ASTM D5724-16

Standard Specification for Gouache Paints

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for composition, physical properties, performance, and labeling of gouache paints. Covered here are pigments, vehicles, and additives, wherein the requirements for which are included for pigment identification, lightfastness, and consistency. Some pigments meeting the lightfastness requirements in this specification are listed herein. Also, in order to identify other pigments that meet these requirements, instructions are given for test specimen preparation and the respective test methods for determining relative lightfastness. The conditions not covered in this specification that affect gouache paints are substrate, environmental conditions, storage, vehicles, pigments, additives, inerts, preparation of samples, coarse particles, fineness of dispersions, consistency, freeze-thaw stability, opacity (hiding power), bleeding, and color specification.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This specification establishes quality requirements and provides a basis for common understanding among producers, distributors, and users.  
4.2 It is not intended that all paints meeting the requirements be identical nor of uniform excellence in all respects. Variations in manufacture, not covered by this specification, may cause some artists to prefer one brand over another, either of which may be acceptable under this specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for composition, physical properties, performance, and labeling of gouache paints.  
1.2 This specification covers pigments, vehicles, and additives. Requirements are included for pigment identification, lightfastness, and consistency.  
1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastness requirements in this specification. In order to identify other pigments that meet these requirements, instructions are given for test specimen preparation. Test methods for determining relative lightfastness are referenced.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. (A) Color Index Number 77491 can be used as an alternate to 77492 for PBr 7.(B) Information on white pigments is given in Appendix X3.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2016
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• ICS: 97.195 - Items of art and handicrafts. Cultural property and heritage
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.57 - Artist Paints and Related Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5724 −16
Standard Specification for
1
Gouache Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5724; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Documents:
3
Colour Index
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for
composition, physical properties, performance, and labeling of
3. Terminology
gouache paints.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This specification covers pigments, vehicles, and addi-
3.1.1 colour index name, n—consists of the category (type
tives. Requirements are included for pigment identification,
ofdyeorpigment),generalhue,andanassignednumbergiven
lightfastness, and consistency.
3
to a colorant in the Colour Index as an international identifi-
1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastness
cation system.
requirements in this specification. In order to identify other
3.1.1.1 Discussion—For example, the Colour Index Name
pigments that meet these requirements, instructions are given
of one phthalocyanine blue pigment is Pigment Blue 15 (PB
for test specimen preparation. Test methods for determining
15).
relative lightfastness are referenced.
3.1.2 colour index number, n—a five-digit number given in
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the Colour Index that describes the chemical constitution of a
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
colorant.
only.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Forexample,theColourIndexNumber
of one phthalocyanine blue pigment is 74160.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1 gouache paint, n—a pigment dispersion in a water
D185Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
soluble gum/resin vehicle that dries water soluble and is
D279Test Methods for Bleeding of Pigments
formulated primarily for relatively opaque and matte applica-
D476Classification for Dry Pigmentary Titanium Dioxide
tions.
Products
3.3 Appearance terms used in this standard are defined in
D823Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
Terminology E284.
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1210Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-
4. Significance and Use
Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage
4.1 This specification establishes quality requirements and
D1535Practicefor Specifying Color by the MunsellSystem
provides a basis for common understanding among producers,
D4236Practice for Labeling Art Materials for Chronic
distributors, and users.
Health Hazards
D4303Test Methods for Lightfastness of Colorants Used in
4.2 It is not intended that all paints meeting the require-
Artists’Materials
ments be identical nor of uniform excellence in all respects.
E284Terminology of Appearance
Variations in manufacture, not covered by this specification,
maycausesomeartiststopreferonebrandoveranother,either
of which may be acceptable under this specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D01 on Paint
andRelatedCoatings,Materials,andApplicationsandisthedirectresponsibilityof 5. Labeling Requirements
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
5.1 Pigment(s) Identification:
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5724–06 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D5724-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM The Society of Dyers and Colourists, Colour Index, 3rd ed., 5 volumes and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on revisions, Available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and
the ASTM website. Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5724−16
TABLE 1 Suitable Pigments List
NOTE 1—Underlined information in the table and lightfastness category shall be included on every label.
KEY
Lightfastness Category:
Lightfastness I Excellent Lightfastness
Lightfastness II Very Good Lightfastness
Abbreviations used in Colour Index Names:
PB Pigment Blue
PBk Pigment Black
PBr Pigment Brown
PG Pigment Green
PO Pigment Orange
PR Pigment Red
PV Pigment Violet
PW Pigment White
PY Pigment Yellow
AR Acid Red
BR Basic Red
Pigment Notations in Parenthesis:
(CC) Concentrated cadmium pigments may contain up to 15 % barium sulfate for color control.
Cadmium-barium pigments contain a much higher
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5724 − 06 (Reapproved 2010) D5724 − 16
Standard Specification for
1
Gouache Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5724; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for composition, physical properties, performance, and labeling of gouache
paints.
1.2 This specification covers pigments, vehicles, and additives. Requirements are included for pigment identification,
lightfastness, and consistency.
1.3 Table 1 lists some pigments meeting the lightfastness requirements in this specification. In order to identify other pigments
that meet these requirements, instructions are given for test specimen preparation. Test methods for determining relative
lightfastness are referenced.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
D279 Test Methods for Bleeding of Pigments
D476 Classification for Dry Pigmentary Titanium Dioxide Products
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage
D1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System
D4236 Practice for Labeling Art Materials for Chronic Health Hazards
D4303 Test Methods for Lightfastness of Colorants Used in Artists’ Materials
E284 Terminology of Appearance
2.2 Other Documents:
3
Colour Index
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 colour index name, n—consists of the category (type of dye or pigment), general hue, and an assigned number given to
3
a colorant in the Colour Index as an international identification system.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Feb. 1, 2016. Published December 2010February 2016. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20062010
as D5724 – 06.D5724 – 06 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D5724-06R10.10.1520/D5724-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The Society of Dyers and Colourists, Colour Index, 3rd ed., 5 volumes and revisions, Available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O.
Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
For example, the Colour Index Name of one phthalocyanine blue pigment is Pigment Blue 15 (PB 15).
3.1.2 colour index number, n—a five-digit number given in the Colour Index that describes the chemical constitution of a
colorant.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5724 − 16
TABLE 1 Suitable Pigments List
NOTE 1—Underlined information in the table and lightfastness category shall be included on every label.
KEY
Lightfastness Category:
Lightfastness I Excellent Lightfastness
Lightfastness II Very Good Lightfastness
Abbreviations used in Colour Index Names:
PB Pigment Blue
PBk Pigment Black
PBr Pigment Brown
PG Pigment Green
PO Pigment Orange
PR Pigment Red
PV Pigment Violet
PW Pigment White
PY Pigment Yellow
AR Acid Red
BR Basic Red
Pigment Notations in Parenthesis:
(CC) Concentrated cadmium pigments may contain up to 15 % barium sulfate for color control.
Cadmium-barium pigments contain a much higher content amount of barium sulfate.
(DL) May darken in strong light
(LF) Lightfast type
(NA) Colour index name or number not assigned
(RS) Red shade
(BS) Blue shade
(SM) Sensitive to moisture
(SS) Sensitive to hydrogen sulfide
(OP) Opaque type
Color Index
Ligthfastness Categeory Common Name and Chemical Class Color Index Number
Name
Color Index
Ligthfastness Category Common Name and Chemical Class Color Index Number
Name
YELLOWS
PY 3 I Arylide Yellow I0G, with option of adding the name Hansa Ye
...