Special Cements.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1996. Published March 1996. Originally published as C 845–76T. Last previous edition C 845–90.
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as C845–96. DOI: 10.1520/C0845-04.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 04.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C845 – 04
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Expansive cement shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
6.2 The purchaser has the option of specifying that the alkalies (Na O + 0.658K O) shall not exceed 0.60 % (See Table 2).
2 2
NOTE 2—This limit should be specified when the cement is to be used in concrete with aggregates that may be reactive. Reference should be made
to Specification C 33C33 for suitable crite
...