ASTM D2096-00(2005)

Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the colorfastness of colored leathers, with or without a surface coating. The leathers to be tested are of the type normally expected to withstand frequent laundering. This test method also covers the simultaneous staining of adjacent textile materials when the leather specimens are washed. This test method does not apply to wet blue. Two procedures are covered depending on the apparatus used:  
1.1.1  Procedure A , using the Launder-Ometer and  
1.1.2 Procedure B , using an alternative washing machine.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2005
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.04 - Apparel

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2096-00 - Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D2096-00(2005)e1 - Standard Test Method for Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2096–00(Reapproved2005)
Standard Test Method for
Colorfastness and Transfer of Color in the Washing of
Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2096; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ISO R105/I, Part 2 Gray Scale for Evaluating Change in
Color
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the color-
ISO R105/I, Part 3 Gray Scale for Evaluating Staining
fastness of colored leathers, with or without a surface coating.
The leathers to be tested are of the type normally expected to
3. Summary of Test Method
withstandfrequentlaundering.Thistestmethodalsocoversthe
3.1 Three leather specimens 50 by 80 mm (approximately 2
simultaneous staining of adjacent textile materials when the
by 3 in.), and one piece of multifiber test fabric of nearly equal
leather specimens are washed. This test method does not apply
size are washed together in soapy water at 120°F (49°C).After
to wet blue. Two procedures are covered depending on the
⁄2 h of washing, the leather specimens and cloth are removed
apparatus used:
2 and rinsed carefully in running water at about 95°F (35°C).
1.1.1 Procedure A, using the Launder-Ometer, and
One leather specimen and the test cloth are removed and
1.1.2 Procedure B, using an alternative washing machine.
air-dried. A new piece of test cloth is added to the remaining
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
twoleatherspecimensandthesearewashed,asabove,for ⁄2h.
as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided
Therinsingisrepeated;againoneleatherspecimenandthetest
for information only.
cloth are removed for drying. The remaining leather specimen,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with a new piece of test cloth, is washed again for ⁄2 h. This
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
final leather specimen and test cloth are then rinsed and dried
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
as above. When dry, the color of the washed leather specimens
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
is rated by comparing it with an unwashed piece of leather.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Transfer of color to the test fabric is rated by comparison with
2. Referenced Documents an unwashed piece of test fabric. These comparisons are made
3 with the aid of the proper Gray Scale. All ratings are made on
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dry test specimens.
D 499 Specification for White Floating Toilet Soap
2.2 ISO Standard:
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The procedure is intended, primarily to evaluate the
ability of a leather specimen to withstand fixed, and rather
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
strenuous, laundering conditions. This test is not intended as a
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.04 onApparel and Upholstery.
recommended washing procedure, neither household nor com-
ThistestmethodwasdevelopedincooperationwiththeAmericanLeatherChemists
mercial. Although this test concerns itself with colorfastness
Assn.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally and transfer of color during washing, the washed leather
approved in 1962 as D 2096 – 62T. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as
specimens are available also for comparing other properties
D 2096 – 00.
(that is, tensile strength, area change, change in outline, etc.)
The Launder-Ometer and its development are described in the American
with those of unwashed samples.
DyestuffReporter, Oct. 29, 1928, p. 679. It is described also in the currentTechnical
Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The
Launder-Ometer is manufactured by Atlas Electric Devices Co., 4114 N. Raven- 5. Apparatus
swood Ave., Chicago, IL 60613; telephone: [phone]; fax: [phone].
5.1 Washing Machine—A Launder-Ometer, or an assembly
Such an apparatus is illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.
of apparatus capable of similar test conditions (Note 1). In
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
either machine, 1-pt (500-mL) specimen containers are held
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
with their bases toward a horizontal shaft and 2-in. (50 mm)
the ASTM website.
4 out from its center of rotation. Speed of rotation shall be 40 to
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. 45 rpm. Provision shall be made for maintaining the initial
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2096–00 (2005)
FIG. 1 Washing Machine, Heated Air Bath (Procedure B)
temperature of the specimen containers throughout the test. 5.5 Gray Scales, consisting of the following:
Additional agitation shall be provided by ⁄4-in. (6.4 mm) 5.5.1 ISO R105/I, Part 2, British, for assessing the effect in
stainless steel balls in the specimen containers. fastness testing, and
5.5.2 ISOR105/I,Part3,British,fordeterminingthedegree
NOTE 1—A motor-driven assembly, designed to hold 1-pt (500-mL)
of staining in fastness testing.
specimen containers so that they are relative to the axis of the motor shaft
in the same way as in the Launder-Ometer, can be used. The entire
6. Reagent
assembly, fitted with specimen containers, shall be turned at 40 to 45 rpm
inside a simple boxlike container which is heated at 120°F (49°C) with
6.1 Mild Soap Solution, 0.5 %, such as made from a white,
thermostatic control. Thus, heat loss from the preheated contents of the
floating,toiletsoap(SpecificationD 499).Thesolutionshallbe
specimen containers is held at a minimum during the 30-min washing
made with distilled water; 300 mL are required for a complete
periods. Such an apparatus is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
three-wash test for each specimen container.
5.2 Specimen Containers, glass or stainless steel, 1-pt (500-
7. Test Specimen
mL), washer, and cap.
5.3 Balls, type 316 stainless steel, ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) diameter,
7.1 The specimen shall be a piece of leather 2 by 3 in.
20 per specimen container.
(approximately 50 by 80 mm). Three specimens are required
5.4 Test Cloth, multifiber, 50 by 80 mm, three pieces per
for each complete wash test. A fourth piece, unwashed, is
test.
required for purposes of comparison.
NOTE 2—Multifibertestfabricsareavailablein6-fibercloth,containing
8. Procedure A—Using Launder-Ometer
7 7
filling strips of wool, Orlon, Dacron, nylon-66, bleached cotton, and
8.1 Adjust the Launder-Ometer to maintain the temperature
acetate, assembled in 2-in. (50-mm) repeats. Tests may be run with any
test fabric of special interest and reported accordingly.
at 120°F (49°C).
8.2 Preheat the soap solution to 120°F (49°C) and add 150
mL to each specimen container.
Detailed drawings for such an apparatus are available at a nominal cost from
the ASTM Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, W. Conshohocken, PA 19428-
2959. Request Adjunct ADJD2096. These scales and their use are described in the 1989 Technical Manual of the
The sole source of supply of the test cloth known to the committee at this time American Association of Tex
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